beef breed
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

126
(FIVE YEARS 32)

H-INDEX

13
(FIVE YEARS 1)

Author(s):  
Tess E Altvater-Hughes ◽  
Douglas C Hodgins ◽  
Lauraine Wagter-Lesperance ◽  
Shannon C Beard ◽  
Shannon L Cartwright ◽  
...  

Abstract Immunoglobulin (Ig) G and natural antibody (NAb) IgM are passively transferred to the neonatal calf through bovine colostrum. Maternal IgG provides pathogen- or vaccine-specific protection and comprises about 85 percent of colostral Ig. Natural antibody IgM is less abundant but provides broad and non-specific reactivity, potentially contributing to protection against the dissemination of pathogens in the blood (septicemia) in a calf’s first days of life. In the dairy and beef industries, failure of passive transfer (FPT) of colostral Ig (serum total protein (STP) <5.2 g/dL) is still a common concern. The objectives of this study were to, i) compare colostral IgG concentrations and NAb-IgM titers between dairy and beef cows; ii) assess the effect of beef breed on colostral IgG; iii) compare passive transfer of colostral Ig in dairy and beef calves; and iv) estimate the heritability of colostral IgG and NAb-IgM. Colostrum was collected from Holstein dairy (n=282) and crossbred beef (n=168) cows at the University of Guelph dairy and beef research centres. Colostral IgG was quantified by radial immunodiffusion and NAb-IgM was quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In dairy (n=308) and beef (n=169) calves, STP was estimated by digital refractometry. Beef cows had significantly greater colostral IgG (146.5 ± 9.5 SEM g/L) than dairy cows (92.4 ± 5.2 g/L, p <0.01). Beef cows with a higher proportion of Angus ancestry had significantly lower colostral IgG (125.5 ± 5.8 g/L) than cows grouped as “Other” (142.5 ± 4.9 g/L, p= 0.02). Using the FPT cut-off, 13% of dairy and 16% of beef calves had FPT; still, beef calves had a significantly larger proportion with excellent passive transfer (STP ≥6.2 g/dL, p <0.01). The heritability of colostral IgG was 0.04 (± 0.14) in dairy and 0.14 (± 0.32) in beef. Colostral NAb-IgM titers in dairy (12.12 ± 0.22, log2 (reciprocal of titer)) and beef cows (12.03 ± 0.19) did not differ significantly (p=0.71). The range of NAb-IgM titers was 9.18 to 14.60, equivalent to a 42-fold range in antibody concentration. The heritability of colostral NAb was 0.24 (± 0.16) in dairy and 0.11 (± 0.19) in beef cows. This study is the first to compare colostral NAb-IgM between dairy and beef cows. Based on the range in NAb-IgM titers and the heritability, selective breeding may improve colostrum quality and protection for neonatal calves in the early days of life.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Ugnivenko ◽  
O. V. Natalych

In solving the problem of qualitative improvement of beef breeds, it is important to improve the methods of practical use of existing parent couples selection methods, using histocompatibility antigens, polymorphic proteins and blood group systems. The purpose of the thesis is to determine the influence of homogeneous and heterogeneous selection of parent couples by blood group factors on the weight and linear growth of bulls of Ukrainian beef breed. The Ukrainian beef breed was bred using four breeds and is characterized by high variability in polymorphic features. The type of parent selection was determined by the index of B antigen similarity (ras) of cattle blood groups. The formula of D.A. Zhyvotovskyi and A.M. Mashurov was used to calculate the index of antigenic similarity of parents. Selection by ras of parents ≥ 0,268 was considered homogeneous, and by ras ≤ 0,267 heterogeneous. It has been proven that bulls that are descended from their parents with more ras pravail in the test on average daily gains and have a higher live weight. If ras of the parents is over 0.268, animals tend to improve their growth rate up to 8 months of age. After weaning this trend persists. The average daily gain of bulls obtained from parents with ras up to 0.267 is better in the period from 15 to 18 months, which indicates their lower precocity. If the antigenic similarity index of parents is more than 0.268, the animals are better in terms of the severity of meat forms at the age of 15 and 18 months. At the age of 15 months, bulls obtained from homogeneous selection by ras have smaller height measurements, better developed front of the torso in width and depth of the chest, longer torso and buttocks. Homogeneous selection of parental couples according to the B antigen similarity index of blood groups leads to improvement of weight growth and severity of meat forms of bulls of Ukrainian beef breed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 103250
Author(s):  
Sanna Hietala ◽  
Hannele Heusala ◽  
Juha-Matti Katajajuuri ◽  
Kirsi Järvenranta ◽  
Perttu Virkajärvi ◽  
...  

