Uasb Treatment of Monosodium Glutamate Wastewater; Dynamic and Kinetic Behaviour of the Start-Up of the Reactor

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2441-2444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-S. Cao ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
Y.-Z. Li
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Kinetic Constants ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Monod Kinetic

Simple reactors were used to carry out the feasibility study of the anaerobic treatment of monosodium glutamate (MSG) waste water by granular sludge and the determination of Monod kinetic constants. Aerobic flocculent sludge was compared with the granular sludge. It took one month for a UASB reactor seeded with granular sludge to increase the space loading rate of MSG wastewater from 1. 87 kgCOD/m3. day to 18. 9 kgCOD/m3. day. The maximum influent concentration of COD ranged between 4500 to 5000 mg/L, and the removal efficiency was around 80%. Gas production and process stability was satisfied. Preliminary design parameters and some recommendations were given. Sludge bed expanding and wash–out during start–up process were observed and discussed. The application of the kinetic constants obtained from the feasibility study to the UASB start–up process indicated that the activity of the granular sludge increased substantially; they could not be used to describe the UASB process.

High-Rate Anaerobic Treatment of Industrial Wastewaters

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rintala
Keyword(s):  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Uasb Reactors

Anaerobic mesophilic treatment of synthetic (a mixture of acetate and methanol) and thermomechanical pulping (TMP) wastewater was studied in laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors and filters with emphasis on the process start-up. The reactors were inoculated with nongranular sludge. The start-up of mesophilic and thermophilic processes inoculated with mesophilic granular sludge was investigated in UASB reactors fed with diluted vinasse. The start-up proceeded faster in the filters than in the UASB reactors with TMP and synthetic wastewater. Loading rates of over 15 kgCODm−3d−1 with 50-60 % COD removal efficiencies were achieved in 10 days in the mesophilic and in 50 days in the thermophilic UASB reactor treating vinasse. The results show that high-rate anaerobic treatment can be applied to different types of industrial wastewaters under varying conditions.

Start up of Thermophilic UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) Reactors Using Micro-Carrier and Mesophilic Granular Sludge

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 877-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ohtsuki ◽  
M. Watanabe ◽  
Y. Miyaji
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ph Dependence ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Initial Seed

Two start-up methods of thermophilic UASB reactor were investigated for fast start-ups; one utilized micro-carrier as an initial support material and the other used intact mesophilic UASB granules as an initial seed. With both methods thermophilic granules having high activity were obtained in less than 3 months, even with acidified wastewater. Maximum sludge load for VFA substrate and sugar substrate were 3.2 and 0.9 kgCOD/kgVSS/day, respectively. Pre-acidogenesis was indispensable for high-performance treatment of sugar-containing substrate. It was proven that with a two-phase system sludge load could be raised to 3.0 kgCOD/kgVSS/day for sugar containing wastewaters. Some features of obtained sludge were examined, including maximum substrate utilizing activities, temperature dependence, pH dependence, and activity deterioration under lower loading conditions.

Study on IC Reactor Treating Straw-Washing Wastewater and Changes of Sludge Bed

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2834-2843
Author(s):  
Ke Zeng ◽  
Shi Hao Liu ◽  
Yu Jie Hou ◽  
Ming Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Washing Wastewater ◽  
Operation Phase ◽  
Washing Water

In this paper, we utilized IC reactor to treat straw-washing wastewater of straw pulping and papermaking. The removal rate of COD in normal operation is 28.14%, which is much lower than the value of wake-up stage and acclimation stage; gas production rate in the whole normal operation phase kept a lower level, and the average is 12.36L/h; so straw-washing water is not suitable for advanced anaerobic treatment. While COD removal rate is 28.14%, SCOD removal rate is only 6.96%; added the effluent VFA concentration which is 692~1211mg/L is greatly exceed normal control level, we can know that when treating straw-washing water the biological system was under acidification phase of the anaerobic process. Thus the straw-washing water is suitable for hydrolysis-acidification Process. Granular size of seed sludge was 3~5mm, 100 days later it became 1.5~3mm, and 120 days later it was 1~2.5mm mainly, With the acidification occurring, the mass proportion of the granular sludge to total sludge was reduced, the proportions of 2# and 3# sampling ports are decreasing from 70~85% to 30~50%. Because of lack of adequate nutrition and appropriate loading conditions, straw-washing water can’t support the cultivation and maintenance of granular sludge.

