scholarly journals Back pain and spinal osteoporosis in clinical practice

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
N. V. Pizova ◽  
A. V. Pizov
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Alendronic Acid ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Medicinal Form ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Skeletal Disease ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Spinal Osteoporosis

Back pain is a common clinical and socioeconomic problem. Back pain is a symptom, not a nosological form. Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease in which, despite normal bone mineralization, bone loss and bone (structure) integrity is observed. The article considers the main causes of primary and secondary osteoporosis. The main modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors for osteoporosis and fractures are presented. The main pathological conditions and diseases associated with the risk of osteoporosis are described. The problem of osteoporosis of the spine as one of the causes of mechanical painful episodes in the back of elderly patients is considered in depth. Clinical features of compression vertebral fractures in osteoporosis in women after menopause are presented. The methods of conservative treatment of osteoporosis are considered. The greatest attention is paid to such effective antiosteoporotic drugs as bisphosphonates. The data on the efficacy and tolerability of alendronic acid preparations as the most studied preparation from the group of bisphosphonates are analyzed. The information on the new medicinal form of alendronic acid – sparkling soluble tablets (Binosto) is presented.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Comparative Study of Sodium Fluoride (NaF-18)-PET/CT and Fluorocholine (F-18-CH) PET/CT in the Evaluation of Skeletal Metastases in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Using a Volumetric 3-D Radiomics Analysis

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Kalevi Kairemo ◽  
S. Cheenu Kappadath ◽  
Timo Joensuu ◽  
Homer A. Macapinlac
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Skeletal Metastases ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Skeletal Disease ◽  
Sclerotic Bone ◽  
Pet Ct

Bone metastases are common in prostate cancer (PCa). Fluorocholine-18 (FCH) and sodium fluoride-18 (NaF) have been used to assess PCa associated skeletal disease in thousands of patients by demonstrating different mechanism of uptake-cell membrane (lipid) synthesis and bone mineralization. Here, this difference is characterized quantitatively in detail. Our study cohort consisted of 12 patients with advanced disease (> 5 lesions) (M) and of five PCa patients with no skeletal disease (N). They had routine PET/CT with FCH and NaF on consecutive days. Skeletal regions in CT were used to co-register the two PET/CT scans. Bone 3-D volume of interest (VOI) was defined on the CT of PET with a threshold of HU > 150, and sclerotic/dense bone as HU > 600, respectively. Additional VOIs were defined on PET uptake with the threshold values on both FCH (SUV > 3.5) and NaF (SUV > 10). The pathologic skeletal volumes for each technique (CT, HU > 600), NaF (SUV > 10) and FCH (SUV > 3.5) were developed and analyzed. The skeletal VOIs varied from 5.03 L to 7.31 L, whereas sclerotic bone VOIs were from 0.88 L to 2.99 L. Total choline kinase (cell membrane synthesis) activity for FCH (TCA) varied from 0.008 to 4.85 [kg] in M group and from 0.0006 to 0.085 [kg] in N group. Total accelerated osteoblastic (bone demineralization) activity for NaF (TBA varied from 0.25 to 13.6 [kg] in M group and varied from 0.000 to 1.09 [kg] in N group. The sclerotic bone volume represented only 1.86 ± 1.71% of the pathologic FCH volume and 4.07 ± 3.21% of the pathologic NaF volume in M group, and only 0.08 ± 0.09% and 0.18 ± 0.19% in N group, respectively. Our results suggest that CT alone cannot be used for the assessment of the extent of active metastatic skeletal disease in PCa. NaF and FCH give complementary information about the activity of the skeletal disease, improving diagnosis and disease staging.

scholarly journals Malignant Myeloma in a Patient after Treatment for Osteoporosis with Teriparatide; a Rare Coincidence

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. CCRep.S1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terje Forslund ◽  
Anna-Mari Koski ◽  
Arvo Koistinen ◽  
Anu Sikiö
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Exclusion Criterion ◽  
Human Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Teriparatide Treatment ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Metastasis Development ◽  
Structure Regulation

A breakthrough in understanding of mechanisms of bone structure regulation has brought about the introduction of the new synthetic recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1–34 (PTH1-34; Teriparatide) in the treatment of osteoporosis. These mechanisms, involving the RANKL, RANK, and osteoprotegerin system, are also known to be involved in malignant myeloma (MM) and tumor and bone metastasis development. We report a case in which MM was found after treatment of osteoporosis with teriparatide. We were unable to demonstrate any direct association between the MM and teriparatide treatment. However, it seemed intriguing that similar mechanisms are activated in the development of MM as those being working during teriparatide treatment. In the view of our case, we propose that MM by examination of serum protein fraction should be searched for prior to treatment with teriparatide as it is an exclusion criterion in teriparatide treatment of secondary osteoporosis. A search for other metastatic diseases prior to teriparatide treatment should eventually also be considered. The theoretical basis for our proposal is discussed.

scholarly journals Connexin 43 Channels Are Essential for Normal Bone Structure and Osteocyte Viability

