Assessing the impact of wastewater irrigation on cobalt cadmium and lead contents of grains of Sorghum bicolor

Groundwater quality and availability are essential for human consumption and social and economic activities in arid and semiarid regions. Many developing countries use wastewater for irrigation, which has in most cases led to groundwater pollution. The Mezquital Valley, a semiarid region in central Mexico, is the largest agricultural irrigation region in the world, and it has relied on wastewater from Mexico City for over 100 years. Limited research has been conducted on the impact of irrigation practices on groundwater quality on the Mezquital Valley. In this study, 31 drinking water wells were sampled. Groundwater quality was determined using the water quality index (WQI) for drinking purposes. The hydrogeochemical process and the spatial variability of groundwater quality were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering multivariate geostatistical tools. This study highlights the value of combining various approaches, such as multivariate geostatistical methods and WQI, for the identification of hydrogeochemical processes in the evolution of groundwater in a wastewater irrigated region. The PCA results revealed that salinization and pollution (wastewater irrigation and fertilizers) followed by geogenic sources (dissolution of carbonates) have a significant effect on groundwater quality. Groundwater quality evolution was grouped into cluster 1 and cluster 2, which were classified as unsuitable (low quality) and suitable (acceptable quality) for drinking purposes, respectively. Cluster 1 is located in wastewater irrigated zones, urban areas, and the surroundings of the Tula River. Cluster 2 locations are found in recharge zones, rural settlements, and seasonal agricultural fields. The results of this study strongly suggest that water management strategies that include a groundwater monitoring plan, as well as research-based wastewater irrigation regulations, in the Mezquital Valley are warranted.

Download Full-text

Impact of solution variables on the removal of heavy metals from wastewaters by a recycled iron sorbent

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2000.0337 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 42 (1-2) ◽

pp. 347-352

Author(s):

E.H. Smith ◽

S. Chatterjee

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Oxalic Acid ◽

Metal Speciation ◽

Surface Finishing ◽

Complexing Agents ◽

Lead Removal ◽

Adsorption Equilibria ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Cadmium And Lead ◽

The Impact

Waste shot-blast fines from surface finishing processes have been demonstrated to be effective for removing heavy metals from solution by adsorption.The technology offers the potential for inexpensive recovery and reuse of a material normally discarded as a solid waste. While metal removals compare favorably with those achieved by commercial sorbents, applications issues such as the impact of background metal-complexing agents require investigation. The presence of oxalic acid, a complexing organic compound, impacted cadmium and lead adsorption in accordance with predictions from metal speciation equilibria; i.e., a small but measurable reduction in lead removal was observed, but cadmium adsorption was relatively unaffected. The effects were repeated in dynamic column experiments, with lead removals reduced by 15 to 20% in the presence of the ligand. Efforts to model adsorption equilibria in the presence of oxalic acid did not fully capture the reduced lead removal, presumably because the model does not consider the complete formation of metal-oxalic acid complexes prior to contact with the sorbent.

Download Full-text

Impact of urban gardening in equatorial zone on soils and metal transfer to vegetables

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc120915116o ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 78 (7) ◽

pp. 1045-1053 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aubin Ondo ◽

Pascale Prudent ◽

Catherine Massiani ◽

Menye Biyogo ◽

Mariane Domeizel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Agriculture ◽

Metal Uptake ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Metal Transfer ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Urban Gardening ◽

Physicochemical Soil Properties ◽

Top Soil ◽

Cadmium And Lead ◽

The Impact

This study aimed at assessing the impact of urban agriculture on physicochemical soil properties and the metal uptake by some leafy vegetables cultivated in urban soils of Libreville, Gabon. Cultivated and uncultivated top-soil and vegetable samples were collected on two urban garden sites, and analyzed. The results showed that there was strong acidification and a decrease of nutrient and metal concentrations in soils due of agricultural practices. The metal transfer to plants was important, with the exception of iron. The non-essential metal cadmium and lead were not detectable in plant tissues. Amaranth accumulated more metals than other vegetables. Amaranth and Roselle were vegetables that preferentially concentrated metals in their leaves and can therefore be used for metal supplementation in food chain.

