scholarly journals The effect of sorptivity on cumulative infiltration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Angelaki ◽  
P. Sihag ◽  
M. Sakellariou – Makrantonaki ◽  
C. Tzimopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Irrigation Planning ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Flood Prediction ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Absolute Sensitivity ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration ◽  
Constant Head

Abstract Hydraulic parameters of the soil play a considerable role in the hydrological cycle, irrigation planning, drainage, groundwater recharge, and water resources management. One of the most important hydraulic parameters of the soil is sorptivity (S), yet there is insufficient research on how it affects the mechanism of infiltration. The main scope of this study is to investigate the effect(/significance) of sorptivity on the mechanism of infiltration of water, through various types of soil medium, from both mathematical and experimental perspective. For this scope, the absolute sensitivity analysis factor of sorptivity was obtained, while two experimental procedures were carried out in the laboratory. Each soil sample was packed into a vertical column, while a constant head of 2 mm was applied at the surface of the soil. The incoming water was measured volumetrically and at the same time, soil moisture, at certain locations, was measured using the TDR method. Sorptivity of each soil was calculated using Parlange's equation. Absolute sensitivity analysis factor of sorptivity showed that a longer duration/period of cumulative infiltration, sorptivity affects strongly the phenomenon as more synectic the soil type. Thus, estimating sorptivity of the soil could lead to better solutions on irrigation planning, flood prediction and water saving.

scholarly journals Sensitivity Analysis of the Rainfall–Runoff Modeling Parameters in Data-Scarce Urban Catchment

Hydrology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Héctor A. Ballinas-González ◽  
Víctor H. Alcocer-Yamanaka ◽  
Javier J. Canto-Rios ◽  
Roel Simuta-Champo
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Runoff Modeling ◽  
Precipitation Events

Rainfall–runoff phenomena are among the main processes within the hydrological cycle. In urban zones, the increases in imperviousness cause increased runoff, originating floods. It is fundamental to know the sensitivity of parameters in the modeling of an urban basin, which makes the calibration process more efficient by allowing one to focus only on the parameters for which the modeling results are sensitive. This research presents a formal sensitivity analysis of hydrological and hydraulic parameters—absolute–relative, relative–absolute, relative–relative sensitivity and R2—applied to an urban basin. The urban basin of Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, in Mexico is an area prone to flooding caused by extreme precipitation events. The basin has little information in which the records (with the same time resolution) of precipitation and hydrometry match. The basin model representing an area of 355.07 km2 was characterized in the Stormwater Management Model (SWMM). The sensitivity analysis was performed for eight hydrological parameters and one hydraulic for two precipitation events and their impact on the depths of the Sabinal River. Based on the analysis, the parameters derived from the analysis that stand out as sensitive are the Manning coefficient of impervious surface and the minimum infiltration speed with R2 > 0.60. The results obtained demonstrate the importance of knowing the sensitivity of the parameters and their selection to perform an adequate calibration.

scholarly journals Multi-source hydrological soil moisture state estimation using data fusion optimisation

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 3267-3285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zhuo ◽  
Dawei Han
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Data Fusion ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Local Linear Regression ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Flood Prediction ◽  
Time To Build ◽  
Moisture State

Abstract. Reliable estimation of hydrological soil moisture state is of critical importance in operational hydrology to improve the flood prediction and hydrological cycle description. Although there have been a number of soil moisture products, they cannot be directly used in hydrological modelling. This paper attempts for the first time to build a soil moisture product directly applicable to hydrology using multiple data sources retrieved from SAC-SMA (soil moisture), MODIS (land surface temperature), and SMOS (multi-angle brightness temperatures in H–V polarisations). The simple yet effective local linear regression model is applied for the data fusion purpose in the Pontiac catchment. Four schemes according to temporal availabilities of the data sources are developed, which are pre-assessed and best selected by using the well-proven feature selection algorithm gamma test. The hydrological accuracy of the produced soil moisture data is evaluated against the Xinanjiang hydrological model's soil moisture deficit simulation. The result shows that a superior performance is obtained from the scheme with the data inputs from all sources (NSE = 0.912, r = 0.960, RMSE = 0.007 m). Additionally, the final daily-available hydrological soil moisture product significantly increases the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency by almost 50 % in comparison with the two most popular soil moisture products. The proposed method could be easily applied to other catchments and fields with high confidence. The misconception between the hydrological soil moisture state variable and the real-world soil moisture content, and the potential to build a global routine hydrological soil moisture product are discussed.