scholarly journals Anaerobic treatment of domestic sewage at low temperature

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Elmitwalli ◽  
Gr. Zeeman ◽  
G. Lettinga
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Attached Form

The results of research concerning the feasibility of anaerobic treatment of domestic sewage at low temperature are summarized in this article. The batch tests demonstrated a high biodegradability of domestic sewage at 20°C (74%). Both batch and continuous experiments for the treatment of domestic sewage showed that the removal of SS prior to anaerobic treatment of domestic sewage not only provides a stable reactor performance but also improves the removal of both colloidal (CODcol) and dissolved COD (CODdis). The results of the pre-treatment of domestic sewage in an anaerobic filter (AF) and an anaerobic hybrid (AH) reactor showed that the AF reactor is an efficient process for the removal of suspended COD (CODss), viz. 82%, at an HRT of 4 h and 13°C. The novel AF reactor consists of vertical sheets of reticulated polyurethane foam with knobs, where the biomass was only in attached form. For the treatment of pre-settled sewage at 13°C, the AH reactor, with granular sludge, showed a higher total COD (CODt) removal than the UASB reactor as a result of higher CODcol removal. Therefore, the performance of a two-step system, AF+AH (with granular sludge) reactor, was investigated with different HRTs at 13°C. For optimization of CODss and CODdis an HRT of 4+4 h is needed, while for optimization of CODcol removal an HRT of 4+8 h is required. A CODt removal of 71% was achieved with 60% conversion to methane from the removed CODt when the AF+AH system was operated at an HRT of 4+8 h at 13°C.

Start-up of a thermophilic upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor with mesophilic granular sludge

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules B. van Lier ◽  
Katja C. F. Grolle ◽  
Alfons J. M. Stams ◽  
Everly Conway de Macario ◽  
Gatze Lettinga
Keyword(s):  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Start Up

A Modified UASB Process Treating Winery Wastewater

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Cheng ◽  
J. J. Lay ◽  
Y. T. Wei ◽  
M. H. Wu ◽  
G. D. Roam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Winery Wastewater ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Bmp Test ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Different Characteristics

During the last two years,twenty-seven bioreactors of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB) process were constructed and operated well to treat 3,300 m3/day of winery wastewater in six winery plants in Taiwan. Each UASB reactor was installed with an internal filter and a side-armed sludge settler to separate gas-liquid-solid effectively in 127 m3 of reactor volume.These six plants established good performance of UASB process with different organic loadings depending on different characteristics of the winery wastewater. Start-up performance of the modified UASB process in four winery plants was investigated.Bioactivity of anaerobic sludge in each UASB was evaluated by means of Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP)test. Biokinetics of Monod and Haldane models were employed to interpret the different sludge characteristics in terms of gas production rate. Scanning electronic microscopy also showed different morphology of sludge granules in three UASB systems.

Anaerobic treatment of Wastewater from a fish-canning factory in a full-scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pun˜al ◽  
J. M. Lema
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Upward Velocity ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The start-up and optimisation of a 380 m3 UASB reactor (Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) treating wastewater from a fish-canning factory was carried out. At the beginning of the operation the Organic Loading Rate (OLR) was 1 kg COD/m3·d. Then, the load was gradually increased in steps of 50% OLR until the final capacity of the system (4 kg COD/m3·d) was achieved. Wastewater characteristics were highly dependent on the canned product (mussel, tuna, sardines, etc.). In spite of that, a stable operation working at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 days was maintained. Total Alkalinity (TA) always presented values higher than 3 g CaCO3/l, while the IA/TA ratio (Intermediate Alalinity/Total Alkalinity) was always maintained lower than 0.3. In order to improve granulation conditions, upward velocities from 0.5 to 0.8 m/h were applied. The highest values caused the washout of non-granulated biomass from the reactor, optimum operation being achieved at an upward velocity of 0.7 m/h.

