scholarly journals Culturally-relevant and responsive pedagogy in computing: A Quick Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Hayley C. Leonard ◽  
Sue Sentance
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
The United States ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Teacher Confidence ◽  
The Us ◽  
Sociopolitical Context ◽  
Computing Curriculum ◽  
K 12

The underrepresentation of certain groups in computing has led to increasing efforts in the United States (US) to develop computing curricula that is responsive and relevant to a more diverse group of learners. In England, despite a mandatory computing curriculum from age 5, a similar problem is seen in terms of representation in formal Computer Science qualifications as in the US. The current paper used a Quick Scoping Review methodology to identify research that has implemented and evaluated culturally-responsive and relevant K-12 computing curricula, and to understand how they have been designed, the methods used for evaluation, and the factors affecting their success. In total, 12 papers were included in the review and all were from a US setting. Successes included changing learners’ attitudes towards computing and increased learning gains. Key factors in the implementation of the curricula were teacher confidence and understanding of the sociopolitical context of computing, opportunities provided for collaboration and sharing knowledge and opinions, and allowing time for difficult discussions without oversimplifying the issues. The review identifies important lessons to be learned for other countries, including England, aiming to increase the diversity in representation in computing in their schools.

scholarly journals Integrated Data Systems in the US: a National Survey of State and Local Governments and their University Partners

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelia Jenkins ◽  
Dennis Culhane
Keyword(s):  
Learning Community ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
The Us ◽  
State And Local ◽  
K 12

Background Actionable Intelligence for Social Policy (AISP) is an initiative of the University of Pennsylvania that focuses on the development, use, and innovation of integrated data systems (IDS). We convene a network of IDS across the United States and provide technical assistance to support developing sites as they build the technical and human capacity to integrate and use administrative data across agencies. Main AimIn late 2018 and early 2019, AISP conducted a national survey of integrated data efforts to better understand the landscape and how it’s changed since the last national scan was completed in 2013. The survey also served to document who is leading data sharing efforts, what data they are linking, and how linked data are currently being used. This information was used to create a centralized data matrix and contact list in order to support cross-site learning and facilitate future projects and analyses. Methods/ApproachThe survey was disseminated to AISP Network Sites, Learning Community sites, and others by AISP staff and partner organizations, including the National Neighborhood Indicators Partnership Network and Arnold Policy Labs initiative. Survey responses were analyzed by AISP in spring 2019. ResultsThe survey yielded 39 responses from state and local governments and their research partners. The most common uses of integrated data among those surveyed are informing policy, program evaluation, and research. Integrated case management and resource allocation are also increasingly informed by integrated data. The most commonly integrated data sources are early childhood, child welfare, and K-12 education. Medicaid, TANF, SNAP, and UI Wage Records have also been integrated by over 50% of sites surveyed. The most common lingering challenges reported by sites related to sustainability. ConclusionSurvey results document the purposes and sources of data currently integrated by jurisdictions across the US and have major implications for the field both nationally and internationally.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Household Expenditures on Nursery Products in the United States

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne M. Gineo ◽  
S. Were Omamo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Household Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Household Expenditures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Home Construction

Abstract This paper develops Engel relationships to identify the determinants of household expenditures on nursery products and specifies their impact on consumer purchases of these goods for subregions of the United States. Household income, the number of single family home construction starts, educational level attained, and age composition of the population were found in influence nursery product expenditures. The economic variables of income and construction starts appear to be key factors affecting nursery purchases. To maintain a competitive edge, industry participants should monitor these variables carefully and adjust their production and marketing plans to meet changing market conditions.

scholarly journals Preparation and The Real World of Education: How Prospective Teachers Grapple with Using Culturally Responsive Teaching Practices in the Age of Standardized Testing

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-24
Author(s):  
Natasha Ramsay-Jordan
Keyword(s):  
No Child Left Behind ◽  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Culturally Responsive Teaching ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
High Stakes Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Responsive Teaching ◽  
Elementary And Secondary Education ◽  
K 12

The most highlighted provision and consequence of the reauthorization of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001, is obsessive practices of assessing students across the United States (U.S.). Despite newly named policies, including Every Student Succeed Act (ESSA) of 2015, which governs current U.S. K-12 education standards, concerns over NCLB’s unprecedented fixation on high stakes testing remain acute for many school districts. This manuscript examines the struggles of four preservice secondary mathematics teachers (PMTs) who grappled with enacting culturally responsive teaching practices at schools that aimed to meet accountability standards.

