VARIANCES OF DIRECT AND MATERNAL GENETIC EFFECTS FOR MILK YIELD AND ITS COMPOSITION IN A HERD OF FRIESIAN COWS IN EGYPT

Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic and non genetic effects on lactation curve traits determined by the incomplete gamma function of Wood (1967) for Holstein-Friesian cows in Morocco. Data analysed included 49262 monthly records of the test-day milk yield from 4888 lactations of 3932 cows at their 1st, 2nd or 3rd parity collected during 1990 and 1999 in 232 herds enrolled in the official milk recording. In general, lactation curve traits (A, B, C, peak time [Tmax], peak milk yield [Ymax], persistency and 305 day milk yield [MY305]) were affected by herd, parity, age at calving, season of calving and year of calving. Heritability estimates were low and varied from 0.01 for parameter A to 0.10 for Ymax. Genetic and phenotypic correlations among traits varied from −0.79 to 1.00 and from −0.80 to 0.96, respectively. Genetic correlations between MY305 and parameter C were negative, but those between MY305 and all the other lactation curve traits were positive. It was concluded that selection for high peak milk yield and persistency will result in higher 305 day milk yield.

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Study on Friesian Herds Raised in Egypt and Germany – I. Estimate of non-genetic effects and genetic parameters

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-43-101-2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 101-114

Author(s):

E. S. Tawfik ◽

M. K. Mohsen ◽

A. Y. Salem ◽

H. G. El-Awady

Keyword(s):

Least Squares ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Positive Association ◽

Genetic Effects ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Abstract Data ◽

Partial Linear ◽

Friesian Cows

Abstract. Data on 2422 and 27756 Friesian cows in Egypt and Germany, respectively, were used to estimate genetic and non-genetic effects on initial milk yield in 70 days (IMY), 305-day milk yield (305-dMY), lactation period (LP) and calving interval (CI). Data were collected in the period from 1987 to 1992 in Egypt and from 1979 to 1993 in Germany. Least Squares analysis shows the significant effect of season and year of calving and parity on all traits. Least Squares analysis indicates that winter and spring calvers had the higher value in all traits studied than summer and autumn calvers of Friesian cows in Egypt, while in German Friesian cows, the autumn calvers had the higher value in all traits studied than summer and spring calvers. The results show that the milk yield increased with increased lactation Orders. Partial linear and quadratic regression coefficients indicate that age at calving was negatively associated with CI, while it showed positive association with LP and 305-dMY in Friesian cows in Egypt, while in German Friesian cows age at calving was negatively associated with LP and CI, while associated positively with milk yield. Heritabilities were 0.24, 0.22, 0.14 and 0.16 for IMY, 305-dMY, LP and CI, respectively of Friesian cows in Egypt and were 0.34, 0.24, 0.08 and 0.09 for IMY, 305-dMY, LP and CI, respectively in German Friesian cows. All phenotypic and genetic correlations between different traits studied were positive and significant.

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A comparison of starchy and fibrous concentrates for milk production, energy utilization and hay intake by Friesian cows

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600080801 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 109 (2) ◽

pp. 375-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

J. D. Sutton ◽

J. A. Bines ◽

S. V. Morant ◽

D. J. Napper ◽

D. J. Givens

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Live Weight ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Energy Yield ◽

Carbohydrate Source ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Concentrate Inclusion ◽

