The Town of Vallauris (French Riviera–An Example of a Coastal Area Sanitation Improvement Project

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
G. Gelas

The LYONNAISE DES EAUX Company has been managing the sanitation amenities for the town of VALLAURIS GOLFE-JUAN (a summer population of 35.000) since 1974, with a three-fold target:firstly, to arrange for the collection and disposal of the sewage effluent under all circumstances, despite the influx of tourists and without causing any inconvenience to users,secondly,to safeguard the appearance and condition of the beaches during the summer months by canalizing the estuary flow from the valleys and by pumping the runoff water seawards,thirdly, to treat the sewage from the town in order to discharge into the Mediterranean sea a good quality effluent which will not pollute the natural envi ronment. The targets were reached by using the most modern techniques: Sewage collection was optimized by installing a computerized management system for the networks, with regular monitored inspections and a preventive cleaning out programme carried out by specialist organizations. The sewage water was treated in an underwater plant in the Port of GOLFE-JUAN. This plant, which is partially automated and invisible on the site, discharges to the sea water which conforms with the foreseen purity levels at an acceptable operating cost.

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 105002
Author(s):  
N. Pieretti ◽  
M. Lo Martire ◽  
C. Corinaldesi ◽  
L. Musco ◽  
A. Dell’Anno ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 1034-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkiflle Leman ◽  
S.M. Sapuan ◽  
S. Suppiah

Polymer composites using natural fibres as the reinforcing agents have found their use in many applications. However, they do suffer from a few limitations, due to the hydrophilicity of the natural fibres which results in low compatibility with the hydrophobic polymer matrices. This paper aims to determine the best sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre surface treatment to improve the fibre-matrix interfacial adhesion. Fibre surface modifications were carried out by water retting process where the fibres were immersed in sea water, pond water and sewage water for the period of 30 days. The test samples were fabricated by placing a single fibre in an unsaturated polyester resin. Single-fibre pull-out tests showed that freshwater-treated fibres possessed the highest interfacial shear strength, followed by untreated fibres, sewage water-treated fibres, and sea water-treated fibres. Further surface analyses of the samples were performed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and an Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) system.


2010 ◽  
Vol 286 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Pham ◽  
M. Betti ◽  
P. P. Povinec ◽  
V. Alfimov ◽  
D. Biddulph ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
María A. Ruvira ◽  
Teresa Lucena ◽  
María J. Pujalte ◽  
David R. Arahal ◽  
M. Carmen Macián

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachmansyah Rachmansyah ◽  
Akhmad Mustafa ◽  
Mudian Paena

Kota Pekalongan memiliki lahan tambak yang produktivitas tambaknya masih tergolong relatif rendah. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik lahan dalam upaya menentukan kesesuaian dan pengelolaan lahan untuk budidaya tambak demi peningkatan produktivitas tambak di Kota Pekalongan. Faktor yang dipertimbangkan dalam mengetahui karakteristik lahan adalah: tanah, topografi, hidrologi, vegetasi, dan iklim. Analisis spasial dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis digunakan dalam penentuan kesesuaian lahan untuk budidaya tambak. Pengelolaan lahan ditentukan berdasarkan karakteristik lahan yang disesuaikan dengan teknologi dan komoditas yang dapat diaplikasikan di tambak. Tanah tambak di Kota Pekalongan tergolong tanah aluvial non-sulfat masam yang tidak memiliki potensi kemasaman tanah yang tinggi dan sebagian kecil tanah sulfat masam. Sumber air laut untuk tambak tergolong agak keruh dan salinitas air tambak cukup bervariasi sebagai akibat adanya sumber air tawar yang berasal dari Sungai Pekalongan dan sodetan. Vegetasi bakau adalah jenis vegetasi yang dominan di kawasan tambak sebab adanya Program GERHAN (Gerakan Nasional Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan) di Kota Pekalongan. Curah hujan di Kota Pekalongan sebesar 2.300 mm/tahun di mana curah hujan yang rendah dijumpai pada bulan Juli sampai Oktober. Di kawasan pesisir Kota Pekalongan dijumpai tambak, sawah, sawah terintrusi, dan pemukiman yang luasnya masing-masing 332,29; 372,53; 183,83; dan 619,73 ha. Dari luas tambak yang ada di Kota Pekalongan, yaitu 331,292 ha ternyata tidak ada tambak yang tergolong sangat sesuai (kelas S1), 191,856 ha tergolong cukup sesuai (kelas S2) dan 140,436 ha tergolong kurang sesuai (kelas S3). Pada areal yang mengandung unsur atau senyawa penyebab kemasaman yang tinggi disarankan untuk melakukan upaya perbaikan tanah terlebih dahulu berupa remediasi, pemberian pupuk yang mengandung nitrogen pada areal yang memiliki rasio C:N tanah yang tinggi serta pemberian pupuk kandang pada tanah yang mengandung liat lebih besar 60% dan bahan organik kurang dari 8%.Pekalongan City has brackishwater ponds with low productivity. Hence, a survey was conducted to know land characteristics as an effort to determine land suitability and land management to increase the productivity of brackishwater ponds in Pekalongan City, Central Java Province. Factors considered to determine the characteristics of land were soil, topography, hydrology, vegetation, and climate. Spatial analysis in Geographical Information System was used to determine land suitability for brackishwater ponds. Land management was determined based on the characteristics of land conditioned to the types of technology and commodity applied in the brackishwater ponds. Soil of brackishwater ponds in Pekalongan City was dominated by alluvial non-acid sulfate soil in large areas and acid sulfate soil in small areas. Source of sea water for brackishwater ponds has high turbidity and high variation of salinity due to presence of freshwater supply from Pekalongan River and man made canals. Mangrove vegetation is dominant in the coastal area of Pekalongan City, because the presence of GERHAN (National Action for Forest and Land Rehabilitation) Program. The average of rainfall in Pekalongan City is 2,230 mm/year, where low of rainfall occurrs in July until October. The result revealed that the coastal area of Pekalongan City had brackishwater ponds, paddy field, paddy field intruded saline water and settlement of 332.29 ha; 372.53 ha; 183.83ha; and 619.73 ha, respectively. From the total brackishwater ponds in Pekalongan City i.e. 331.292 ha, there were no brackishwater ponds classified as highly suitable (S1 class), but it was found moderately suitable or S2 class (191.856 ha) and marginally suitable or S3 class (140,436 ha). It is suggested to conduct improving soil quality first, including remediation of the areas that contain elements or compounds causing the high acidity of soil, fertilizing with fertilizer containing nitrogen in the areas that have high C:N ratio and applying manure in the soils that contain clay more than 60% and organic matter less than 8%. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugeng Widada ◽  
Alfi Satriadi ◽  
Baskoro Rochaddi

