scholarly journals Rural water supply in Nigeria: policy gaps and future directions

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Chukwuma Obeta
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Sustainable Services

Abstract The alarming state of safe water deprivation among the residents of rural communities in Nigeria is well recognized. Unfortunately, research that shows the policy gaps in the water supply sector of the country and measures to eliminate them in order to improve water supply sustainability in the country is lacking. This paper investigates the landscape of water service provision to rural communities in Nigeria using investigative and qualitative approaches due to the desire to explore the experience and opinions of previous workers/agencies in the region. Primary and secondary data were used in the study. Findings characterized the rural water supply landscape in the region. The community-based service providers are constrained by several policy gaps that negatively impact on the quality and sustainability of rural water supply in the country. Rural water interventions suffer from a high rate of failures due largely to weak institutional framework in the water supply sector. The paper recommends that for rural water supply sustainability to be improved in Nigeria all the stakeholders must work together to prioritize and address the policy gaps constraining service delivery simultaneously in the region. Working on one factor alone may not result in sustainable services.

scholarly journals Critical Factors for the Success of Rural Water Supply Services in Brazil

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2180
Author(s):  
Anna V. M. Machado ◽  
João A. N. dos Santos ◽  
Norbertho da S. Quindeler ◽  
Lucas M. C. Alves
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nominal Group Technique ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Water Supply Services

The universalization of drinking water in rural communities poses a great challenge to developing countries, where rural areas often receive poor water service coverage and limited attention from authorities. This scenario is the current reality in Brazil. The community management model of rural water services has proven to be a noteworthy approach to ensure the continuity of water supply where private and public entities do not operate. However, its sustainability depends on several aspects. The authors of the current paper performed a thorough review of relevant publications in the rural sanitation field of study using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) methodology, which enabled the creation of a list of essential factors capable to ensure the sustainability of Rural Water Supply Services (RWSS). Using the Nominal Group Technique with a selection of participants from a national conference held in Brazil in 2015, specialists hierarchized the factors, demonstrating their perception of the most important aspects necessary in RWSS throughout Brazil. Consequently, the authors noticed the necessity of a strong enabling environment, which recognizes small communities and their local services. Water quality control, post-construction support and the existence of a financial scheme were also pointed out as important aspects to ensure RWSS’s sustainability.

scholarly journals How well is the demand-driven, community management model for rural water supply systems doing? Evidence from Bolivia, Peru and Ghana

Water Policy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Whittington ◽  
Jennifer Davis ◽  
Linda Prokopy ◽  
Kristin Komives ◽  
Richard Thorsten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Community Management ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Supply Systems

This paper reports the main findings of a multi-country research project designed to develop a better understanding of the performance of community-managed rural water supply systems in developing countries. Data were collected from households, village water committees, focus groups of village residents, system operators and key informants in 400 rural communities in Peru, Bolivia and Ghana. Our findings suggest that the demand-driven, community management model, coupled with access to spare parts and some technical expertise, has come a long way toward unraveling the puzzle of how best to design and implement rural water supply programs in developing countries. In all three countries, rural water supply projects were working. Among the households included in our sample in Peru and Bolivia, 95% had operational taps at the time of our field visit. In 90% of the villages in Ghana, all project handpumps were still working. Not only had the rural water systems not broken down, but almost all the households in these communities were obtaining at least some of their water from the systems. However, some households were also still using water from other sources. In Ghana, 38% of households still reported using water from unprotected sources (e.g. springs, river, open wells) for drinking and/or cooking. Another troublesome finding is that rural households in the sample villages are paying very little for the improved water services and, as a result, the finances of many village water committees are in poor shape.

scholarly journals Do rope and washer pumps provide safe water and satisfied users? A case study piloting new rural water supply technology in Rumphi District, Malawi

Water SA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3 July) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob C Mkandawire ◽  
Mavuto Tembo ◽  
Muthi Nhlema ◽  
Joel Luhanga ◽  
Rochelle H Holm
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Sub Saharan