Should Political Scientists Care about Civic Education?

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Battistoni
Keyword(s):  
Civic Education ◽  
Citizenship Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
K 12 ◽  
American Political Science

For the past decade, concern about a crisis in civic education and engagement, especially among young people, has been rampant. In 2003, The Civic Mission of Schools report sounded a clarion call for greater attention to citizenship education in K–12 schools and touched off a national campaign, joined by such luminaries as Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, advocating improvements in the way we educate American youth for participation in democracy. Two years later, the work of the American Political Science Association's Committee on Civic Education and Engagement culminated in the publication of Democracy at Risk, which examined growing trends toward civic disengagement and proposed reforms to reinvigorate political participation in the United States. Just last year, a joint effort by the US Department of Education and the Association of American Colleges and Universities produced A Crucible Moment: College Learning and Democracy's Future, once again chronicling a “civic recession” across the land and issuing a “National Call to Action” for higher education to do more to educate young citizens for democracy.

Implementation of School Diabetes Care in the United States: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 105984052110263
Author(s):  
Ruopeng An ◽  
Danyi Li ◽  
Marjorie Cole ◽  
Katherine Park ◽  
Aaron R. Lyon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
K 12 ◽  
The Impact

Diabetes management at school demands close collaboration of multiple stakeholders, including students with diabetes and parents, school nurses, teachers/staff, and local health care providers. This scoping review identified and synthesized evidence concerning factors that contributed to the quality and effectiveness of diabetes care implementation in U.S. K-12 schools. Forty-six studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. Five common factors emerged surrounding training and experiences, communications, parent engagement, resource allocations, and school environment. Complex interactions between multiple stakeholders jointly determined the quality of school diabetes care. A conceptual model was established to elucidate the complex interactions between multiple stakeholders and the relevant facilitators and barriers. Future research should improve sample representativeness, contrast school diabetes care practices to the national guidelines, and assess the impact of the social, economic, and political environment at federal, state, local/district levels on school diabetes care implementation.

scholarly journals COVID-19-associated school closures and related efforts to sustain education and subsidized meal programs, United States, February 18–June 30, 2020

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0248925
Author(s):  
Nicole Zviedrite ◽  
Jeffrey D. Hodis ◽  
Ferdous Jahan ◽  
Hongjiang Gao ◽  
Amra Uzicanin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
School Districts ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
School Closures ◽  
The Us ◽  
Meal Programs ◽  
K 12

Pre-emptive school closures are frontline community mitigation measures recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for implementation during severe pandemics. This study describes the spatiotemporal patterns of publicly announced school closures implemented in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and assesses how public K-12 districts adjusted their methods of education delivery and provision of subsidized meals. During February 18–June 30, 2020, we used daily systematic media searches to identify publicly announced COVID-19–related school closures lasting ≥1 day in the United States (US). We also collected statewide school closure policies from state government websites. Data on distance learning and subsidized meal programs were collected from a stratified sample of 600 school districts. The first COVID-19–associated school closure occurred on February 27, 2020 in Washington state. By March 30, 2020, all but one US public school districts were closed, representing the first-ever nearly synchronous nationwide closure of public K-12 schools in the US. Approximately 100,000 public schools were closed for ≥8 weeks because of COVID-19, affecting >50 million K-12 students. Of 600 districts sampled, the vast majority offered distance learning (91.0%) and continued provision of subsidized meal programs (78.8%) during the closures. Despite the sudden and prolonged nature of COVID-19–associated school closures, schools demonstrated flexibility by implementing distance learning and alternate methods to continue subsidized meal programs.

