The Effect of Recipient Holstein heifers’ Corpus Luteum Type, Diameter and Secretory Potential on their Pregnancy Rate during Routine ET program in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
MR Oshba ◽  
G Sosa ◽  
M Nossier ◽  
M Fadel ◽  
M El-Raey
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Secretory Potential

I.—On the Pregnancy Rate in the Lactating Mouse and the Effect of Suckling on the Duration of Pregnancy

1932 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mirskaia ◽  
F. A. E. Crew
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Delayed Implantation ◽  
Prolonged Pregnancy ◽  
Suggested Explanation ◽  
Duration Of Pregnancy

Summary1. The pregnancy rate of primiparæ, suckling their young, was, in this experiment, 24·1 per cent.; that of multiparæ suckling their young, 50 per cent. It is shown that this difference is not due to differences in the incidence of ovulation associated with postpartum œstrus. The suggested explanation of this difference between puberal and adult groups is that a certain level of somatic maturity is a prerequisite for full reproductive activity.2. In all cases the duration of pregnancy was prolonged. The degree of prolongation was variable and could not be related to the number of young in the uterus or suckling. The results provide no support for the suggestion that this prolongation, due to delayed implantation of the fertilised ova, is to be referred to an inhibitory action on the part of the mammary gland. The suggestion is made that the delayed implantation and prolonged pregnancy are due to inability on the part of the corpus luteum to cater adequately for implantation and lactation synchronously.

Serial transvaginal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the porcine corpus luteum in vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 931 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Björkman ◽  
J. Yun ◽  
M. Niku ◽  
C. Oliviero ◽  
N. M. Soede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Guided Biopsy ◽  
Biopsy Method ◽  
Ultrasound Guided Biopsy

The aims of the present study was to develop and describe a transvaginal ultrasound-guided biopsy method for luteal tissue in the porcine and to evaluate the effects of the method on the reproductive tract, ovarian status and pregnancy status. Biopsies were performed in four multiparous sows on Days 9 and 15 of three consecutive oestrous cycles; the size and histological composition of the samples obtained were evaluated and the reproductive tract of the sows was monitored. Furthermore, biopsies were performed in 26 multiparous sows on Days 10 and 13 after insemination, and the pregnancy rate, gestation length and subsequent litter size were evaluated. RNA was extracted from the samples obtained and the quality and quantity were determined. Altogether, 76 biopsies were performed and 38 samples were obtained. Compared with sows from which no samples were obtained (n = 6), sows from which one or more samples were obtained (n = 24) were older (parity 5.0 ± 2.8 vs 2.2 ± 0.4, mean ± s.d.), heavier (290 ± 26 vs 244 ± 27 kg) and had higher back fat (11.4 ± 2.7 vs 6.4 ± 2.5 mm; P < 0.05 for all). No effect of the biopsies (P > 0.05) was observed on the cyclicity and reproductive organs of the sows, or on corpus luteum diameter on Day 13 (8.9 ± 1.0 vs 9.2 ± 1.1 mm), pregnancy rate (95% vs 96%), gestation length (115 ± 1 vs 115 ± 1 days) and subsequent litter size (12.7 ± 2.5 vs 13.3 ± 2.8) between sows from which samples were obtained and those from which no samples were obtained. The samples obtained had a diameter of 1 mm and contained heterogeneous tissue with various cell types. The RNA quantity was 520 ± 160 µg per sample and the RNA integrity number was 8.5 ± 1.0. In conclusion, an ultrasound-guided biopsy method for ovarian tissue, which can be used for gene expression studies, was established in the porcine. No effect on corpus luteum function was found.

10 INFLUENCE OF ADMINISTRATION OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN ON DAY 4 AFTER FIXED-TIME AI ON CORPUS LUTEUM SIZE, FUNCTION, AND PREGNANCY RATE IN BEEF COWS

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
J. B. S. Borges ◽  
D. X. Thedy
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Prostaglandin F2a ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Early Rise

