Pressure-Velocity Coupling Schemes for Bouyancy Driven Flow in a Differentially Heated Cavity Using F.V.M and Matlab

Numerical analysis of fluid flow is anchored on the laws of conservation. A challenge in solving the momentum equation arises due to the unavailability of an explicit pressure equation. To avoid solving the pressure term most researchers have eliminated it by cross differentiating the x and the y two dimensional momentum equations and subtracting them. This method introduces more variables to be solved in comparison to the primitive variables and is restricted to two-dimensional flows as streamlines do not exist in three-dimension. This method thus presents a serious limitation in analysis of fluid flow. In this study an equation for computing pressure has been developed using pressure - velocity coupling and used in solving the governing equations. The performance of three pressure velocity schemes namely; the Semi Implicit Method for Pressure linked Equation (SIMPLE), SIMPLE Revised (SIMPLER) and SIMPLE Consistent (SIMPLEC) for laminar buoyancy driven flow has been tested in order to establish the scheme that gives results consistent with bench mark data. The equations governing the flow are solved iteratively using finite volume method together with the central difference interpolating scheme. The solutions are presented for Rayleigh numbers of 103, 104, and 105. This resulted in the velocity profiles for the SIMPLE, SIMPLER, and SIMPLEC algorithm for a Rayleigh number of 104 and 105 converging to the same path. At a Rayleigh number of 103 however, SIMPLER algorithm undergoes a degradation in convergence with grid refinement at the baffle region. Results predicted by using the SIMPLEC algorithm are thus able to effectively compute the velocity of fluid flow in a differentially heated square enclosure with baffles for both low and higher Rayleigh numbers irrespective of the grid size.

P-OGC63 Care Close to Home in the Era of Centralisation

Background With increasingly centralised services for people diagnosed with OG Cancer we wanted to ensure our local service was maintained to provide the appropriate care and management by collaborating with the Specialist Sites and raising the profile of local services. Most patients remain local due to their disease stage, performance status or through choice. We wanted those patients who have tests and treatment on other sites to be able to have their care managed locally as much as possible and therefore only have to travel when absolutely necessary. We aim to facilitate and deliver a streamlined service. Methods Weekly Local MDT triages patients to Specialist MDT once appropriate information is available. Established local outreach clinic for specialist service. Ensures patients are known to specialist service from diagnosis. Patients will be diagnosed and managed locally unless input required elsewhere. Local CNS attends both Local/Specialist MDT as patient advocate and provides cross site communication and care planning. Local User Involvement- contributes to service development and feedback both locally and beyond. Local HNA at point of diagnosis to establish a bench mark. Ongoing emotional support is integral to the local service and continues wherever the patient is in their care pathway. Results Streamlined care with local and specialist team contacts. Improved communication between professionals. Identifiable contact for patients Rapid referral process - timely and appropriate discussions. Improved patient satisfaction. Direct access to specialist site from point of diagnosis. Improved patient advocacy across sites Effective use of clinic time. The right patient being seen at the right time in the right hospital with the right information. Local follow up enables integration of additional local services/teams into patient care More inclusion for local teams in wider service development. Local leadership within the network has ensured investment in local services and raised the profile. Conclusions Care is more streamlined Patients are assessed by the right person at the right time enabling more open communication Avoids unnecessary referrals Less travelling between sites Reduces patient anxiety Encourages user involvement- more personalised care. Promotes continuity of patient care Allows inclusion of local teams in decision making at specialist level Promotes collaboration and team working with flexible leadership amongst team members Improved job satisfaction by establishing a shared vision Upper GI Cancer delivery will continue to go through changes but with a motivated team who work together these changes can be implemented efficiently and effectively.

Semiotics with Style and Situation: Multi-modal Comparative Analysis of Title pages of Native and Non-native English Novels

The communicative function of text can be obtained through the multimodal analysis of the text which contains the interaction and integration of two or more semiotic resources, graphics and text. This study investigated the structure of the titles and graphics of the title pages along with the situation of the content of native and non-native title pages of English novels of modern age. 20 title pages including 10 modern native and non-native English novels are randomly selected from the Google search engine. Multimodal analysis including Jeffries (2016) model to analyse the structure of the text of the title pages, Davy (2013) model to analyse the graphical features of the title pages and Bernstein (2003) to investigate the situational features presented in the title pages of the novels have been followed. A bench mark technique was used to identify the graphics of title pages, structure of the title phrases and situation presented in the title pages. The results generated from qualitative analysis indicated that mostly the native authors observed all of the features mentioned by the great linguists, stylitions and graphic experts while selecting the design of title pages whereas, non-native authors and publisher have not kept these features in mind while selecting the contents of title page of their composition. It causes lack of readership as the readers cannot extract maximum information from the title page. The study has opened new dimensions to the new researchers and it also beneficial for the authors and publisher in the selection of the title pages.Key words: Semiotics, Graphics, Situation, Text, Title-page