ANAEROBIC TREATMENT OF DISTILLERY SLOPS IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF CENTRAL EUROPE

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Pavel Jenícek ◽  
Jana Zábranská ◽  
Michal Dohányos
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Volumetric Loading

Anaerobic treatment of many kinds of slops is one of the most progressive ways for the reuse of this material. The special feature of Central Europe is that the largest proportion of ethanol is produced by fermentation, and the raw material in big distilleries is only sugar beet molasses. The consequence of this is a large production of slops in small regions, and as far as the quality of slops is concerned, a relatively high content of inert and nonbiodegradable organic compounds in comparison with other more valuable raw materials, such as grapes, fruits, cereals, potatoes, etc. A two-year operation of the pilot scale UASB reactor bas shown that molasses slops are a suitable material for anaerobic treatment The slops were diluted by other wastewaters from the distillery to a concentration of about 25 g.l‒1 COD and then treated in the pilot reactor at 32°C with the following average results: COD removal efficiency 78.8 %; volumetric loading rate 7.1 kg.m-3.d‒1; volumetric gas production 2.6 m3.m‒3.d‒1; specific gas production 0.47 m3.kg‒1. The results achieved confi11II that molasses slops are a source of energy. For example, Czech distilleries could potentially produce 12-17 million m3 of the valuable gas fuel per annum.

scholarly journals Start-Up Characteristics of a Granule-Based Anammox UASB Reactor Seeded with Anaerobic Granular Sludge

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xiong ◽  
Yun-Yan Wang ◽  
Chong-Jian Tang ◽  
Li-Yuan Chai ◽  
Kang-Que Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Nitrite Removal ◽  
Conventional Medium

The granulation of anammox sludge plays an important role in the high nitrogen removal performance of the anammox reactor. In this study, anaerobic granular sludge was selected as the seeding sludge to start up anammox reactor in order to directly obtain anammox granules. Results showed that the anammox UASB reactor was successfully started up by inoculating anaerobic granular sludge, with substrate capacity of 4435.2 mg/(L·d) and average ammonium and nitrite removal efficiency of 90.36% and 93.29%, respectively. During the start-up course, the granular sludge initially disintegrated and then reaggregated and turned red, suggesting the high anammox performance. Zn-Fe precipitation was observed on the surface of granules during the operation by SEM-EDS, which would impose inhibition to the anammox activity of the granules. Accordingly, it is suggested to relatively reduce the trace metals concentrations, of Fe and Zn in the conventional medium. The findings of this study are expected to be used for a shorter start-up and more stable operation of anammox system.

Anaerobic Digestion of Distillery Wastewater in a Two-Phase UASB System

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 361-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-S. Shin ◽  
B.-U. Bae ◽  
J.-J. Lee ◽  
B.-C. Paik
Keyword(s):  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Distillery Wastewater ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Methanogenic Phase

A two-phase UASB system was operated for high-rate treatment of concentrated distillery wastewater. The phase separation was obtained by adjusting pH in each reactor. When influent SS concentration was 4.1 g/l, the first phase UASB reactor was effectively operated up to the loading rate of 16.5 kg COD/m3.day, producing 3.9 g HAc/l.day. In the methanogenic UASB reactor, loading rates up to 44 kg COD/m3.day could be applied while removing 80 % of influent COD with a specific gas production of 16.5 l/l.day. After the formation of granular sludge in both reactors, it was possible to maintain the appropriate pH in the first phase only by recirculating the effluent from the methanogenic phase without the addition of alkaline chemicals. The morphological study on the granular sludge consortia was made with both scanning and transmission electron microscopes. It was interesting to find the granules of different color and shape in the acidogenic phase in 90 days and in the methanogenic phase in 120 days after start-up. The acidogenic granular sludge mainly consisted of long chains of large rods, short plump rods, and various size of cocci, which have a different shape and cytoplasmic appearance from common methanogenic bacteria. Whereas the long multicellular filaments of Methanothrix spp. were prevalent in the methanogenic granule, diverse bacteria were entrapped therein.

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