Successful establishment of pregnancy in the cow depends on early rise of progesterone (P4) to improve embryo development. The present study was carried out to determine the corpus luteum (CL) function and pregnancy rate following the administration of 1.500 IU of hCG in suckled beef cows on Day 4 after fixed-time AI (FTAI). Crossbred Angus cows (n = 429), 40 to 70 days postpartum, were synchronized using 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate (EB) i.m. and an intravaginal progesterone-releasing device containing 1 g of P4 for 7 days. At device removal, prostaglandin F2a (150 mg of D-cloprostenol) was injected i.m.; 24 h later, 1 mg of EB was given and the FTAI were done 30 to 36 h after EB using semen of just 1 bull. Cows were assigned alternatively to receive 1.500 IU of hCG i.m. (n = 200) or 1 mL of saline i.m. (n = 229) on Day 4 after FTAI. Ovaries were examined by transrectal ultrasonography (n = 71) on Days 4 and 7 to detect the presence and to measure the area of CL. Blood samples were collected on Days 4, 7, 10, 14, and 30 post-oestrus to determine P4 concentration by RIA. Pregnancy diagnoses were done 30 days after FTAI. The effects of treatments on CL area and serum P4 levels were analysed by ANOVA (Proc GLM, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) and pregnancy rates compared by chi-square (Proc CATMOT, SAS). The induction of accessory CL determined on Day 7 was 44% in cows treated with hCG and not observed in the control group. The area of the CL on Day 7 was significantly higher (P < 0.01; 3.37 ± 2.56 v. 2.56 ± 0.22 cm2) in the hCG group. Despite the increase in CL size, the mean levels of P4 on Days 4, 7, 10, 14, and 30 post-AI indicated no difference (P > 0.05) in CL function between control and hCG-treated cows. On Day 30, pregnancy rates were not different (P = 0.08), at 46.7 and 55% for control and hCG-treated cows, respectively. In conclusion, administration of 1.500 IU of hCG on Day 4 post-FTAI did not improve pregnancy rate in suckled beef cows.

109 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ULTRASONIC MORPHOLOGY OF CORPUS LUTEUM IN HOLSTEIN HEIFERS AND PREGNANCY RATE AFTER EMBRYO TRANSFER

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
A. Shirasawa ◽  
Y. Nakamura ◽  
A. Ideta ◽  
Y. Oono ◽  
M. Urakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rectal Palpation ◽  
Experimental Group

Recipient animals for bovine embryo transfer (ET) are routinely selected according to the morphology of the corpus luteum (CL) estimated by rectal palpation. However, rectal palpation is not a precise method of diagnosing the functional status of a CL. Ovarian ultrasonography (US) may be used to improve such diagnoses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ultrasonographic images of CL and pregnancy rates after ET in Holstein heifers to determine whether US can be used to select recipients for ET. Recipient heifers (n = 285) were selected by detection of natural oestrus or following oestrus synchronization using a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID; ASKA Pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan). Transrectal US was performed immediately before ET, on Days 6 to 8 of the oestrous cycle (oestrus = Day 0), using a B-mode scanner (HS1500V; Honda Electronics Co. LTD, Aichi, Japan) equipped with a 7.5-MHz linear-array transducer designed for intrarectal placement. A cross-sectional image of the maximal area of the CL and luteal cavity was obtained. The areas of the CL and luteal cavity were each calculated using the formula for the area of an ellipse (height/2 × width/2 × π). (1) Ultrasonic morphology of CL was classified into 3 types: without cavity (n = 128), with cavity (n = 145) and with blood clot (n = 12). (2) The luteal cavity was categorized into 3 groups: small (<100 mm2, n = 93), medium (100 ≤ x < 200 mm2, n = 32) and large (≥200 mm2, n = 20). (3) Luteinized tissue area (total area of CL minus the area of the luteal cavity) was categorized into 3 groups: small (<250 mm2, n = 61), medium (250 ≤ x < 350 mm2, n = 128) and large (≥350 mm2, n = 84). In vivo–produced embryos were transferred nonsurgically into the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL. Pregnancy was determined by transrectal US on Days 30 to 40 of gestation. The pregnancy rates of each experimental group were analysed by logistic regression. In this study, the pregnancy rate did not differ significantly in each experimental group: (1) without cavity: 77.3% (99/128), with cavity: 75.2% (109/145) and blood clot: 75.0% (9/12); (2) small cavity: 73.1% (68/93), medium: 75.0% (24/32) and large: 85.0% (17/20). The mean area of the cavity was 100.8 ± 110.3 mm2 (mean ± standard deviation) and recipients with 0 to 539.7 mm2 sized cavities had successful pregnancies (observational range was 0 to 539.7 mm2). (3) The pregnancy rates of recipients that had small, medium and large luteinized tissue were 77.0% (47/61), 75.0% (96/128) and 77.4% (65/84), respectively. The mean area of luteinized tissue was 318.9 ± 90.3 mm2 and 155.0 to 620.0 mm2 sized luteinized tissue had pregnancy success (observational range was 132.8 to 620.0 mm2). In conclusion, the results from this study indicate that the presence of a luteal cavity or blood clot has no detrimental effect on pregnancy success after ET in Holstein heifers. Furthermore, no relationship was found between luteinized tissue area at the time of ET and pregnancy rate.

