scholarly journals Soil phosphorus composition, loss risk and contribution to the aquatic environment in a typical agricultural area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianhai Ma ◽  
Ying Bai ◽  
Xiaohong Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Geostatistical Approach ◽  
Cinnamon Soil ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Primary Form

Abstract River eutrophication risk increased significantly in agricultural areas. In this paper, spatial variability of soil phosphorus (P) and loss risk in the Jialu River Basin, China, were analyzed using a geostatistical approach. The correlation between soil and river sediment P was analyzed to identify the main aquatic P source. The results showed that inorganic phosphorus (IP) was the main form of soil TP (82.13%), but the ratio of apatite phosphorus (AP) and non-apatite phosphorus (NAIP) varied between different soil types. AP was the primary form of IP in fluvo-aquic cinnamon soil, while NAIP dominated in meadow aeolian sandy soil. Calculated soil total dissolvable P (TDP, 94–622 mg/kg) exceeded the environmental threshold. High TDP (>400 mg/kg) in mixed soil and sandy soil indicated a high P loss risk. The spatial variability of soil P was moderate to weak, indicating a low heterogeneity. In sediment, IP and AP showed a significant correlation with total organic carbon (p < 0.05), indicating a P source of soil erosion. Sediment AP had a significant positive correlation with soil AP (p < 0.05), confirming soil as the main source of sediment P. Furthermore, an accumulation of sediment P along the Jialu River and its consistency with water TP was revealed.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of soil phosphorus of a low productivity Brachiaria brizantha pasture

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edemar Joaquim Corazza ◽  
Michel Brossard ◽  
Takashi MuraokaI ◽  
Maurício Antonio Coelho Filho
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
P Application

Studies on soil phosphorus (P) of low productivity cultivated pastures in Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) areas and surveys on other possible problems related to P are scarce. The spatial variability of soil phosphorus content of a Rhodic Ferralsol was studied in a low productivity pasture of Brachiaria brizantha (BB) grown for 10 years, without fertilizer application, in an experimental area at Planaltina (GO), Brazil. Soil samplings were performed on a regular grid of 10 by 10 meters, with 98 sampling points before (between tussocks and under tussocks) and after the establishment of the experiment (after fertilizing). On the same grid, forage plants were collected and separated into fractions for N and P content analyses. Soil available phosphate was determined by the resin method (Pr) and complemented by the 32P isotopic exchange kinetics analysis. Descriptive statistical and geostatistical analyses were utilized to describe the spatial variability. The Pr content on soil samples under tussocks presented mean and median values 45% larger than in soil samples taken between tussocks. The higher variation is probably related to the greater concentration of BB roots, soil organic matter content and soil P recycled through the plants tussocks. The spatial variability of Pr in this soil was high especially after fertilizer application. This variable did not present spatial dependence for the regular 10 m sampling. The generated knowledge on P variability of soils under low productivity cultivated pastures revealed problems related to the sampling methodology traditionally utilized and to P application.

scholarly journals Global phosphorus shortage will be aggravated by soil erosion

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Alewell ◽  
Bruno Ringeval ◽  
Cristiano Ballabio ◽  
David A. Robinson ◽  
Panos Panagos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Rill Erosion ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Food And Feed

Abstract Soil phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural systems will limit food and feed production in the future. Here, we combine spatially distributed global soil erosion estimates (only considering sheet and rill erosion by water) with spatially distributed global P content for cropland soils to assess global soil P loss. The world’s soils are currently being depleted in P in spite of high chemical fertilizer input. Africa (not being able to afford the high costs of chemical fertilizer) as well as South America (due to non-efficient organic P management) and Eastern Europe (for a combination of the two previous reasons) have the highest P depletion rates. In a future world, with an assumed absolute shortage of mineral P fertilizer, agricultural soils worldwide will be depleted by between 4–19 kg ha−1 yr−1, with average losses of P due to erosion by water contributing over 50% of total P losses.

Changes in soil phosphorus availability and potential phosphorus loss following cessation of phosphorus fertiliser inputs

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Dodd ◽  
R. W. McDowell ◽  
L. M. Condron
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Loss ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
P Retention