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyun Xu ◽  
Sumin Gu ◽  
Manuel A Riquelme ◽  
Sirisha Burra ◽  
Danielle Callaway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Normal Bone

scholarly journals Friend or Foe? Essential Roles of Osteoclast in Maintaining Skeletal Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixing Wang ◽  
Guangpu Yang ◽  
Yinbo Xiao ◽  
Guotian Luo ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Secreted Factors ◽  
Pathological Conditions

Heightened activity of osteoclast is considered to be the culprit in breaking the balance during bone remodeling in pathological conditions, such as osteoporosis. As a “foe” of skeletal health, many antiosteoporosis therapies aim to inhibit osteoclastogenesis. However, bone remodeling is a dynamic process that requires the subtle coordination of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Severe suppression of osteoclast differentiation will impair bone formation because of the coupling effect. Thus, understanding the complex roles of osteoclast in maintaining proper bone remodeling is highly warranted to develop better management of osteoporosis. This review aimed to determine the varied roles of osteoclasts in maintaining skeletal health and to highlight the positive roles of osteoclasts in maintaining normal bone remodeling. Generally, osteoclasts interact with osteocytes to initiate targeted bone remodeling and have crosstalk with mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts via secreted factors or cell-cell contact to promote bone formation. We believe that a better outcome of bone remodeling disorders will be achieved when proper strategies are made to coordinate osteoclasts and osteoblasts in managing such disorders.

scholarly journals Mice with Hypomorphic Expression of the Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter PiT1/Slc20a1 Have an Unexpected Normal Bone Mineralization

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e65979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle Bourgine ◽  
Paul Pilet ◽  
Sara Diouani ◽  
Sophie Sourice ◽  
Julie Lesoeur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Normal Bone

Complete Palmar Dislocation of the Lunate in Rheumatoid Arthritis

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ARNER ◽  
K. JONSSON ◽  
P. ASPENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rheumatoid Patient ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Changes

We report a case of complete palmar dislocation of the lunate in a rheumatoid patient. X-rays showed a normal bone structure of the lunate without sclerosis or collapse and on MRI an almost normal signal intensity was found. The lunate was removed. Histological examination showed complete necrosis of both marrow and bone cells, and tetracycline labelling showed no fluorescence. This case illustrates that neither X-ray nor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect complete bone necrosis. When X-ray or MRI changes do occur, these are indications of cellular events following some degree of spontaneous revascularization.

A clinical profile of back pain and disability in patients with spinal osteoporosis

Bone ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Ryan ◽  
G. Blake ◽  
R. Herd ◽  
I. Fogelman
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Spinal Osteoporosis

scholarly journals Nutrition as prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

2009 ◽  
pp. S7-S11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Stránský ◽  
L Ryšavá
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Endocrine Factors

Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of the skeleton, characterized by reduction of bone mass and concurrent deterioration of bone structure. Consequently, bones are more fragile, and there is increased risk of fractures. The potential for acquisition of maximum bone mass is influenced by a number of factors. Among those are heredity, sex, nutrition, endocrine factors, mechanical influences and some risk factors. The best documented nutrient for metabolism of bone is calcium. Major role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis have some micro and macro nutrients, prebiotics, alcohol, alternative diets, starvation and anorexia. Meta analysis of 29 randomized trials showed that supplementation with calcium and vitamin D3 reduces risk of bone fractures by 24 % and significantly reduces loss of bone mass. Osteoporosis has multi factor etiology. Osteoporosis is one of diseases which are influenced by nutrition and life style. It is preventable by means of adequate nutrition and sufficient physical activity.

scholarly journals Postpartum Spinal Osteoporosis: An Unusual Cause of Low Back Pain

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
Berrin Gunduz ◽  
Belgin Erhan ◽  
Merih Saridogan ◽  
Nurgul Elbasi ◽  
Huri Ozdogan
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Spinal Osteoporosis

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on the Biomarkers of Bone Remodeling in Vitamin D Deficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 280-290
Author(s):  
Krishna Veni Nagappan ◽  
Arti Sureshkumar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Clinical Support ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
And Function

Vitamin D (Vit.D) has been well regarded as one of the essential micronutrients for several biological functions in humans, including bone structure and function. The deficiency of Vit.D due to various environmental, lifestyle, and genetic factors affect bone remodeling, including bone mineralization and resorption. Consequently, several changes occur in the level of biochemicals which are implied in bone remodeling, either directly or via secondary pathways. Intriguingly, the levels of these biomolecules are hypothesized to have a strong association with the prognosis of Vit. D deficiency (VDD) related health complications. However, the precise association of various bone turnover-derived biomolecules with VDD-related effects are largely elusive. Thus, the in-depth understanding of specific associations of VDD and bone mineralization, would establish novel bioanalytical approaches for early detection and devise alternative strategies to provide symptomatic clinical support to VDD patients. Hence this review collates the available literature to elucidate the association of various bone resorption biomarkers and their relevance to VDD.

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