162 FERTILITY OF BEEF RECIPIENTS FOLLOWING A FIXED-TIME EMBRYO TRANSFER PROTOCOL WHICH INCLUDED FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE DILUTED IN HYALURONAN

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
J. W. Thorne ◽  
C. R. Looney ◽  
J. F. Hasler ◽  
D. K. Hockley ◽  
D. W. Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pfizer Animal Health ◽  
And Control ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

This study was performed to test the viability of administering Folltropin-V® (FSH, Bioniche Animal Health) diluted in hyaluronan (MAP-5 50 mg, sodium hyaluronate, Bioniche Animal Health) to beef cows enrolled in a recipient synchronization protocol to evaluate its effect on recipient fertility. All recipients were administered an estradiol 17β (2.5 mg, IM) and progesterone (50 mg, IM) combination injection on Day 0, a CIDR® (progesterone 1.34 g, Pfizer Animal Health, Groton, CT, USA) was inserted for 7 days. Lutalyse® (dinoprost tromethamine, Pfizer Animal Health, 25 mg, IM) was administered at the time of CIDR removal on Day 7, and estradiol 17β (1 mg, IM) was administered on Day 8. On Day 16, the presence of at least one corpus luteum, detected via ultrasound, resulted in the recipient receiving an embryo (both fresh and frozen–thawed embryos were used). Embryos were not transferred into cows that did not show ultrasonic evidence of a CL. Dependent variables for which data were collected included circulating progesterone levels at the time of transfer and CL diameter, area, and circumference; measured in millimeters. The total study (n = 274) consisted of both wet (n = 85) and dry (n = 189) cows and included both Bos indicus (Brahman-influenced) crossbred (n = 93) and Bos taurus (Angus-based) cows (n = 181). The experiment consisted of cows being placed in either the treated or control groups, with treated cows receiving a single 40 mg (1 mL) IM injection of Folltropin-V in hyaluronan on Day 5 and control cows receiving no additional injections. Results are shown in Table 1. Transfer rate, conception rate, and pregnancy rate were tested for significance with chi-square analysis and remaining statistics were analyzed with a t-test: two-sample assuming equal variances. There were no significant differences found between the treated and control groups for transfer rate, conception rate, or pregnancy rate. Corpus luteum diameter was shown to be larger in control cows (P < 0.05); however, CL area and circumference did not differ significantly. Folltropin-V given with hyaluronan at a 40-mg dose on Day 5 did not improve fertility, induce a larger CL, or increase circulating progesterone levels in synchronized beef recipients as hypothesized. Further work is needed with Folltropin-V in hyaluronan to determine if an alternative dose or timing of administration would be more appropriate for improving fertility in recipients. Table 1.Fertility data in beef recipients following synchronization for fixed-time embryo transfer with a protocol that included (Treated) or did not include (Control) FSH in hyaluronan

A new way to estimate the age of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) using ovarian corpora counts

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 840-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. George ◽  
E. Follmann ◽  
J. Zeh ◽  
M. Sousa ◽  
R. Tarpley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Balaena Mysticetus ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
Aspartic Acid Racemization ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Age Estimates