Friesian Cows

SummaryTwenty-four Friesian cows were allocated to one of four diets for weeks 3–14 of lactation following 2 weeks on a common diet. The diets (kg air-dry feed/day) were 7–2 kg hay and 10·8 kg either starchy or fibrous concentrates (60S and 60F) or 3·5 kg hay and 14·0 kg either starchy or fibrous concentrates (80S and 80F). Rumen samples were taken by stomach tube in weeks 10 and 12 of lactation and the digestibility of the diets was measured with four cows per treatment during weeks 13 and 14. The digestibility of the same feeds was also measured in sheep at maintenance.The principal carbohydrate constituents of the concentrates were barley, wheat and cassava in the starchy concentrates and citrus pulp, sugar-beet pulp and wheat feed in the fibrous concentrates. The concentrates were designed to have similar concentrations of metabolizable energy (ME) and the diets were planned to provide similar intakes of digestible energy and crude protein.Milk yield and composition were very similar for treatments 60S and 60F. With the higher proportion of starchy concentrates (80S), milk yield was about 20% greater than on 60S, fat concentration fell severely but protein and lactose concentrations were unaffected. With the higher proportion of fibrous concentrates (80F), milk yield and the protein and lactose concentration were similar to values on 60F but fat concentration was lower, though not nearly so low as on 80S. Milk energy yield was reduced by the higher proportion of concentrates but was unaffected by type of carbohydrates. Live-weight changes were small.In both the sheep, consuming at maintenance, and the lactating cows consuming at about 3 times maintenance, digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and energy was higher with the higher concentrate diets but was unaffected by type of concentrate. The digestibility of fibre was greater with the fibrous concentrates but the effect of level of concentrate inclusion was inconsistent. Digestibility coefficients were consistently lower for the lactating cows than for the sheep.The proportion of acetic acid in the rumen volatile fatty acids in the cows was higher and the proportion of propionic acid was lower with the fibrous concentrates. The differences were much greater with the higher proportion of concentrates.During weeks 15–22 of lactation the cows were reallocated to concentrate treatments and given hay ad libitum. Hay intake was about 1 kg/day higher with the fibrous concentrates but the difference was not significant. Hay intake fell by about 0·6 kg/kg concentrate intake for both concentrate types. No significant differences in milk yield or composition were established, probably because of incomplete adaptation even after 8 weeks.It is concluded that at concentrate intakes of about 10 kg/day, the source of carbohydrate in the concentrates has little effect on milk production when the concentrates are of similar ME concentration. However, at higher levels of concentrate inclusion, although the diets may have similar ME concentrations, important differences in the yields of fat, protein and lactose occur due to carbohydrate source and these can be related to differences in rumen fermentation.

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The effect of space allowance and milk yield level on the performance and behaviour of dairy cattle housed in straw yards

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200597609 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 1998 ◽

pp. 108-108

Author(s):

J. A. Fregonesi ◽

J.D. Leaver

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Important Variable ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Ways Of Coping ◽

Yield Level ◽

Face Width ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Friesian Cows

Space allowance could be an important variable affecting production, health, reproductive performance and behaviour of dairy cattle. Also, high and low yielding cows may have different ways of coping with insufficient space allowance. The aim of this experiment was to study the influence of space allowance and milk yield level on the performance and behaviour of strawyard housed dairy cows.The experiment was carried out using 24 Holstein Friesian cows with two groups in early lactation of high (over 30 kg/day milk yield) and two groups in late lactation of low yield (under 25 kg/day milk yield). The groups were allocated to strawyard systems with low stocking density (bed area/cow = 9 m2; pen area/cow = 13.5 m2; feed face width/cow = 1.5 m) or high stocking density (bed area/cow = 4.5 m2; pen area/cow = 6.75 m2; feed face width/cow = 0.75m) conforming to a changeover design with two periods, each of four weeks. The cows were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum and 2kg/cow/day of concentrate in the milking parlour. All animals were milked twice daily.

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An examination of two concentrate allocation strategies which are based on the early lactation milk yield of autumn calving Holstein Friesian cows

animal ◽

10.1017/s1751731115002724 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 796-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Lawrence ◽

M. O’Donovan ◽

T.M. Boland ◽

E. Lewis ◽

E. Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Allocation Strategies ◽

Friesian Cows

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Comparison of yield, composition and quality of milk of Polish Holstein-Friesian cows in conventional and automatic milking systems

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2020-0101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Magdalena Kolenda ◽

Dariusz Piwczyński ◽

Marcin Brzozowski ◽

Beata Sitkowska ◽

Piotr Wójcik

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Fat Content ◽

Urea Content ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Automatic Milking ◽