Long-term application of phosphorus (P) fertilisers to agricultural soils can lead to in the accumulation of P in soil. Determining the rate of decline in soil P following the cessation of P fertiliser inputs is critical to evaluating the potential for reducing P loss to surface waters. The aim of this study was to use isotope exchange kinetics to investigate the rate of decline in soil P pools and the distribution of P within these pools in grazed grassland soils following a halt to P fertiliser application. Soils were sourced from three long-term grassland trials in New Zealand, two of which were managed as sheep-grazed pasture and one where the grass was regularly cut and removed. There was no significant change in total soil P over the duration of each trial between any of the treatments, although there was a significant decrease in total inorganic P on two of the sites accompanied by an increase in the organic P pool, suggesting that over time P was becoming occluded within organic matter, reducing the plant availability. An equation was generated using the soil-P concentration exchangeable within 1 min (E1 min) and P retention of the soil to predict the time it would take for the water-extractable P (WEP) concentration to decline to a target value protective of water quality. This was compared with a similar equation generated in the previous study, which used the initial Olsen-P concentration and P retention as a predictor. The use of E1 min in place of Olsen-P did not greatly improve the fit of the model, and we suggest that the use of Olsen-P is sufficient to predict the rate of decline in WEP. Conversely, pasture production data, available for one of the trial sites, suggest that E1 min may be a better predictor of dry matter yield than Olsen-P.

scholarly journals Using nitrogen fertiliser to decrease phosphorus loss from high phosphorus soils

2012 ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Dodd ◽  
R.W. Mcdowell ◽  
L.M. Condron
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Mitigation Strategy ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
One Year ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Pasture Yield

Decline in soil phosphorus (P) concentrations is slow, and environmentally significant concentrations of P can be lost to water long after fertiliser application is decreased. One potential method to accelerate the decline in soil P concentrations is to increase plant uptake by applying nitrogen (N). A one-year lysimeter trial investigated P losses to leachate on three soil types receiving three rates of N fertiliser (0, 150 and 300 kg N/ha/yr) and zero or half maintenance P fertiliser, with regular cutting and removal of pasture. Increasing N input increased annual pasture yield and decreased DRP loss in leachate compared to the zero N treatment, without increasing nitrate or ammonium loss. Furthermore, treatments receiving half maintenance P at all N rates had lower P losses than the zero N and zero P treatment. Based on a cut and carry system, increasing N fertiliser in conjunction with decreasing P fertiliser has potential as a mitigation strategy to decrease P loss without compromising yields or increasing N leaching.

scholarly journals Utilisation of inorganic and organic soil phosphorus in a hill country soil

1992 ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.W. Perrott
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Phosphate Rock Residues

Changes in phosphorus (P) fractions of unfertilised and fertilised (superphosphate) soil were investigated over five years at a hill country site near Te Kuiti. Only soil inorganic P (Pi) reserves were utilised for plant uptake when superphosphate was withheld at the site. Immobilisation of P as soil organic P (PO) contributed to depletion of the soil Pi reserves during the first two years of this trial. Where superphosphate was applied, immobilisation of P as PO amounted to about 25% of applied P during the five years measurements were made. Changes in soil P fractions indicated that all forms of soil Pi were utilised when superphosphate was withheld. These included readily available Pi, Al- Pi, Fe-Pi, and residual phosphate rock from previous fertiliser applications. Depletion of the phosphate rock residues in the soil also occurred where superphosphate was applied and appears to have been completed within about two years. The phosphate rock residues had probably accumulated because of the relatively high amounts of unacidulated phosphate rock in superphosphate manufactured before 1983. Accumulation of Po associated with humic acid, or adsorbed on surfaces of hy drous oxides of Al and Fe, occurred in both fertilised and unfertilised soils. The more labile forms of PO also increased in the fertilised soil. Keywords inorganic phosphorus, organic phosphorus, phosphorus immobilisation, soil phosphorus, soil phosphorus fractions, soil phosphorus utilisation.

SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS AS INFLUENCED BY SOIL TEXTURE AND MANAGEMENT

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. P. O’HALLORAN ◽  
R. G. KACHANOSKI ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Texture Removal

The spatial variability of soil phosphorus (0–15 cm) and its relationship to management and texture was examined on an ongoing (since 1967) crop rotation study located on a Brown Chernozemic loam soil at Swift Current, Saskatchewan. Total soil P was less variable than either the total inorganic (Pi) or organic (Po) phosphorus fractions. The same was found for the sodium bicarbonate extractable P (bicarb-P) fractions, although they were more variable. The spatial variability of the measured P fractions indicated that the site was not uniformly variable. Texture varied significantly within and between treatments and replicates with sand being the most variable. Up to 90% of the variability in P could be accounted for by changes in texture. Considering this, sampling intensity could be significantly reduced in a study of temporal changes in soil P on the experimental site. Organic P (both total and bicarb-Po) and bicarb-Pi were negatively correlated to sand content. The influence of managment on soil phosphorus varied with texture. Removal of treatment effects over the textural ranges encountered and the non-uniform variability of the various soil parameters measured in this study demonstrated the importance of obtaining a complete knowledge of the spatial variability of the experimental site. Key words: Inorganic P, organic P, soil variability, bicarbonate extractable P, soil uniformity