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-648
Author(s):  
Lucy Coleman ◽  
Penny Back ◽  
Hugh Blair ◽  
Nicolas López-Villalobos ◽  
Rebecca Hickson

Beef-breed bulls are used in dairy herds to produce a calf of greater value for finishing than calves sired by dairy bulls. There is limited research about which beef-breed bulls are most appropriate, and whether any negative impact on cow performance in terms of milk production and rebreeding should be considered. The aim of this case study was to compare the body condition score, milk production, and rebreeding performance of mixed-aged dairy cows bred to a selection of Angus and Hereford beef-breed bulls. Body condition score, post-calving live weight, milk production, rebreeding performance, and survival of 952 mixed-aged dairy cows artificially bred to 65 Angus and Hereford bulls were compared. There was no effect of service sire on post-calving live weight, days in milk, milk production, or inter-calving intervals of mixed-aged cows. Service sire had an effect on the calving day due to differences in gestation length (p < 0.001), although this did not translate into an effect on days in milk. A longer gestation length negatively influenced pregnancy rates, and greater birth weight of the calf negatively influenced survival to rebreeding (p < 0.05), indicating the potential for an effect of service sire. Selection of beef-breed service sires for dairy cows should include emphasis on lighter calves and shorter gestation lengths. The general absence of the service sire effect on the parameters measured in this study indicated that any of the service sires used in this experiment would be appropriate for use over dairy cows.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Martín ◽  
Lucy Coleman ◽  
Nicolás López-Villalobos ◽  
Nicola Schreurs ◽  
Stephen Morris ◽  
...  

On average, half of the animal’s estimated breeding value (EBV) is passed on to their progeny. However, it is not known how the performance of beef-cross-dairy cattle relates to the EBV of their beef sire. Such information is required to determine the genetic potential of beef sires selected based on existing EBV to be used on dairy cows in New Zealand. This study evaluated the relationship between the EBV of 30 Angus and 34 Hereford sires and the performance of their progeny for birth, growth, and carcass traits, via progeny testing of 975 beef-cross-dairy offspring born to dairy cows and grown on hill country pasture. Overall, BREEDPLAN EBV did predict progeny performance of the beef-cross-dairy cattle from this study. Gestation length and birthweight increased with increasing sire EBV (mean 0.37–0.62days and 0.52–0.64kg, respectively, p&lt;0.05). Age at weaning decreased with increasing sire EBV for liveweight at 200days (0.17–0.21days per extra kilo of sire EBV, p&lt;0.05) but sire EBV for liveweight at 200days had no effect on the liveweight of the progeny at 200days for either breed (p&gt;0.05). Liveweight increased with sire EBV for liveweight at 400, 600, and 800days, by a similar amount for both breeds (between 0.23 and 0.42kg increase in progeny liveweight per extra kilo of sire EBV, p&lt;0.05). The relationships were more inconsistent for carcass traits. For Hereford, carcass weight and eye muscle area increased with increasing sire EBV (0.27kg and 0.70cm2, respectively, p&lt;0.05). For Angus, marble score increased by 0.10 with 1% extra in sire EBV for intramuscular fat (p&lt;0.05). Rib fat depth tended to increase with sire EBV for both breeds (p&lt;0.1). EBV derived from beef-breed data work in dairy-beef systems but maybe slightly less than the expected 0.5units of performance per unit of EBV. New Zealand farmers should consider BREEDPLAN EBV when selecting sires to mate dairy cows or when buying beef-cross-dairy calves for beef production, to ensure the resulting calves are born safely and on time and then grow well to produce carcasses of suitable meat and fat composition.


Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-395
Author(s):  
Lucy Coleman ◽  
Penny Back ◽  
Hugh Blair ◽  
Nicolas López-Villalobos ◽  
Rebecca Hickson

Production of beef-cross-dairy calves from dairy cows increases the value of non-replacement calves born to the dairy herd. The use of beef-breed sires may impact on calf birth weight, gestation length and pre-weaning growth rate of calves, which in turn influences the profitability of the dairy farm. The aim of this case study was to compare the birth weight, gestation length, and pre-weaning growth of progeny born to mixed-aged dairy cows on a single farm which were artificially bred to a selection of Angus and Hereford bulls, typical of those used over dairy herds in New Zealand. The birth weight, gestation length and pre-weaning growth of 980 calves sired by 65 sires were compared. Mean progeny birth weight (range 33.3–41.4 kg), gestation length (range 276.1–288.6 days), age at weaning (range 70.3–88.3 days) and pre-weaning ADG (range 0.63–0.76 kg/d) differed among sires (p < 0.001). There was a negative genetic correlation (−0.31) and positive phenotypic correlation (0.36) between gestation length and birth weight. Age at weaning was negatively correlated with birth weight (genetic: −0.56, phenotypic: −0.57). Bulls used in this study, and other bulls with similar genetic merit for birth weight and gestation length would be suitable for mating mixed-aged dairy cows in New Zealand.


2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
L. O. Dedova ◽  
M. I. Bashchenko ◽  
Yu. V. Vdovychenko