289 Rack curtains improve sailors’ sleeping conditions in berthing compartments of the United States Navy (USN) ships

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A116-A116
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Matsangas ◽  
Nita Shattuck ◽  
Heather Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Enlisted Personnel ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Navy

Abstract Introduction Ambient light is one of the primary factors affecting sailor sleep in berthing compartments on USN ships. Each “rack” (i.e., bunk) has a curtain, however, intended only for privacy. Current rack curtain specifications do not address light-blocking properties. We assessed the effects of replacing existing, standard rack curtains with enhanced rack curtains that provide superior light-blocking in the sleeping environment. Methods Longitudinal (~2 weeks), naturalistic observation of sailors (N=52; 41 enlisted personnel) on a USN destroyer during deployment. The standard curtain was used for one week followed by one week with the enhanced light-blocking curtain. Sleep-related attributes (Epworth Sleepiness Scale–ESS, Insomnia Severity Index–ISI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index–PSQI) were assessed at the end of each week. Actigraphy and rack temperature data (both inside and outside the rack) were collected throughout the study. Results are presented as median±median absolute deviation. Results Participants slept on average 6.8±1.0 hours/day. ESS scores improved with decreases from 9.0±3.0 with standard curtains to 7.0±3.0 with the enhanced curtains (p=0.020). Sailors with normal daytime sleepiness improved from 33 (63.5%) with standard curtains to 40 (76.9%) with the enhanced curtains. ISI scores decreased from 11.0±3.0 to 8.0±2.0 in the two conditions (p<0.001). The number of Sailors with ISI scores ≥15 decreased from 11 (21.2%) with standard curtains to 8 (13.5%) with the enhanced curtains (p=0.103). PSQI scores (8.0±2.0), however, did not change between the control and the intervention periods (p=0.527). Preliminary analysis showed that, compared to outside the rack, temperature inside the rack was slightly warmer on average with new curtains (~1 °F; p=0.096). Conclusion Our results suggest that the enhanced curtains reduced average daytime sleepiness and severity of insomnia symptoms. A greater difference in rack temperature with the enhanced curtains was observed; however, this may be attributed to the ship sailing in southern latitudes during the intervention period. Ongoing analysis will provide more insight on the utility of the enhanced curtains and their efficacy in improving sleeping conditions. Support (if any) Supported by the Naval Medical Research Center’s Advanced Medical Development Program, the US Navy 21st Century Sailor Office, and the US Navy OPNAV N1.

Analysis of the Dynamics of Migration Flows from Russia to the United States (1992-2018)

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
D.I. Uznarodov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Migration Flows

The article reviews the dynamics of migration flows from Russia to the United States in the period from 1992 to 2018; the article also analyzes the transformation of the US migration policy over the past twenty-six years. The main stages that characterize the scale of emigration of Russian citizens to the United States are indicated, as well as their key features. Using the method of statistical data analysis, the most preferred regions of the country for Russian migrants are identified. It is concluded that two key factors can contribute to changing the dynamics of migration flows from Russia to the United States after 2020: the configuration of forces within the US political elite after the November 2020 election cycle, and also the socio-economic and general domestic political situation directly inside Russia.

scholarly journals What Do We Know About the Health Status of Asylum Seekers in the United States? Identifying Research Gaps Following a Bibliometric Scoping Review of Existing Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Beer ◽  
C. Scott Dorris ◽  
Dahlia Fateen ◽  
Ranit Mishori
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
The Us

Abstract Background: Asylum Seekers are a high-risk group from a health perspective. The US is the largest recipient of asylum applications in the world. Multiple articles exist on asylum seekers’ health, but, anecdotally, the majority originate from Europe and elsewhere. We sought to assess the current health and medical literature on asylum seekers in the US, where asylum seekers are a distinct population from refugees. This limited representation in the scientific literature can impact the care they receive. We analyzed the existing literature on asylum seekers in the US via a Scoping Review of the literature from 1946 to 2020 that discussed the health of asylum seekers in the US. Refugees were excluded given their legal status which distinguishes the protections they receive. Results: A total of 114 articles were identified; 48 (42.1%) of which were empirical studies; (66 (57.9%) were editorials or commentaries. Analysis of empirical studies revealed enhanced focus on mental health (60.42%), on African asylees (45.83%). The majority of the editorials and commentaries focused on detention and the medico-legal process (31.82% and 30.3% respectively). Conclusion: Empirical data on the health of asylum seekers in the US context is very limited. Research gaps include domains that span the medical, social, and legal fields. Research expansion requires increased dedication from the research community, funding, and the ethical engagement of these vulnerable populations. This is especially important given the unprecedented migration and displacement of populations in the 21st century.

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