Improved Opposition-Based Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has been widely used to solve various types of optimization problems. An efficient algorithm must have symmetry of information between participating entities. Enhancing algorithm efficiency relative to the symmetric concept is a critical challenge in the field of information security. PSO also becomes trapped into local optima similarly to other nature-inspired algorithms. The literature depicts that in order to solve pre-mature convergence for PSO algorithms, researchers have adopted various parameters such as population initialization and inertia weight that can provide excellent results with respect to real world problems. This study proposed two newly improved variants of PSO termed Threefry with opposition-based PSO ranked inertia weight (ORIW-PSO-TF) and Philox with opposition-based PSO ranked inertia weight (ORIW-PSO-P) (ORIW-PSO-P). In the proposed variants, we incorporated three novel modifications: (1) pseudo-random sequence Threefry and Philox utilization for the initialization of population; (2) increased population diversity opposition-based learning is used; and (3) a novel introduction of opposition-based rank-based inertia weight to amplify the execution of standard PSO for the acceleration of the convergence speed. The proposed variants are examined on sixteen bench mark test functions and compared with conventional approaches. Similarly, statistical tests are also applied on the simulation results in order to obtain an accurate level of significance. Both proposed variants show highest performance on the stated benchmark functions over the standard approaches. In addition to this, the proposed variants ORIW-PSO-P and ORIW-PSO-P have been examined with respect to training of the artificial neural network (ANN). We have performed experiments using fifteen benchmark datasets obtained and applied from the repository of UCI. Simulation results have shown that the training of an ANN with ORIW-PSO-P and ORIW-PSO-P algorithms provides the best results than compared to traditional methodologies. All the observations from our simulations conclude that the proposed ASOA is superior to conventional optimizers. In addition, the results of our study predict how the proposed opposition-based method profoundly impacts diversity and convergence.

Ability of RTK-Based GPS Measurement Method in High Accuracy Work in Geomatics Study

Insfrastructure development require significant changes and transformation in Geomatics field for the upcoming decade. The use of new technology in Geomatics and surveying is essential and can be leveraged in many survey application that will help on building the nation towards a sustainable future. In the last 5 years, GNSS technology has been widely used and practiced to replace total station for survey work. Main factors that contributes to this busniness changes are the availability of much cheaper equipment with good technical capability in the market that helps surveyor to perform their work faster and more efficient. Global navigation satellite system services for accurate positioning has also rapidly increased and provide many option and solution for industry player or surveyor to choose. Combination of multiple global navigation satellite system providers such as GPS, GALILEO,GLONASS and BeiDOU has developed good satellite networks and increased numbers of available satellites for observation that improve absolute position accuracy. CHC i70 is among the best selling GNSS model on the market right now. The receiver can receive signal from GPS,GALILEO,GLONASS and BeiDOU simultaneously. This study will outline and focus on the capability of the RTK-Based method ( 30 second to 1 minute observation period) using CHC i70 instrument in high-precision measurement work. The research was done using the GPS calibration test site at Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah (POLISAS) and was also practiced in the actual work for establishment of Temporary Bench Mark (TBM) along Jalan Melor to Ketereh, Kelantan. The result of the study found that RTK-Based method can meet the precision work that is permitted under 2cm accuracy. Studies show that the method of using RTK- Based is suitable for high precision work and improve the measurement time and work duration at field. Keywords : Beidou, Chc and RTK-Based GPS and PDOP

Insights from sentiment analysis to leverage local tourism business in restaurants

Purpose Social media has become the main venue for users to express their opinions and feelings, generating a vast number of available and valuable data to be scrutinized by researchers and marketers. This paper aims to extend previous studies analyzing social media reviews through text mining and sentiment analysis to provide useful recommendations for management in the restaurant industry. Design/methodology/approach The Lexalytics, a text mining artificial intelligence tool, is applied to analyze the text of the online reviews of the restaurants in a touristic Dutch village extracted from the most frequently used social media platforms focusing on the four restaurant quality factors, namely, food and beverage, service, atmosphere and value. Findings The findings of this research are presented by the identified key themes with comparisons of the customers’ review sentiment between a selected restaurant, Zwaantje, vis-à-vis its bench-mark restaurants set by a specific approach under the abovementioned quality dimensions, in which the food and beverage and service are the most commented by customers. Results demonstrate that text mining can generate insights from different aspects and that the proposed approach is valuable to restaurant management. Originality/value The paper provides a relatively big scale in numbers and resources of social media reviews to further explore the most important service dimensions in the restaurant industry in a specific tourist area. It also offers a useful framework to apply the text mining business intelligence tool by comparison of peers for local small business restaurant practitioners to improve their management skills beyond manually reading social media reviews.