Innovation is needed to develop rural water supply to support sub-Saharan Africa communities that are hard to reach. The purpose of this study was to critically review rope and washer pumps that have been installed on manually drilled boreholes in 48 communities as part of a pilot project in Rumphi District, Malawi, and which serve as a sustainable source of drinking water from both technical (water quality and functionality) and social (user satisfaction) perspectives. At each water source, an infrastructure checklist was used (n = 48); 10 users were interviewed (n = 472); and, if the pump had water, water quality samples were collected (n = 24). The results show that use of a professional driller does not guarantee a functioning rope and washer pump that produces safe water. Where the pumps were functional, most provided safe drinking water. However, only 8% (4/48) of pumps had good water quality, a flow rate of >20 L/min and a full consensus of positive satisfaction among users. Pumps are not necessarily working better or worse in more remote areas. A process of introducing and creating evaluative guidelines for new (approved) technologies for rural water supply has not been established in Malawi. Sub-Saharan African governments need to be open to innovative solutions while making sure that standards, including those for functionality, water quality, user satisfaction, private operators, and human capacity for local government regulators, are being followed to ensure safe water for rural communities.

WATSAN in Partnership with NGOs and Communities of Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sustainable Services ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

The Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Fund Development Board (The Board) has been implementing WATSAN schemes in Nepal since March 14, 1996 under assistance from World Bank/IDA and DFID. The Board brought fundamental changes in the conventional supply driven approach to promote Demand Driven Community based water supply and sanitation project with cost effective and sustainable services to the rural people of Nepal. Communities are supported to form inclusive local water supply and sanitation user groups that can plan, implement, and operate drinking water and sanitation infrastructure that delivers sustainable health, hygiene and productivity benefits to rural households. Under the Board fund presently 165 NGOs partner together with local communities in 71 districts of Nepal to deliver safe water and sanitation services. The Board has contributed to improve sector institutional performance by grooming service delivery capacity of NGOs, Communities and mainstreaming its successful approaches in to Government mechanism and other sector agencies delivering developmental services in Nepal. Latest contribution of the Board is to support Ministry of Physical Planning and Works in establishing computerized Monitoring and Evaluation Unit and provide information regarding progress in rural water supply and sanitation sector. This will help the government in performance based budget allocation to service delivering agencies. As to Board's own performance various studies shows after project 90 percent hand wash practice in community, 33 percent No Open Defecation schemes and 84–92 percent sustainability of 3-8years old schemes

scholarly journals Analysis of Four CommunityBased Entrepreneurships in Rural Water Supply in Bogor

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Santi Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Government Accountability ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Sustainable Services ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Policies And Programs

<p>Local water supply based on community development were built by using funding from Local government. Accountability of this funding for local community entrepreneurship is debatable. This paper will explain how local water community entrepreneurship in Bogor can be determined in four community-based: aspect of infrastructure, training of human resources, revenue collection, and post  onstruction support. The rural water supply in Bogor were studied by combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The study provides evidence on the need to<br />design policies and programs that provide sustainable services in Community-Based<br />Entrepreneurship.</p>

Lesotho makes strides in rural water supply

Waterlines ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Adrian Clark
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Rural Water

Electromagnetic Profiling for Groundwater in Precambrian Basement Complex Areas of Nigeria

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Idowu Olayinka
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Complex Terrain ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Precambrian Basement ◽  
Basement Complex ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Well Yield ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Borehole Drilling

Ground electromagnetic profiling, using a Geonics EM34-3 instrument, has been employed to identify areas of high conductivity in a Precambrian basement complex terrain of Nigeria. Field examples, conducted as part of a rural water supply programme, are presented. They indicate that the apparent conductivities are generally lower than about 60 mmho m−1. Subsequent borehole drilling suggests a good correlation between high EM34 anomalies, deep weathering and high well yield (&gt; 1 1 s−1). On the other hand, boreholes sited on conductivity lows penetrated a thinner regolith with relatively lower yields.

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