Effect of Leaching on Loss of Soil Phosphorus in Different Types of Sand Dune in Horqin Sandy Land, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3818-3827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Lai Zhou ◽  
De Ming Jiang ◽  
Zhi Min Liu ◽  
Alamusa ◽  
Xue Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
P Leaching ◽  
Total P

We simulated P leaching on active dune (AD), semi-stabilized dune (SSD) and stabilized dune (SD) under 140, 700 and 1400 mm of rainfall in Horqin Sandy Land Inner Mongolia, China. The results showed that the available phosphorus (AP) pool decreased by 5–50% in topsoil (0–10 cm), and increased by -5–220% in subsoil (10–20 cm) in AD, SSD, and SD soil. The total P (TP) pool in topsoil (0–10 cm) decreased by 1.8–5.0%, and increased by -5–4.6% in subsoil (10–20 cm) in AD, SSD, and SD soil. The P loss in the soils (0-20 cm) was 0.5–4.5% in AD, SSD, and SD soil. These data indicated that significant downward movement of P occurred during soil leaching. And, the movement of soil P by leaching can cause P loss and changes in vertical distribution of P. Moreover, the difference in P concentration, drawn up by plant roots, between topsoil and subsoil can buffer the P loss at the start of leaching. Therefore, vegetation restoration is essential to reduce P loss in sandy lands.

scholarly journals Speciation of inorganic phosphorus in some bench-merk soils of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Chowdhury ◽  
S Hoque ◽  
A Parvin ◽  
M Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Bench Mark ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
P Pools ◽  
High Concentrations

To study the phosphorus transformation in soils, experiment was conducted in the laboratory. In this study, three different bench-mark soil series of three different Agro-ecological Zones namely, Brahmaputra (Jamuna) floodplains (Dhamrai series, Areni-Eutric gleysols), Low Ganges River Floodplain (Ishurdi series, Chromi-calcaric Gleysols), and Madhupur Tract (Tejgaon series, Chromi-Calcaric Gleysols ) of Bangladesh were selected. For conducting this experiment, all the determination was performed triplicate. The changes of phosphorus fractions were discussed. Soil Phosphorus pools were assessed by sequential P fractionation on days 0, 7, 20 and 40. The inter conversions of different P- fractions were noticed during the course of incubation experiment. The magnitude of these changes differed among soils, being greatest in the Dhamrai soil. Principal component analysis of the data showed that the size of the P pools was related to soil properties; high concentrations of Ca-P were associated with high pH and calcium concentrations, high concentrations of Fe-P and residual P were correlated with high aluminium. It can be concluded that soil P pools can be generalized across the three soil used in this study, but that the size of the P pools is affected by soil properties.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(1), 7-12, 2018

scholarly journals Soil phosphorus dynamics on terrestrial natural ecosystems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Deiss ◽  
B. Anibal de Moraes ◽  
Vincent Maire
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil Weathering

Abstract. Soil organic and inorganic phosphorus (P) compounds can be modified by distinctive ecosystems properties. This study aims to analyze soil P dynamics on terrestrial natural ecosystems, relating its organic (monoesters, diesters, and phosphonate) and inorganic (orthophosphate, polyphosphate and pyrophosphate) functional groups with important temporal, edaphic and climatic characteristics. A dataset including 88 sites was assembled from published papers that have determined soil P composition by liquid state one-dimensional 31P nuclear magnetic resonance of soils extracted with NaOH EDTA. Bivariate and multivariate regression models were used to enable a comprehensive understanding of soil P dynamics at an unprecedented geographical scale. In bivariate relationships, soil P compounds had overall similar behaviors on mineral and organic layers but with different slopes. Temporal (weathering), edaphic and climatic properties of ecosystems, together explain up to 78 % (diester) and 57 % (orthophosphate) of the variation of organic and inorganic P forms across ecosystems. Soil, particularly pH, total carbon, and carbon-to-phosphorus ratio, over climate and weathering, were the predominant drivers to explain P variation. Only, the diester-to-monoester ratio was controlled by independent and combined effects of soil weathering and soil properties, likely deriving from parent material differences. We conclude that soil organic and inorganic P pools as well as their functional groups composition are determined by distinctive drivers that regulate key ecological processes governing their presence, transformation and persistence on terrestrial natural ecosystems.

Improved Plant Diversity as a Strategy to Increase Available Soil Phosphorus

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Crusciol ◽  
João Rigon ◽  
Juliano Calonego ◽  
Rogério Soratto
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Crop Residue Decomposition

Some crop species could be used inside a cropping system as part of a strategy to increase soil P availability due to their capacity to recycle P and shift the equilibrium between soil P fractions to benefit the main crop. The release of P by crop residue decomposition, and mobilization and uptake of otherwise recalcitrant P are important mechanisms capable of increasing P availability and crop yields.

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