Introduction. When creating the Simmental beef breed of cattle during many years carried out researches to study the effectiveness of the use of meat Simmentals of foreign selection in crossbreeding with cows of Simmental breed of domestic selection. Were created the herds of the desirable type by breeding "in themselves" animals, that meet the requirements of the target standard, formed a genealogical structure. Now carry out the work with related groups of cattle of the created Simmental meat breed, which are the basis for the creation of further lines, but the growth and development of animals of different related groups have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, the study problems of growth and development of repair heifers of different related groups has not only theoretical, but also practical importance. The purpose of our researches was to study the dynamics of linear growth and weight development of heifers of different related groups of the created Simmental meat breed. Research materials and methods. The researches was carried out on heifers of different related groups of the created Simmental meat breed in PJSC "Dniprovske" of Boryspil district of Kyiv region. To analyze the growth and development of heifers were formed groups of animals depending on their belongings to related groups of 15 heads in each: I Group – Metz 5290; II – Achilles 369; III – Abricot 58311; IV – Huxla 19223; V – Hercules 8942 and VI – Signal 120. Research results. It was determined, that heifers of the II group, which belong to the related group of Achilles 369, by live weight at all ages of periods surpass to peers. Thus, at 18 months of age the advantage of heifers of the II group by live weight in comparison with to peers of the I, III, IV, V and VI groups was 4.1; 3.0; 5.0; 14.1 and 11.4 kg. In heifers of related groups Hercules 8942 and Signal 120, the coefficients of variability of live weight at birth in which were the lowest, and in the following age periods they little changed, therefore at 18 months of age in these heifers they were the highest, comparison with analogues, and was to 8.4 and 9.2%, respectively. When studying the exterior of heifers of different related groups it was determined, that newborn heifers of the I group, which belong to the related group of Metz 5290, surpass their peers in height indicators. Their the height at the withers and the height at the sacrum were 74.0 and 79.1 cm, which is 0.6; 1.3; 2.1; 3.2 and 2.6 cm and is 0.3; 1.2; 2.9; 3.6 and 3.2 cm more than in analogues of the II, III, IV, V and VI groups, respectively. The best indicators of latitudinal measurements had the heifers of the III group, which belong to the related group Abricot 58311. In heifers of this group the width of the chest was 17.6 cm, width in the hip joints – 21.8 cm, width in the hips – 18.1 cm, and width in the ischial tubercles – 12.6 cm. The depth of the chest and the girth of the chest behind the shoulder blades were the highest in heifers of the I group, which belong to the related group of Metz 5290. They were 32.2 and 79.6 cm, respectively. When analyzing the measurements of heifers at 18 months of age, it was determined, that the height indicators had advantage by heifers of the II group, which belong to the related group of Achilles 369. Their, the height at the withers and height at the sacrum were 124.5 and 129.8 cm, which is 0.3; 1.3; 2.5; 5.3 and 4.2 cm and is 0.9; 2.2; 4.1; 6.6 and 5.9 cm more than in analogues of the I, III, IV, V and VI groups, respectively. The best indicators of latitudinal measurements had the heifers of the III group, which belong to the related group of Abricot 58311, since they had increases of measurements width of the chest, width in the hip joints, width in the hips and width in the ischial tubercles for the period from birth to 18 months of age the highest comparison with peers. Such indicators as depth of the chest and the girth of the chest behind the shoulder blades were highest in heifers of the II group, which belong to the related group of Achilles 369. Their increases of measurements depth of the chest and the girth of the chest behind the shoulder blades for the period from birth to 18 months of age also were highest comparison with peers and were 35.5 and 94.2 cm, respectively. Conclusions. It was determined, that the animals of the related group of Achilles 369 at all ages of periods had a large live weight in comparison with their analogues. The lowest coefficient of variability of live weight at 18 months of age was in heifers of the related group Abrikot 58311 and amounted to 6.5%. Heifers of the related group of Achilles 369 had the highest indicators of the following measurements: height at the withers (124.5 cm), height at the sacrum (129.8 cm), depth of the chest (67.4 cm), girth of chest behind the shoulder blades (173.1 cm) and oblique length of body (146.4 cm). The highest latitudinal measurements were observed in the heifers of the related group Abrikot 58311. Thus, the width of the chest was 49.9 cm, the width in the hip joints was 42.2 cm, the width in the hips was 43.3 cm, and the width in the ischial tubercles was 29.2 cm. Heifers of the related group Metz 5290 had the highest half-girth croup (110.2 cm) and girth of metacarpus (18.4 cm). In general, heifers of all groups showed good energy of growth and a typical for beef cattle exterior.


2021 ◽  
pp. 290-294
Author(s):  
Levina

The work was carried out in the conditions of OOO "Bryansk Meat Company" in Tula, Kaluga and Oryol regions. In the period from October to December 2020, we examined 235 animals of beef breed, of which 86 cows (2–3 years old), 90 calves (7–8 months old) and 59 stud bulls (1.5–2 years old) were of the Aberdeen Angus breed. According to the results of morphological studies, a mite of the genus Chorioptes bovis was diagnosed. The epizootological situation with respect to Chorioptes bovis was studied for three farms "Belolipka" in the Tula region, "Uteshevo" in the Kaluga region and "Rabotkogo" in the Oryol region. The keeping in the farms of OOO «BMK» is loose; in summer, the animals are driven to natural pastures, and in winter, they are in winter enclosures. To confirm the diagnosis of chorioptosis, a deep scraping with an abdominal scalpel in the area of the tailhead in the center of the lesion was taken before the appearance of the ichor. The approximate area of the skin lesion was 10–20 cm2 . We have established the greatest prevalence 93.8% with an intensity of invasion 33.1(12–49)±1.02 specimens/cm2 , which were detected in the Oryol region, as well as the lowest prevalence 80% with intensity of invasion 24.8(10–42)±0.96 specimens/cm2 in the Kaluga region.