Use of Global Sensitivity Analysis to Help Assess Unsaturated Soil Hydraulic Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. vzj2011.0150 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Younes ◽  
T. A. Mara ◽  
N. Fajraoui ◽  
F. Lehmann ◽  
B. Belfort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Unsaturated Soil ◽  
Global Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Global Sensitivity ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

scholarly journals Different scenarios for inverse estimation of soil hydraulic parameters from double-ring infiltrometer data using HYDRUS-2D/3D

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Mashayekhi ◽  
Shoja Ghorbani-Dashtaki ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mosaddeghi ◽  
Hossein Shirani ◽  
Ali Reza Mohammadi Nodoushan
Keyword(s):  
Additional Data ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration ◽  
Permanent Wilting Point ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Simulation Error ◽  
Soil Hydraulic ◽  
Wilting Point

AbstractIn this study, HYDRUS-2D/3D was used to simulate ponded infiltration through double-ring infiltrometers into a hypothetical loamy soil profile. Twelve scenarios of inverse modelling (divided into three groups) were considered for estimation of Mualem-van Genuchten hydraulic parameters. In the first group, simulation was carried out solely using cumulative infiltration data. In the second group, cumulative infiltration data plus water content ath= −330 cm (field capacity) were used as inputs. In the third group, cumulative infiltration data plus water contents ath= −330 cm (field capacity) andh= −15 000 cm (permanent wilting point) were used simultaneously as predictors. The results showed that numerical inverse modelling of the double-ring infiltrometer data provided a reliable alternative method for determining soil hydraulic parameters. The results also indicated that by reducing the number of hydraulic parameters involved in the optimization process, the simulation error is reduced. The best one in infiltration simulation which parametersα,n, andKswere optimized using the infiltration data and field capacity as inputs. Including field capacity as additional data was important for better optimization/definition of soil hydraulic functions, but using field capacity and permanent wilting point simultaneously as additional data increased the simulation error.

scholarly journals Water vapor isotopologue retrievals from high-resolution GOSAT shortwave infrared spectra

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Frankenberg ◽  
D. Wunch ◽  
G. Toon ◽  
C. Risi ◽  
R. Scheepmaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Shortwave Infrared

Abstract. Remote sensing of the isotopic composition of water vapor can provide valuable information on the hydrological cycle. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of retrievals of the relative abundance of HDO (the HDO/H2O ratio) from the Japanese GOSAT satellite. For this purpose, we use high spectral resolution nadir radiances around 6400 cm−1 (1.56 μm) to retrieve vertical column amounts of H2O and HDO. Retrievals of H2O correlate well with ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) integrated profiles (r2 = 0.96). Typical precision errors in the retrieved column-averaged deuterium depletion (δD) are 20–40‰. We compare δD against a TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) ground-based station in Lamont, Oklahoma. Using retrievals in very dry areas over Antarctica, we detect a small systematic offset in retrieved H2O and HDO column amounts and take this into account for a bias correction of δD. Monthly averages of δD in the June 2009 to September 2011 time frame are well correlated with TCCON (r2 = 0.79) and exhibit a slope of 0.98 (1.23 if not bias corrected). We also compare seasonal averages on the global scale with results from the SCIAMACHY instrument in the 2003–2005 time frame. Despite the lack of temporal overlap, seasonal averages in general agree well, with spatial correlations (r2) ranging from 0.62 in September through November to 0.83 in June through August. However, we observe higher variability in GOSAT δD, indicated by fitted slopes between 1.2 and 1.46. The discrepancies are likely related to differences in vertical sensitivities but warrant further validation of both GOSAT and SCIAMACHY and an extension of the validation dataset.