Coastal Region of Kangkung, Kendal Regency, Central Java Province is one of the areas that experiencing water in the dry season. Groundwater exploitation is one way solution to meet the water needs for people in the area, especially in the dry season. Therefore it is necessary to study potency of ground water in coastal area of Kangkung. The research was  conducted to determine the potential of ground water in the confined aquifer in the Coastal Region of Kangkung, Kendal District which is expected to be utilized as a source of water to meet the needs of local communities. The method used in this research is  descriptive analysis to describe the condition of aquifer, however some things are delivered quantitatively. The aquifer condition was obtained from the interpretation of geoelectricity (resistivity) data supported by geological and hydrogeological observation data and pumping test data as secondary data. Groundwater quality analysis and simple hydrochemical analysis is with Chlorida - Bicarbonat Ratio (CBR) method to know the possibility of sea water intrusion. The results showed that the aquifer in the coastal area of Kangkung has the potential of 29.13 lt / sec ground water discharge which can be utilized to meet the needs of clean water 18,800 people. Although it is adjacent to the sea, the groundwater in the study area does not undergo sea water intrusion. Groundwater quality in this location is qualified as raw drinking water according to SK Menkes No, 492/Menkes/Per/IV2010 tentang Persyaratan Kualitas Air Minum. Keywords: ground water, geoelectric, intrusion  Wilayah Pesisir Kangkung, Kabupaten Kendal Provinsi Jawa Tengah merupakan salah satu daerah yang pada musim kemarau mengalami kekeringan. Pemanfaatan air tanah merupakan salah satu cara untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bagi masyarakat di daerah tersebut, terutama pada musim kemarau. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan kajian potensi air tanah di daerah Pesisir Kangkung tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi air tanah pada akuifer dalam (tertekan) di Wilayah Pesisir Kangkung, Kabupaten Kendal yang diharapkan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber air bersih untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat setempat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah diskriptis analisis untuk menggambarkan kondisi akuifer, namun demikian beberapa hal disampaikan secara kuantitatif. Kondisi akuifer diperoleh dari hasil interpretasi data geolistrik resistiviti dengan didukung data hasil pengamatan geologi dan hidrogeologi serta data sekunder berupa hasil pumping test. Analisa kualitas air tanah dan analisis hidrokimia secara sederhana dengan metode Chlorida – Bicarbonat Ratio (CBR) dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemungkinan terjadinya intrui air laut. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa akuifer di daerah Pesisir Kangkung mempunyai potensi debit air tanah 29,13 lt/det yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih 18.800 orang. Meskipun berbatasan dengan laut, namun air tanah di daerah kajian tidak mengalami  terintrusi air laut. Kualitas air tanah di lokasi ini memenuhi syarat sebagai bahan baku air minum sesuai SK Menkes No, 492/Menkes/Per/IV2010 tentang Persyaratan Kualitas Air Minum. Kata Kunci : air tanah, geolistrik, intrusi


2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 2135-2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Soto-Navarro ◽  
G. Jordá ◽  
A. Amores ◽  
W. Cabos ◽  
S. Somot ◽  
...  

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