We used lengths and reproductive data for bowhead whales ( Balaena mysticetus L., 1758) harvested by Alaskan Eskimos to estimate female reproductive parameters and age. Data from 117 females determined that 75 were sexually mature and 42 were immature. Estimated length at sexual maturity was 13.35 m. Counts of ovarian corpora were obtained from 50 mature females. Corpora and baleen data were used with aspartic acid racemization (AAR) data to obtain estimated age at sexual maturity (ASM) at ≈26 years. The number of corpora counted in both ovaries (or estimated when only one ovary was counted) was used with ASM and estimated ovulation rate (OR) to obtain corpora age estimates ranging from 26 to 149 years. A stone harpoon tip recovered from whale 92B2 was consistent with her corpora age of 133 years. The correlation between corpora and AAR age estimates was 0.77. Estimated standard errors of corpora ages tended to be somewhat higher than those for comparable AAR ages. A sample of potentially mature females examined for maturity and presence of a corpus luteum and (or) fetus provided an OR value of 0.332·year–1 and an estimated pregnancy rate of 0.326·year–1, implying intervals between ovulations and pregnancies of 3.0 and 3.1 years.

scholarly journals Treatment of anoestrus local Iraqi buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) using different hormones - field study

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
Haddawi M. Dahham
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hormonal Treatments ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different hormonal treatments protocols (PGF2α ,GnRH, estradiol and progesterone) hormones on reproductive performance of postpartum anoestrus native dairy River buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), endemic south of Baghdad under field conditions . Present study was conducted on 128 animals that had postpartum anoestrus (PPA) for a period between 4 to 8 months. The animals were subjected to two experiments according to the type of anoestrus. In the first experiment 94 animals (73.5%) with persistent corpus luteum on their ovaries without any signs of estrous (sub-oestrus) were classified into two sub-groups.Sub-group1 (n=47) treated with PGF2α hormone alone and sub-group 2 (n= 47) were treated by two injections. The first injection was PGF2α. while the second injection GnRH+ PGF2α was injected after 9 days.In second experiment 34 buffalo cows without any structure on their ovaries (True anestrous) were classified into two sub-groups according to design of the treatment. Sub-group 1(n=14) was treated with estradiol as single injection. Sub-Group 2(n=20) received estradiol + progesterone .The results indicated that the pregnancy rate in sub- groups1 and 2 of the first experiment were 85.1% and 89% respectively , which was not significantly differ from each other (P < 0.05). While in the second experiment, the pregnancy rate for the first and second sub- groups were 71% and 75%, respectively. This study concluded that the prevailing situation of anestrous in postpartum buffaloes endemic south of Baghdad is anestrous with corpus luteum (Sub-oestrus) , 94 out of 128 (73.5%) , and the most efficient treatment protocol of these case are PGF2α + GnRH hormones ( pregnancy rate= 89%) . While estradiol + progesterone treatment are efficient in the treatment of animals suffering from true anestrous (pregnancy rate 75%).

161 EFFECT OF MELOXICAM TREATMENT ON PREGNANCY RATES IN HOLSTEIN HEIFERS

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
A. Guzeloglu ◽  
H. Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Critical Stage ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Flunixin Meglumine ◽  
Pregnancy Recognition

We previously reported that administration of flunixin meglumine two times at a critical stage approaching pregnancy recognition associated with corpus luteum maintenance increased early embryo survival and pregnancy rate via an additive antiluteolytic effect with the conceptus (Guzeloglu et al. 2006 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 18, 183). In this study, the objective was to determine if a single administration of meloxicam, a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with a longer half-life, could be used instead of flunixin meglumine to avoid repeated injections in heifers at a critical stage following insemination to increase pregnancy rate due to its inhibitory effect on PGF2� synthesis. Eighty-five 15-18-month-old Holstein heifers were synchronized; following insemination (Day 0), the heifers were randomly assigned to receive a subcutaneous meloxicam injection (0.5 mg kg-1; n = 37) in the afternoon of Day 15 or left untreated as controls (n = 48). Pregnancy rates were defined as the percentage of heifers diagnosed pregnant by ultrasound between Days 31 and 38 after AI. The effect of treatment on pregnancy rates was analyzed by chi-square test. Meloxicam treatment on Day 15 after insemination dramatically decreased the pregnancy rates in the heifers (25 of 48 (52%) in the control group vs. 9 of 37 (24.3%) in the meloxicam-treated group; P &lt; 0.01). This result indicates that administration of meloxicam around a time associated with pregnancy recognition and corpus luteum maintenance was harmful to the pregnancy even though the drug is considered to be safe during pregnancy in cattle. It is concluded that direct or indirect effects of meloxicam on the uterine environment and/or embryo are not favorable at least during early pregnancy in cattle. How meloxicam exerted its detrimental effect on pregnancy warrants further investigation.

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