Sensitivity analysis on the thermal-hydraulic parameters governing the saturation of an engineered clay barrier system

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
N Barnel ◽  
T Lassabatère ◽  
C Le Potier ◽  
P Sémété
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Clay Barrier

scholarly journals Differential absorption lidar for water vapor isotopologues in the 1.98 µm spectral region: sensitivity analysis with respect to regional atmospheric variability

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 6675-6693
Author(s):  
Jonas Hamperl ◽  
Clément Capitaine ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Dherbecourt ◽  
Myriam Raybaut ◽  
Patrick Chazette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Spectral Region ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Differential Absorption ◽  
Differential Absorption Lidar ◽  
Relative Precision ◽  
Mixing Ratios

Abstract. Laser active remote sensing of tropospheric water vapor is a promising technology to complement passive observational means in order to enhance our understanding of processes governing the global hydrological cycle. In such a context, we investigate the potential of monitoring both water vapor H216O and its isotopologue HD16O using a differential absorption lidar (DIAL) allowing for ground-based remote measurements at high spatio-temporal resolution (150 m and 10 min) in the lower troposphere. This paper presents a sensitivity analysis and an error budget for a DIAL system under development which will operate in the 2 µm spectral region. Using a performance simulator, the sensitivity of the DIAL-retrieved mixing ratios to instrument-specific and environmental parameters is investigated. This numerical study uses different atmospheric conditions ranging from tropical to polar latitudes with realistic aerosol loads. Our simulations show that the measurement of the main isotopologue H216O is possible over the first 1.5 km of atmosphere with a relative precision in the water vapor mixing ratio of <1 % in a mid-latitude or tropical environment. For the measurement of HD16O mixing ratios under the same conditions, relative precision is found to be slightly lower but still sufficient for the retrieval of range-resolved isotopic ratios with precisions in δD of a few per mil. We also show that expected precisions vary by an order of magnitude between tropical and polar conditions, the latter giving rise to poorer sensitivity due to low water vapor content and low aerosol load. Such values have been obtained for a commercial InGaAs PIN photodiode, as well as for temporal and line-of-sight resolutions of 10 min and 150 m, respectively. Additionally, using vertical isotopologue profiles derived from a previous field campaign, precision estimates for the HD16O isotopic abundance are provided for that specific case.

scholarly journals First data set of H<sub>2</sub>O/HDO columns from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schneider ◽  
Tobias Borsdorff ◽  
Joost aan de Brugh ◽  
Franziska Aemisegger ◽  
Dietrich G. Feist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Global Circulation Models ◽  
Blocking Anticyclone

Abstract. Global measurements of atmospheric water vapour isotopologues aid to better understand the hydrological cycle and improve global circulation models. This paper presents a new data set of vertical column densities of H2O and HDO retrieved from short-wave infrared (2.3 µm) reflectance measurements by the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) onboard the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite. TROPOMI features daily global coverage with a spatial resolution of up to 7 km×7 km. The retrieval utilises a profile-scaling approach. The forward model neglects scattering, and strict cloud filtering is therefore necessary. For validation, recent ground-based water vapour isotopologue measurements by the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) are employed. A comparison of TCCON δD with ground-based measurements by the Multi-platform remote Sensing of Isotopologues for investigating the Cycle of Atmospheric water (MUSICA) project for data prior to 2014 (where MUSICA data are available) shows a bias in TCCON δD estimates. As TCCON HDO is currently not validated, an overall correction of recent TCCON HDO data is derived based on this finding. The agreement between the corrected TCCON measurements and co-located TROPOMI observations is good with an average bias of (-0.2±3)×1021 molec cm−2 ((1.1±7.2) %) in H2O and (-2±7)×1017 molec cm−2 ((-1.1±7.3) %) in HDO, which corresponds to a mean bias of (-14±17) ‰ in a posteriori δD. The bias is lower at low- and mid-latitude stations and higher at high-latitude stations. The use of the data set is demonstrated with a case study of a blocking anticyclone in northwestern Europe in July 2018 using single-overpass data.

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