scholarly journals The need for speed – rapid evolution of microbiological testing in drinking water

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Patrick A. Whalen ◽  
Dan Kroll ◽  
Peter Gallant
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Microbiological Testing

scholarly journals Broader incubation temperature tolerances for microbial drinking water testing with enzyme substrate tests

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Matthews ◽  
Rosalind Tung
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Water Testing ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Laboratory Facilities ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

Microbiological testing is an integral part of measures to ensure safe drinking water. However, testing can be restricted in low-resource settings by the requirement for specialized laboratory facilities and testing procedures. Precisely controlled incubation temperature is one example. The effect of varied incubation temperatures on the performance of two enzyme substrate tests for the detection of Escherichia coli and total coliforms has been examined. The aim was to determine whether these tests would provide consistent and comparable enumeration over a broader temperature range than currently specified. Recovery of chlorine-injured and wild type E. coli was examined over a range of non-standard incubation temperatures in comparison to 37 °C ± 1. Colilert® and Aquatest, a new E. coli-specific detection medium, served as the two representative enzyme substrate media. Recovery of chlorine-injured E. coli in Colilert was not impaired within the range 33–39 °C; the equivalent range in Aquatest medium was 31–43 °C. Both these tests recovered E. coli without significant loss of performance over a wider range of temperatures than currently specified.

Coupling microbiological testing and sanitary surveys in drinking water quality programs: results from Capiz Province, Philippines

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Molly Patrick ◽  
Susan Murcott ◽  
Jarvis Punsalan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Quality Test ◽  
Chlorine Residual ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Microbiological Testing

Developing countries often struggle to conduct laboratory-based water quality testing programs due to a lack of financial and technical resources. However, inexpensive, accurate, field-based tests are being developed which have the potential to overcome this barrier. This paper provides the results of an initiative by the Provincial Health Office in Capiz, Philippines, to conduct a first-ever, provincial, microbiological water quality test program. The effort was a collaboration with students from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which aimed to identify sources most at risk, to test field-based analytical methods against standard methods, and to make recommendations for improving supplies in the short and long term. The microbiological, chlorine residual, and sanitary survey results are described in this paper. The results showed that there was an increasing trend in water quality from ‘unimproved’ to treated and/or piped supplies, but that many ‘improved’ point sources were contaminated. Less than 20% of the samples tested for chlorine residual were above the World Health Organization guideline. Sanitary surveys identified potential sources of contamination and were used to recommend priorities for remedial action. The implications of this work for other resource-limited areas are that microbiological testing and sanitary surveys are two essential components to assessing water safety and they should both be consistently applied in drinking water quality test programs.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN HYGIENE PENJAMAH DENGAN JUMLAH COLIFORM PADA DEPOT AIR MINUM ISI ULANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 844-849
Author(s):  
Eti Sumiati ◽  
Herlinawati Herlinawati
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Water Borne

Peningkatan kebutuhan akan air minum yang sehat dan praktis mendorong tumbuhnya Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang (DAMIU) dan hal ini merupakan dasar pilihan masyarakat untuk menggunakan air isi ulang, DAMIU berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi kesehatan konsumen jika tidak ada regulasi yang efektif, Isu yang terjadi saat ini adalah rendahnya jaminan kualitas terhadap air minum yang dihasilkan. Jika tidak dikendalikan dengan maksimal, akan menimbulkan kerugian bagi kesehatan konsumen. Misalnya keracunan zat kimia persisten maupun penyebaran penyakit melalui air (water borne disease). Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui  hubungan hygiene penjamah dengan jumlah coliform air minum pada DAMIU di Kecamatan Gunung Jati Kabupaten Cirebon Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini adalah explanatory research dengan rancangan cross sectional study, populasi penelitian adalah seluruh  Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang (DAMIU) yang berada di wilayah Kecamatan Gunung Jati Kabupaten Cirebon yang terdiri dari 28 DAMIU. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik Total sampling yaitu sebanyak 28 DAMIU. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar kuesioner dan observasi serta botol sampel yang sudah disteril untuk pengambilan sampel pengujian mikrobiologis air minum. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis secara statistik dengan  menggunakan Uji Chi Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan 5% (0,05). Hasil uji statistik didapatkan bahwa variabel hygiene penjamah DAMIU (p=0,000) berhubungan dengan variabel coliform (p=0,05) atau dikatakan juga bahwa meningkatnya jumlah coliform pada DAMIU di Kecamatan Gunung Jati berhubungan dengan tingkat higyene penjamahnya.Kata Kunci : Hygiene Penjamah, Coliform, DAMIU ABSTRACTIncreased demand for safe drinking water and practically encourage the growth Depot Water Refill (DAMIU) and this is the basis of people's choice to use water refill, DAMIU potentially negative impact on the health of consumers if there is no effective regulation, Issue happened today is the low quality assurance of the drinking water produced. If not controlled to the maximum, it will cause harm to the health of consumers. Eg persistent chemical poisoning and the spread of disease through water (water borne disease). The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship of hygiene handlers by the number of coliform in drinking water in DAMIU Gunung Jati Subdistrict Cirebon Regency Year 2016. This research is explanatory research with cross sectional study, the study population was the whole Depot Water Refill (DAMIU) which located in the District Gunung Jati Cirebon comprising 28 DAMIU. The sampling was done by using total sampling as many as 28 DAMIU. Methods of data collection using interviews, observations and laboratory tests. The instruments used are questionnaires and observation sheets and sample bottles that have been sterilized for sampling microbiological testing of drinking water. The data were statistically analyzed using Chi Square test with significance level of 5% (0.05) The results of statistical test showed that the variables handlers DAMIU hygiene (p = 0.000) associated with coliform variables (p = 0.05) or say also that increasing the number of coliform DAMIU in District Gunung Jati associated with penjamahnya higyene level.Keywords: Hygiene handlers, Coliform, Depot Water Refill

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

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