Automatic Milking Systems ◽

Quality Of Milk ◽

L1 And L2 ◽

Friesian Cows

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in selected production and functional traits of Polish Holstein-Friesian cows after switching from a conventional (CMS) to an automatic milking system (AMS). The study consisted of 3398 Polish Holstein- Friesian dairy cows, from 16 herds in which CMS was changed to AMS. Cows were in their 1st (L1) or 2nd lactation (L2). The data consisted of milk yield [MY, kg], fat content [FC, %], protein content [PC, %], dry matter [DM, %], lactose content [LC, %], urea content [MU, mg/l], somatic cell count [SCC, thous./ml] and score [SCS, log]. The milking system had a significant impact on milk yield, fat, lactose, dry matter and urea contents. Regardless of lactation number, milk derived from CMS was characterised by higher values for FC, PC, DM SCC and SCS, while milk from AMS had higher MY, LC and MU. Multifactor analysis of variance also confirmed significant effect of herd, season, herd × milking system interaction on SCS in milk of cows in L1. In the studied herds change from CMS to AMS was evaluated separately for cows in L1 and L2. The transitioning from CMS to AMS resulted in the decrease of fat content in 6 L1 and 7 L2 herds, dry matter in 8 L1 and 5 L2 herds. SCS in milk also decreased in 4 L1 and 5 L2 herds. The change caused the increase of MY in 11 L1 and 9 L2 herds, lactose content in 6 L1 and 4 L2 herds and urea content in 9 L1 and 10 L2 herds. AMS may positively affect milk yield and health status, however, the change of milking system should be also accompanied by the change in herd management.

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Effect of dietary supplementation of pasture-based primiparous Holstein-Friesian cows with degummed crude canola oil on body condition score, liveweight, milk yield and composition

Journal of Applied Animal Research ◽

10.1080/09712119.2015.1031768 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 194-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.R. Otto ◽

P. Nish ◽

R.O. Balogun ◽

M.J. Freeman ◽

B.S. Malau-Aduli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Body Condition ◽

Canola Oil ◽

Body Condition Score ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Condition Score ◽

Friesian Cows

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Production responses by cows to grass-clover swards maintained at different heights with or without concentrate supplementation

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600024259 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 1993 ◽

pp. 99-99

Author(s):

C. A. Huckle ◽

A. J. Rook ◽

R. J. Wilkins

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Present Experiment ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Sward Height ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Lower Protein ◽

Mixed Grass ◽

Friesian Cows

Clements, Huckle and Wilkins (1991) reported that milk yield did not differ significantly between cows grazing grass-clover swards with compressed sward heights maintained at either 4.5 or 6 cm in early season. However, cows grazing the shorter sward produced milk with a lower protein concentration. The feeding of 4 kg concentrates/day resulted in an increase in milk yield at both sward heights but there was no effect on milk constituent concentrations. The present experiment was designed to investigate the effect of a wider range of sward heights and their interaction with concentrate supplementation.Forty eight, multiparous, Holstein Friesian cows with a mean calving date of 21 March were continuously stocked on mixed grass-clover swards. The cows were blocked by calving date, parity and milk yield and randomly allocated to one of six treatments, 0 (U) or 4 kg concentrate supplementation (S) with swards maintained at 4, 6 or 8 cm compressed sward height. Sward heights were maintained by adjusting the grazed area. The swards were permanent pastures which had received no fertilizer nitrogen.

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Postpartum anoestrous interval in first-lactation beef and dairy-beef crossbred cows

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an11288 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (7) ◽

pp. 478 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. E. Hickson ◽

R. L. Laven ◽

N. Lopez-Villalobos ◽

P. R. Kenyon ◽

S. T. Morris

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Pregnancy Rate ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Beef Breed ◽

Crossbred Cows ◽

Subsequent Fertility ◽

Jersey Cows ◽

Fertility Traits ◽

Dairy Breed ◽

Friesian Cows

In New Zealand, beef-breeding cows are required to wean a calf every year, and the weight of calf at weaning is a major driver of the efficiency of the breeding cow. Weaning weight can be increased by increasing milk yield of the cow such as by incorporating dairy breed genetics into the breeding cows, and by having early born calves which are, therefore, older at weaning. This experiment examined postpartum anoestrous interval and pregnancy rate to rebreeding in 109 beef-breed and beef-cross-dairy breed first-lactation cows suckling their own calves. Cows with a Jersey component had a shorter postpartum anoestrous interval than cows without (90 versus 97–101 days; P < 0.05). Pregnancy rates after 42 days of joining with bulls were 83–97% for straight-bred Angus, Angus-cross-Friesian, Angus-cross-Jersey and Angus-cross-Kiwicross (Friesian-cross-Jersey) cows, but only 41% for straight-bred Friesian cows (P < 0.05). For every day younger heifers reached puberty, postpartum anoestrous interval was reduced by 0.07 ± 0.02 days (P < 0.01) indicating that age at puberty could be used as a predictor of subsequent fertility. The Jersey-component cows offered advantages in fertility traits and may be worthwhile incorporating into beef-breeding cow herds.

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