DIRECT AND MATERNAL GENETICS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT FOR EGG QUALITY AND HATCHABILITY OF GIMMIZAH CHICKENS SELECTED FOR BODY WEIGHT

The present study was conducted to evaluate the optimum level of dietary inclusion and the form of feeding sapu-sapu fish (SSF) as a single protein source for feed components of small holder Mojosari duck farming. A total of 180 twenty four wk-old laying ducks were fed with two forms (sun-dried and ground-fresh) and three levels of SSF (10, 20 and 30%) from 24 to 32 wk of age. Experimental diets were formulated containing 105.1; 141.5 and 177.9 g/kg crude protein and 3078; 3065 and 3052 kcal metabolizable energy (ME) /kg diet. Production performance and egg quality were measured. The form of SSF had a significant effect (P<0.0001) on feed intake, egg production, feed conversion, egg mass and egg number except final body weight. No significant effects (P>0.05) were found on all of the performance parameters measured due to feeding levels of SSF except feed intake and final body weight. The interaction of form and feeding level was significant (P<0.05) on egg and body weights. Low performance and egg quality were observed in the birds fed a diet containing the dried SSF. It can be suggested that local ducks required 20% SSF as a single protein source for maximum egg production (41.2%) and total egg number per wk (3.1 eggs/bird/wk) during 8 wk of rearing period. Egg quality can be improved by feeding the fresh SSF. However, due to be sufficiently better processing technique, the dried SSF would be potential to replace the common fish for laying ducks.

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Estimates of (co)variance components and genetic parameters for body weights and growth efficiency traits in the New Zealand white rabbit

World Rabbit Science ◽

10.4995/wrs.2017.7057 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 329 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Sakthivel ◽

D. Balasubramanyam ◽

P. Kumarasamy ◽

H. Gopi ◽

A. Raja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

New Zealand ◽

Variance Components ◽

Environmental Effect ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Genetic Effect ◽

Growth Efficiency ◽

Body Weights ◽

Heritability Estimates

The genetic parameters of growth traits in the New Zealand White rabbits kept at Sheep Breeding and Research Station, Sandynallah, The Nilgiris, India were estimated by partitioning the variance and covariance components. The (co)variance components of body weights at weaning (W42), post-weaning (W70) and marketing (W135) age and growth efficiency traits viz., average daily gain (ADG), relative growth rate (RGR) and Kleiber ratio (KR) estimated on a daily basis at different age intervals (42 to 70 d; 70 to 135 d and 42 to 135 d) from weaning to marketing were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood, fitting 6 animal models with various combinations of direct and maternal effects. Data were collected over a period of 15 yr (1998 to 2012). A log-likelihood ratio test was used to select the most appropriate univariate model for each trait, which was subsequently used in bivariate analysis. Heritability estimates for W42, W70 and W135 were 0.42±0.07, 0.40±0.08 and 0.27±0.07, respectively. Heritability estimates of growth efficiency traits were moderate to high (0.18 to 0.42). Of the total phenotypic variation, maternal genetic effect contributed 14 to 32% for early body weight traits (W42 and W70) and ADG1. The contribution of maternal permanent environmental effect varied from 6 to 18% for W42 and for all the growth efficiency traits except for KR2. Maternal permanent environmental effect on most of the growth efficiency traits was a carryover effect of maternal care during weaning. Direct maternal genetic correlations, for the traits in which maternal genetic effect was significant, were moderate to high in magnitude and negative in direction. Maternal effect declined as the age of the animal increased. The estimates of total heritability and maternal across year repeatability for growth traits were moderate and an optimum rate of genetic progress seems possible in the herd by mass selection. The genetic and phenotypic correlations among body weights and between growth efficiency traits were also estimated. Moderate to high heritability and higher genetic correlation in body weight traits promise good scope for genetic improvement provided measures are taken to keep the inbreeding at the lowest level.

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CORRELATED RESPONSES IN EGG QUALITY TRAITS TO SELECTION FOR EARLY BODY WEIGHT IN MEAT-TYPE CHICKENS

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g72-060 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 477-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V. Buvanendran ◽

E. S. Merritt

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Correlated Response ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Correlated Responses ◽

Egg Weight ◽

Shell Color ◽

Blood Spots ◽

Selection For ◽

Meat Type

The correlated responses in egg quality traits to selection for high early body weight were studied in seven meat-type populations comprising five selected and two control lines. Traits studied were specific gravity, egg weight, albumen height, Haugh units, shell color, egg shape, shell roughness, wrinkling and asymmetry, and incidence of blood spots, meat spots and double yolks. Significant (P < 0.05 or < 0.01) correlated changes, as determined by the regression of correlated response (egg quality traits) on primary response (body weight), were obtained for egg weight, albumen height, Haugh units, asymmetry of shell and blood spots. All but blood spots increased with selection for high body weight. Shell color showed a consistent trend towards a darker color with increasing body weight. Scores for roughness of shell and, with one minor exception, the incidence of double yolks, also showed consistent trends (positive) with increasing body weight. Estimates of genetic correlations, derived directly from intra-line genetic analyses of the six pedigreed populations in the experiment, were in most cases in reasonable agreement with realized estimates.

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A genetic analysis of egg quality traits and their maternal influence on offspring-parental regressions of juvenile body weight performance in broiler chickens

Livestock Production Science ◽

10.1016/s0301-6226(97)00002-x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 203-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A.N.M. Koerhuis ◽

J.C. McKay ◽

W.G. Hill ◽

R. Thompson

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Genetic Analysis ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Maternal Influence ◽

Quality Traits

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Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with egg quality, egg production, and body weight in an F2 resource population of chickens1

Animal Genetics ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01394.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 106-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

M. A. Schreiweis ◽

P. Y. Hester ◽

P. Settar ◽

D. E. Moody

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Egg Production ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Resource Population ◽

Trait Loci

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The Effect of “Free Choice” Grain Feeding on Egg Production, Feed Consumption, Body Weight and Egg Quality

Poultry Science ◽

10.3382/ps.0230360 ◽

1944 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 360-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Clarence E. Lee ◽

J.C. Scholes ◽

C.L. Henry

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Egg Production ◽

Free Choice ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Feed Consumption

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Genetic variation in body weight of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)

Genome ◽

10.1139/g89-433 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 227-231

Author(s):

Terry D. Beacham

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Maternal Effects ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Pink Salmon ◽

Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽

Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽

In Captivity ◽

Factorial Mating ◽

Factorial Mating Design

A factorial mating design was used in which three males were mated to either two or three females in each of the three sets of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), and the juveniles were reared for 420 days after fry emergence. The parents used were derived from pink salmon that had been reared for one generation in captivity. Pink salmon families from this captive second generation were characterized by low growth rates, high within-family variance in juvenile weight, and low (< 0.11) heritability of juvenile weight. Maternal effects were estimated to account for about 20% of the observed variation in juvenile weight after the juveniles had been reared for 420 days. The observed results were postulated to be accounted for by variation in egg quality in the parental generation, presumably a consequence of an inadequate diet.Key words: development, genetics, growth, pink salmon, size.

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