Salmonella and the changing environment: systematic review using New York State as a model

AbstractSalmonella is a public health concern, for which a complex interplay between host, agent, and environment exists. An improved understanding of causal processes can be used to better gauge the causes and trajectory of Salmonella in a changing environment. This would be useful in determining the impact of climate change on the New York State (NYS) environment, the effect of climate change on Salmonella in NYS, factors contributing to Salmonella vulnerability in humans, and aspects of climate change and Salmonella which necessitate further research. A systematic review was conducted to study associations between Salmonella and the environment. Using the search criteria, a total of 91 relevant articles were identified from four electronic databases. Key information was abstracted, organized, and synthesized to identify causal processes and linkages between climate change, the environment of NYS, and Salmonella-related outcomes, as well as risk factors to characterize Salmonella vulnerabilities. Three inter-related domains were identified for consideration and application to epidemiological research to confirm and extrapolate disease patterns using climate change scenarios: improved quantification of causal relationships, inclusion of factors linked to sectors not immediately associated with the exposure and outcome, and increased capacity to validate models in diverse settings.

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Quantifying the Potential of Renewable Natural Gas to Support a Reformed Energy Landscape: Estimates for New York State

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14133834 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (13) ◽

pp. 3834

Author(s):

Stephanie Taboada ◽

Lori Clark ◽

Jake Lindberg ◽

David J Tonjes ◽

Devinder Mahajan

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

New York ◽

Natural Gas ◽

New York State ◽

Hydrogen Gas ◽

Public Attention ◽

York State ◽

Ghg Reduction ◽

Renewable Natural Gas ◽

The Impact

Public attention to climate change challenges our locked-in fossil fuel-dependent energy sector. Natural gas is replacing other fossil fuels in our energy mix. One way to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) impact of fossil natural gas is to replace it with renewable natural gas (RNG). The benefits of utilizing RNG are that it has no climate change impact when combusted and utilized in the same applications as fossil natural gas. RNG can be injected into the gas grid, used as a transportation fuel, or used for heating and electricity generation. Less common applications include utilizing RNG to produce chemicals, such as methanol, dimethyl ether, and ammonia. The GHG impact should be quantified before committing to RNG. This study quantifies the potential production of biogas (i.e., the precursor to RNG) and RNG from agricultural and waste sources in New York State (NYS). It is unique because it is the first study to provide this analysis. The results showed that only about 10% of the state’s resources are used to generate biogas, of which a small fraction is processed to RNG on the only two operational RNG facilities in the state. The impact of incorporating a second renewable substitute for fossil natural gas, “green” hydrogen, is also analyzed. It revealed that injecting RNG and “green” hydrogen gas into the pipeline system can reduce up to 20% of the state’s carbon emissions resulting from fossil natural gas usage, which is a significant GHG reduction. Policy analysis for NYS shows that several state and federal policies support RNG production. However, the value of RNG can be increased 10-fold by applying a similar incentive policy to California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS).

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The Impact of Priority School Designation Under ESEA Flexibility in New York State

Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness ◽

10.1080/19345747.2019.1679930 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 121-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Drew Atchison

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York State ◽

York State ◽

Priority School ◽

The Impact

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Evaluating the impact of three incentive programs on the economics of cofiring willow biomass with coal in New York State

Energy Policy ◽

10.1016/j.enpol.2003.08.004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 337-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Pradeep J Tharakan ◽

Timothy A Volk ◽

Christopher A Lindsey ◽

Lawrence P Abrahamson ◽

Edwin H White

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York State ◽

York State ◽

Incentive Programs ◽

The Impact

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The Impact of the New York State Milk Price Gouging Law on the Price Transmission Process and Supermarket Pricing Strategies in the Fluid Whole Milk Market

Agribusiness ◽

10.1002/agr.21304 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 377-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yuliya V. Bolotova ◽

Andrew M. Novakovic

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York State ◽

Price Transmission ◽

Pricing Strategies ◽

York State ◽

Transmission Process ◽

Whole Milk ◽

Price Gouging ◽

Milk Market ◽

The Impact

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The impact of snowfall on crashes, traffic volume, and revenue on the New York State Thruway

Weather Climate and Society ◽

10.1175/wcas-d-21-0074.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David A. Call ◽

