scholarly journals Fifty-two-Week Treatment With Diet and Exercise Plus Transdermal Testosterone Reverses the Metabolic Syndrome and Improves Glycemic Control in Men With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes and Subnormal Plasma Testosterone

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Heufelder ◽  
F. Saad ◽  
M. C. Bunck ◽  
L. Gooren
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Diet And Exercise

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome: what is it and what are the implications?

2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. I. Shaw ◽  
W. L. Hall ◽  
C. M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diet And Exercise

Obesity and overweight are linked with a cluster of metabolic and vascular disorders that have been termed the metabolic syndrome. Although there is not yet a universally-accepted set of diagnostic criteria, most expert groups agree that the syndrome is characterised by impaired insulin sensitivity and hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia (elevated blood triacyglycerols with depressed HDL-cholesterol), abdominal obesity and hypertension. Based on existing published criteria estimates suggest that the syndrome affects a substantial percentage of the middle-aged and elderly populations of most European countries (10–20%) and confers increased risk of type 2 diabetes (2–8.8-fold) and CVD (1.5–6-fold), as well as having a marked effect on morbidity. Although the pathophysiology is incompletely understood, insulin resistance and abdominal obesity are central to subsequent abnormalities in circulating glucose and lipoproteins, and vascular function that lead to type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and CVD. The link between metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and CVD, as well as inability to reverse the present rising rates of obesity, will lead to economically-unsustainable costs of health care in the next 10–20 years. Preventative strategies for metabolic syndrome are required to slow rates of progression and to reduce dependence on costly medical management. A notable development is recent evidence that shows that diet and exercise are more effective than drug treatment in preventing the development of type-2 diabetes in high-risk individuals. The LIPGENE project will investigate dietary fat quality as a strategy for the prevention of metabolic syndrome and identify food chain approaches that can support consumer attempts to alter their dietary patterns.

Prevalence of components of the metabolic syndrome in schoolchildren with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuhiko Urakami ◽  
Junichi Suzuki ◽  
Ayako Yoshida ◽  
Hiroshi Saito ◽  
Mika Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals The role of testosterone in type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in men

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 901-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Saad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Levels

Over the last three decades, it has become apparent that testosterone plays a significant role in glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of risk factors predisposing to diabetes mellitus type 2, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The main components of the syndrome are visceral obesity, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, raised blood pressure and dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and a pro-inflammatory and thrombogenic state. Cross-sectional epidemiological studies have reported a direct correlation between plasma testosterone and insulin sensitivity, and low testosterone levels are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, dramatically illustrated by androgen deprivation in men with prostate carcinoma. Lower total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) predict a higher incidence of the metabolic syndrome. There is evidence that hypotestosteronemia should be an element in the definition of the metabolic syndrome since low levels of testosterone are associated with or predict the development of the metabolic syndrome and of diabetes mellitus. Administration of testosterone to hypogonadal men reverses part of the unfavorable risk profile for the development of diabetes and atherosclerosis. So far, studies on the effects of normalization of testosterone in hypogonadal men on glucose homeostasis are limited, but convincing, and if diabetes mellitus is viewed in the context of the metabolic syndrome, the present results of testosterone treatment are very encouraging.

Hypovitaminosis D in type 2 diabetes: relation with features of the metabolic syndrome and glycemic control

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inka Miñambres ◽  
Jose Luis Sánchez-Quesada ◽  
Irene Vinagre ◽  
Joan Sánchez-Hernández ◽  
Eulalia Urgell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome in patients with primary aldosteronism of the German Conn's Registry

2015 ◽  
Vol 173 (5) ◽  
pp. 665-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Hanslik ◽  
Henri Wallaschofski ◽  
Anna Dietz ◽  
Anna Riester ◽  
Martin Reincke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

DesignAbnormalities in glucose homeostasis have been described in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) but most studies show inconsistent results. Therefore, we aimed to compare the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in newly diagnosed PA patients to a matched control cohort of the background population.MethodsIn total, 305 PA patients of the prospective German Conn's Registry were compared to the population-based Study of Health In Pomerania (SHIP1;n=2454). A 1:1 match regarding sex, age, and BMI resulted in 269 matched pairs regarding type 2 diabetes and 183 matched pairs regarding MetS. Of the total, 153 PA patients underwent oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) at diagnosis and 38 PA patients were reevaluated at follow-up.ResultsType 2 diabetes and MetS were significantly more frequent in PA patients than in the control population (17.2% vs 10.4%,P=0.03; 56.8% vs 44.8%,P=0.02 respectively). Also, HbA1c levels were higher in PA patients than in controls (P<0.01). Of the total, 35.3% of non-diabetic PA patients showed an abnormal OGTT (¼ newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and ¾ impaired glucose tolerance). PA patients with an abnormal OGTT at baseline presented with significantly improved 2 h OGTT glucose (P=0.01) at follow-up. We detected a negative correlation between 2 h OGTT glucose levels and serum potassium (P<0.01).ConclusionsType 2 diabetes and MetS are more prevalent in patients with PA than in controls matched for sex, age, BMI, and blood pressure. This may explain in part the increased cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality in PA patients.

scholarly journals High prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in Denmark

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Steen Nielsen ◽  
Reimar W Thomsen ◽  
Sinna Pilgaard Ulrichsen ◽  
Anil Mor ◽  
Jacob Volmer Stidsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Diabetes Patients

scholarly journals The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome Defined by IDF or Revised NCEP on Glycemic control in Malaysians with Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riyadh Saif-Ali ◽  
Nor Azmi Kamaruddin ◽  
Molham AL-Habori ◽  
Sami A Al-Dubai ◽  
Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Abstract BackgroundChronic complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus such as macrovascular disease is amplified with the increase in the number of the metabolic syndrome (MeS) risk factors. Specific criteria for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome are essential to help in glycemic control and reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome.Methods The study involved 485 Type 2 DM patients who are receiving treatment at the University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Metabolic syndrome among the Type 2 DM patients was diagnosed based on IDF and NCEP-R criteria. The C-peptide and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were determined by an automated quantitative immunoassay analyzer and high-performance liquid chromatography respectively. The metabolic syndrome factors, glucose, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol were measured by spectrophotometerResultsApplication of IDF and NCEP-R criteria respectively resulted in 73% and 85% of Type 2 DM subjects being diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. The concordance of these criteria in diagnosing metabolic syndrome among Type 2 DM was low (kappa=0.33, P<0.001). Both IDF and NCEP-R criteria indicated that Type 2 DM with five criteria of metabolic syndrome had higher insulin resistance (P=2.1×10-13, P=1.4×10-11), C-peptide (P=1.21×10-13; 4.1×10-11), blood glucose (P=0.01; 0.021) and HbA1c (P=0.039; 0.018) than those Type 2 DM without metabolic syndrome respectively.ConclusionHowever, there is a low concordance between IDF and NCEP-R criteria in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome among Type 2 DM, both criteria showed that type 2 DM with five criteria of metabolic syndrome had higher insulin resistance, blood glucose and HbA1c.

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