Bathymetry Study of the Siltation Level of Lugu Dam Reservoir in Sokoto State, Nigeria

This paper seeks to determine the siltation level of the Lugu dam reservoir, Sokoto State, Nigeria, using the bathymetric survey method. A total of eleven (11) ground control points were established over the study area using Hi-Target Global Navigation Satellite (GNS) Real-time Kinematic (RTK) System. The base station was set- up over the reference Bench Mark while the Rover station was moved around to predetermine locations of the ground control points. The depths to the Lugu dam reservoir bed, as well as its underwater topographic mapping with a section of the River Rima on the right flank of the reservoir area, across the collapsed spillway were conducted using Garmin Global Positioning System Map. This was mounted on a nine feet fibre boat to enhance the echo sounding. The result of the study was used to produce a digital elevation model, topographic contours and the area-elevation-capacity curve for the reservoir. This indicates that between elevations 260.5 m and 262 m, the available minimum and maximum designed storage capacities of Lugu dam reservoir ranges from 21.24 MCM and 34.25 MCM respectively. The Lugu dam reservoir maximum storage capacity at breached level stands at 25 MCM, while its active storage capacity is 20 MCM. This is to conclude that the amount of siltation at the reservoir is 9.25 MCM representing 27.01% indicating the difference between the maximum designed capacity and the current storage capacity. It is recommended that dredging be carried out to regain the initial designed storage capacity as this will no doubt put an end to the incessant flooding and erosion experienced in the area.

Deformation Source Revealed From Leveling Survey in Jigokudani Valley, Tateyama Volcano, Japan

We modeled vertical deformation detected from leveling survey in Jigokudani valley, Tateyama volcano, central Japan. In Jigokudani valley, uplift of 4 cm/year was previously detected during the period from 2007 to 2010 by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). To confirm whether this inflation has continued to the present, we conducted leveling survey in Jigokudani valley since 2015. Most bench marks showed subsidence up to 5.6 cm during the four-year period from October 2016 to September 2020, while a bench mark locates at the center of the leveling route uniquely showed uplift of 1.6 cm. We applied a dislocation source model to the deformation using a grid search method. A crack with a length of 350 m, a width of 100 m, a strike of N117°E and a dip of 61° is located at a depth of 50 m near the center of Jigokudani valley (Koya jigoku and the new fumarolic area) where highly activating recently. Closing of the crack of 344 cm yields volume decreases of 120,400 m3. Striking direction of the crack is parallel to the line of which are old explosion craters (Mikurigaike and Midorigaike ponds) and corresponds to current maximum compressive stress field in the region of Hida Mountains including Tateyama volcano. The deformation source of the previous period from 2007 to 2010 detected from InSAR was estimated to be at a depth of 50 m and a gas chamber was correspondingly found from the audio-frequency magnetotelluric (AMT) survey. The estimated crack in this study is also located at a similar position of the gas chamber which was also identified from AMT survey. During the period from 2015 to 2016, the crack opened (i.e., inflated) and the inflation stopped during the next one-year period from 2016 to 2017. During the period from 2017 to 2020, the crack turned to closing (i.e., deflation), probably because of the increase in emission of volcanic fluid or gas with a formation of a new crater at the western side of Jigokudani valley (Yahata jigoku) during the period from 2017 to 2018.

Exercise prescription for non-communicable diseases: Knowledge and practice among healthcare providers

Background: Exercise prescription (EP) use as medicine is an effective. It is the cornerstone to prevent and manage NCDs. The main aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge and confidence, practice of HCPs towards NCDs pertaining to EP in West Gojjam Zone hospitals, Amhara region, Ethiopia.Methods: The target population was 487 HCPs (medical doctors, nurses and midwiferies).Cross sectional research design was carried out in hospital setting from HCPs to collect data, Self-administered questionnaires were used from 7 governmental hospitals and 353 HCPs (Medical doctors=107, 30.3%, Nurses=157, 44.5% and Midwiferies=89, 25.2%) was selected through whole, strata and random sampling methods. The data was collected and analyzed from March, 2021- June, 2012. It was analyzed through descriptive (mean, frequency, percentage, cross tabulation and standard deviation) and inferential statics(chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis test of analysis, Mann-Whitney U test to examine difference and spearman’s rank to examine correlation). All assumptions for conducting non-parametric tests were used before decided to use the type of statistical data.Results: The HCPs reported that; majority of 80.6% respondents had poor EPP regarding to written prescription for their patients. 62.5% of HCPs were agreed they had not knowledge on WHO and ACSM recommendations to prescribe exercise for NCD patents. Male HCPs were had better exercise prescription practice ( x2 = 228.756, df = 15, p =0.000 ). HCPs knowledge and confidence was had a significance difference regarding to profession (Medical doctors: Mean rank =198.71, Nurses: Mean rank =171.96 and Midwifery: Mean rank =159.78, x2 = 7.773, df = 2, p =0.021). Exercise prescription practice (EPP) was significantly and positively correlated with Knowledge and Confidence (rho=0.292, p= 0.000). EPP was had a positive and significant correlation with all main variables of the study.Conclusion: Exercise prescriptions practice, knowledge and confidence of majority of HCPs regarding to prescribe exercise for NCDs were poor. The HCPs educational curriculums should include sufficiently about physical exercise as a strategy how to prevent and manage NCDs. Exercise is medicine Ethiopia (EIME) initiative should established and Exercise Prescription (EP) also established in organizational structure as a unit in healthcare setting. There should be a standardized recommendation guidelines, prepared at a national level to prescribe exercise used as a bench mark for healthcare providers for every healthcare settings. There will be also design a continuous training program for HCPs to be a role model or how to prescribe physical activity or exercise to prevent and manage NCD from their patients.