Guy A. Flynt

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York State ◽

Traffic Volume ◽

Crash Risk ◽

York State ◽

Inclement Weather ◽

Daily Data ◽

Fatal Crashes ◽

Traffic Volumes ◽

The Impact

AbstractSnow has numerous effects on traffic, including reduced traffic volumes, greater crash risk, and increased travel times. This research examines how snow affects crash risk, traffic volume, and toll revenue on the New York State Thruway. Daily data from January for a ten-year period (2010-2019) were analyzed for the Thruway from the Pennsylvania state line in western New York to Syracuse.Anywhere from 35-50 percent of crashes are associated with inclement weather, with smaller impacts, proportionally, in areas with greater traffic volumes. As expected, snow was almost always involved when weather was a factor. “Unsafe speed” was the most common cause of crashes in inclement weather with all other factors (e.g., animals, drowsiness) much less likely to play a role. The percentage of crashes resulting in an injury did not change significantly with inclement conditions when compared to crashes occurring in fair conditions, and there were too few fatal crashes to make any inferences about them.Daily snowfall rates predicted about 30 percent of the variation in crash numbers, with every 5.1 cm of snowfall resulting in an additional crash, except in Buffalo where 5.1 cm of snow resulted in an additional 2.6 crashes. Confirming earlier results, daily snowfall had a large impact on passenger vehicle counts while commercial vehicle counts were less affected. Revenue data showed a similar pattern, with passenger revenue typically decreasing by 3-5 percent per 2.5 cm of snow, while commercial revenue decreases were 1-4 percent per 2.5 cm of snow.

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Social Work Perspective

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.83.5.903 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

pp. 903-905

Author(s):

Sandra Hernandez

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Chronic Illness ◽

Sickle Cell Disease ◽

Newborn Screening ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

New York State ◽

Early Years ◽

Cell Disease ◽

York State ◽

The Impact

The ultimate objective of newborn screening for sickle cell disease should be twofold. The first essential step is the identification of the infants at risk. This has been effectively done in New York state as of 1975 through the New York State Newborn Screening Program. However, identifying these children is not enough. Second is the much more complicated task of providing comprehensive follow-up care for families whose children are affected by the disease, including the much needed psychosocial services. This area continues to be sorely neglected. The increased risk of death due to overwhelming infection in the first 3 years of life for children with sickle cell disease has been noted in the literature. When there is no specialized care, 15% to 20% do not survive. Therefore, it is essential for knowledgeable staff to make contact and begin to develop a trusting relationship as soon as possible with parents of infants born with sickle cell disease. Prophylactic penicillin and pneumococcal vaccination can reduce mortality during the early years. Family involvement with a consistent, available team of health care providers is pivotal in understanding this chronic illness and coping effectively with this extraordinary stress. Our staff is available by telephone for consultations with patients or other medical staff during clinic and emergency room visits and hospitalizations. One element that is clear in our experience at the St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Sickle Cell Center in New York City is that adjustment to this chronic illness is a lifelong process. One or two counseling sessions at the time of diagnosis are not sufficient to enable families to fully understand the information given or to realize the impact of having a child with a chronic illness.

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A Practical Approach to Developing Climate Change Scenarios for Water Quality Models

Journal of Hydrometeorology ◽

10.1175/jhm-d-18-0213.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 1197-1211 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rakesh K. Gelda ◽

Rajith Mukundan ◽

Emmet M. Owens ◽

John T. Abatzoglou

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Water Quality ◽

New York ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Climate Change Scenarios ◽

Quality Models ◽

Hourly Data ◽

Water Quality Models ◽

The Impact

Abstract Climate model output is often downscaled to grids of moderately high spatial resolution (~4–6-km grid cells). Such projections have been used in numerous hydrological impact assessment studies at watershed scales. However, relatively few studies have been conducted to assess the impact of climate change on the hydrodynamics and water quality in lakes and reservoirs. A potential barrier to such assessments is the need for meteorological variables at subdaily time scales that are downscaled to in situ observations to which lake and reservoir water quality models have been calibrated and validated. In this study, we describe a generalizable procedure that utilizes gridded downscaled data; applies a secondary bias-correction procedure using equidistance quantile mapping to map projections to station-based observations; and implements temporal disaggregation models to generate point-scale hourly air and dewpoint temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation for use in water quality models. The proposed approach is demonstrated for six locations within New York State: four within watersheds of the New York City water supply system and two at nearby National Weather Service stations. Disaggregation models developed using observations reproduced hourly data well at all locations, with Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency greater than 0.9 for air temperature and dewpoint, 0.4–0.6 for wind speed, and 0.7–0.9 for solar radiation.

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