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Esther D McCabe ◽  
Mike E King ◽  
Karol E Fike ◽  
Glenn M Rogers ◽  
Kenneth G Odde

Abstract The objective was to determine the effect of beef-dairy cross breed description as compared to Holstein and beef breed descriptions on the sale price of steer calf lots sold through Superior Livestock Auction in 2020 summer video sales. Data were available on 589 lots of weaned steer calves sold via six video auctions during the summer of 2020. Steer lots from the Rocky Mountain/North Central and South Central regions were included in the analysis. All lot characteristics that could be accurately quantified or categorized were used to develop a multiple regression model that evaluated effects of independent factors on sale price using backwards selection. A value of P &lt; 0.05 was used to maintain a factor in the final model. Based upon reported breed descriptions, lots were subsequently categorized into one of five breed groups: 1) English-English cross, 2) English-Continental cross, 3) Brahman influenced, 4) Holstein, and 5) Beef-dairy cross. The mean weight of weaned steer calves was 277.5 ± 60.1 kg. Among weaned steer calf lots, Holstein lots sold for the lowest (P &lt; 0.05) sale price ($113.21/45.36 kg of BW;Table1). Beef-dairy cross lots sold for the second lowest (P &lt; 0.05) sale price ($153.07/45.36 kg of BW), but were only $15.21/45.36 kg of BW below English-English cross. Brahman-influenced lots sold for the third lowest (P &lt; 0.05) sale price ($160.30/45.36 kg of BW). English-Continental cross lots sold for the second greatest (P &lt; 0.05) sale price at $164.01/45.36 kg of BW. English-English cross lots sold for the greatest (P &lt; 0.05) sale price ($168.38/45.36 kg of BW) compared with all other breed descriptions. Beef-dairy cross steer calves were closer in value to beef combinations than to Holstein steer calves.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
A. M. Ugnivenko ◽  
L. A. Koropets

In beef cattle breeding, the reproductive capacity of bulls significantly affects the economic efficiency of production. Selection for the meat productivity can negatively affect the ability of bulls to reproduce, so it is necessary to consider the risks of such a connection when selecting them. The study determined the rate of manifestation of Ukrainian beef breed bulls sexual reflexes of different body types and severity of meat forms. According to the type of body structure of bulls divided into two groups: large (high and long-bodied) and compact (low and short-bodied). The distribution performed using the growth index. The severity of meat forms of bulls was determined at 15 months of age on a 60-point scale. The animals on meat forms divided into two groups compared with the average score of experimental bulls. The degree of sexual activity manifestation assessed by the duration of sexual reflexes from bringing the bools to the stuffed animal to the mating attempt. According to the manifestation of libido, animals divided into three groups: active – mating attempt to cage from 10 to 60 seconds, moderate – from 60 to 120 seconds and slow – the time before the mating attempt lasted more than 120 seconds. Subsequently, in experimental bulls recorded the duration of productive use period, the number of leads to the stuffed animal and mating attempts to it and the number of received and rejected ejaculates. It found that the tendency of the distribution of active moderate and slow manifestation of sexual reflexes in bulls of different body types and development of meat forms is similar. In bulls of different groups, moderate sexual activity most often observed, but specific tendencies observed within the groups. The share of high sexual activity was higher in compact bulls compared to large coeval animals. Among animals grouped by the development of meat forms, the share of high sexual activity higher in bulls with better expressed meat forms. In the future, large bulls tend to increase the duration of productive use, predominate in the share of mating attempt and are characterized by a decrease in the share of ejaculate culling. Bulls with better meat forms tend to increase the duration of productive use due to their higher breeding value in terms of meat productivity. No difference was found in the proportion of mating attempts and the percentage of culled ejaculates between animals with different manifestations of meat forms. The obtained results prove that for intensive use at a young age more suitable bulls of compact type, and in adulthood more effective large sires. Better development of meat forms somewhat reduces the sexual activity of young bulls. At a more mature age, the results of the use of bulls are practically unaffected by meat forms.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document