Download Full-text

The impact of freshwater and wastewater irrigation on the chemistry of shallow groundwater: a case study from the Israeli Coastal Aquifer

Journal of Hydrology ◽

10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.06.013 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 300 (1-4) ◽

pp. 314-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 98

Author(s):

A. Kass ◽

I. Gavrieli ◽

Y. Yechieli ◽

A. Vengosh ◽

A. Starinsky

Keyword(s):

Coastal Aquifer ◽

Shallow Groundwater ◽

Wastewater Irrigation ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil, Paddy Straw and SEM analysis of the soil for the impact of wastewater irrigation in Girudhumal Sub basin of Tamil Nadu, India

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.002784 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Soil Structure ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Wastewater Irrigation ◽

Urban Region ◽

Paddy Straw ◽

The Impact

<p>The objective of the study is to determine accumulation and translocation of heavy metals from soil to paddy straw irrigated with urban sewage wastewater in peri-urban region of Girudhumal subbasin area in Madurai. The soil samples were collected in seven locations irrigated with treated and untreated wastewater and analyzed for physical properties like pH, EC, bulk density, soil type, major (N,P,K) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) and heavy metals Ni, Cd, Pb. SEM analysis showed that soil structure is significantly influenced by wastewater irrigation. It confirms that the wastewater irrigation disturbs soil structure and affecting the plant growth in long run.  Pb content was higher than the prescribed safe limits in S5 and S6 location, similarly, Ni also was higher than the safe limit in all the locations. Pollution Load Index values are in the range of 0.08-0.56 for all sites, and it indicated that chance of heavy metal contamination is less. The EF values show moderate enrichment to Ni and Zn, Significant enrichment for Cd and Cu, Extremely high for Pb and deficiency for Mn. All these results confirmed that there is no immediate risk of heavy metal pollution, however with respect to Pb and Ni the plant tissues are showing higher values. The transfer factor for heavy metals from soil to paddy straw is less than 0.5 for Cd and for others is more than 0.5 indicated greater chances for heavy metal contamination.</p>

Download Full-text

Impact of tannery effluent on Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Current Botany ◽

10.25081/cb.2021.v12.7148 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 146-149

Author(s):

V. Sangeetha ◽

P.S. Sharavannan

Keyword(s):

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Tannery Effluent ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Vigour Index ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The Impact ◽

Sorghum Bicolor L

The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of tannery effluent on different varieties of Sorghum bicolor. The disparate concentrations of tannery effluent viz., 5, 25, 50, 75 and 100% were tested for its impacts on six varieties of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (TNAU CO 5, TNAU CO 30, CO (S) 28, BSR 1, K Tall and Paiyur 1). The experimentation was carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications. The impact of tannery effluent on the germination percentage, shoot length (cm), root length (cm), seedling weight (g), vigour index, tolerance index and phytotoxicity were recorded. The outcome revealed that the parameters escalated in 5% effluent concentration and declined after 25% concentration of tannery effluent.

Download Full-text

Growth, Fitness, and Overwinter Survival of a Shattercane (Sorghum bicolorssp.drummondii)×Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolorssp.bicolor) F2Population

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/wsc.2018.34 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 (5) ◽

pp. 634-641

Author(s):

Jared J. Schmidt ◽

Melinda K. Yerka ◽

Jeffrey F. Pedersen ◽

John L. Lindquist

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Population Biology ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Cropping System ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Genetically Engineered ◽

Overwinter Survival ◽

Ecological Fitness ◽

The Impact

AbstractAlthough sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench ssp.bicolor] is the fifth most important grain crop in terms of global production, no commercial hybrids carry genetically engineered (GE) traits for resistance to insect pests or herbicides due to regulatory concerns about gene flow to weedy relatives. However, non-GE herbicide resistance currently is being developed in grain sorghum and will likely transfer to related weeds. Monitoring the impact of this new nuclear technology on the evolution and invasiveness of related weeds requires a baseline understanding of the population biology of grain sorghum genes once they transfer to in situ weed populations. We previously characterized the rate of gene flow from grain sorghum to shattercane [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench nothosubsp.drummondii(Steud.) de Wet ex. Davidse], a conspecific weed relatively common in North America; as well as the ecological fitness of an F1population whenS. bicolornothosubsp.drummondiiwas the maternal parent. Here we report the ecological fitness of aS. bicolornothosubsp.drummondii×S. bicolorssp.bicolorF2population relative to its crop and weed parents. Parental and F2populations were grown in two Nebraska environments in 2012 and 2013. Traits evaluated included overwinter survival, field emergence, biomass production and partitioning at anthesis, total seed production, and 100-seed weight. Results indicated that F2traits were generally intermediate between the parents, but more similar toS. bicolornothosubsp.drummondiithan to grain sorghum. The one exception was overwinter survival, which was nearly 0% for both the F2and the grain sorghum parent in these northern environments. Thus, the frequency of crop alleles stably introgressed intoS. bicolornothosubsp.drummondiipopulations appears to primarily depend on overwinter survival of the F2and which selective pressures are imposed upon it by the cropping system. These data provide needed baseline information about the environmental fate of nuclear genetic technologies deployed in this important global crop.

Download Full-text