Studies on a biological filter for musty odor removal in drinking water treatment processes

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Terauchi ◽  
T. Ohtani ◽  
K. Yamanaka ◽  
T. Tsuji ◽  
T. Sudou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Biological Filter ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Odor Removal ◽  
Musty Odor ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Carbon Additions

Pilot plant studies on biological filter treatment for musty odor in drinking water were conducted. The plant was operated for 2 years at a filtration rate of 170 m/d and the surface water of Lake Biwa was employed as an influent. 2-Methylisoborneol (MIB) produced by Oscillatoria tenuis was the main cause of the musty odor. In the season of natural musty odor generation, total MIB concentration and the insoluble to total MIB concentration ratio in the influent varied to a large extent, but removal efficiencies of MIB by the filter were about 60 to 80%. Out of the season of natural musty odor, reagent MIB was added to the influent and the removal efficiencies obtained were about 70 to 80%. In addition to MIB, color, turbidity, Fe, Mn, NH4-N and KMnO4 consumption value were also effectively removed by the biological filter. Using the effluent from the filter, jar tests for powdered activated carbon treatment and coagulation-sedimentation treatment were conducted. From the results, the biological filter treatment seemed to effectively decrease the powdered activated carbon consumption even in cases where powdered activated carbon additions might be needed. No ill effect on coagulation-sedimentation treatment was seen and the required coagulant dosage was less in water after biological filter treatment.

Odor removal by powdered activated carbon (PAC) in low turbidity drinking water

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1017-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiulai He ◽  
Lin Zhong ◽  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
Zhuocheng Zou ◽  
Dan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Odor Removal

The potential of powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption for odor removal in low turbidity drinking water was investigated. The batch experiments were conducted under various conditions including PAC species, dosage, contact time and dosing point. The effects of pre-chlorination and PAC dosage on turbidity were also studied. Results showed that adsorption was quite vulnerable to initial threshold odor number (TON), and higher influent TON required a larger dosage. Both PAC species (derived from coal and wood) presented excellent adsorption capacity for odorants. The adsorption process versus time had three steps and the adsorption kinetics were well fitted by the second order model. Pre-chlorination had an adverse effect on both raw water TON and odor removal. PAC adsorption was enhanced by dosing during coagulation and could, in turn, save coagulant dosage.

scholarly journals Removal of radio N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from drinking water by coagulation and Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) adsorption

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chung ◽  
Y. Yoon ◽  
M. Kim ◽  
S.-B. Lee ◽  
H.-J. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Background Electrolyte ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Treatment Processes

Abstract. The presence of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in drinking water supplies has raised concern over its removal by common drinking water treatment processes. A simple detection method based on scintillation spectroscopy has been used to quantify the concentration of 14C-labeled NDMA at various ratios of sample to scintillation liquid. Without sample pretreatment, the method detection limits are 0.91, 0.98, 1.23, and 1.45 ng/L of NDMA at scintillation intensity ratios of 10:10, 5:15, 15:5, and 2.5:17.5 (sample: scintillation liquid), respectively. The scintillation intensity in all cases is linear (R2>0.99) and is in the range of 0 to 100 ng/L of NDMA. In addition, because scintillation intensity is independent of solution pH, conductivity, and background electrolyte ion types, a separate calibration curve is unnecessary for NDMA samples at different solution conditions. Bench-scale experiments were performed to simulate individual treatment processes, which include coagulation and adsorption by powdered activated carbon (PAC), as used in a drinking water treatment plant, and biosorption, a technique used in biological treatment of waste water. The commonly used coagulation process for particulate control and biosorption is ineffective for removing NDMA (<10% by coagulation and <20% by biosorption). However, high doses of PAC may be applied to remove NDMA.

Prediction of powdered activated carbon doses for 2-MIB removal in drinking water treatment using a simplified HSDM approach

Chemosphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwei Yu ◽  
Fong-Chen Yang ◽  
Wei-Nung Hung ◽  
Chia-Ling Liu ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon

Removal of selected pharmaceuticals by chlorination, coagulation–sedimentation and powdered activated carbon treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Simazaki ◽  
J. Fujiwara ◽  
S. Manabe ◽  
M. Matsuda ◽  
M. Asami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Clofibric Acid ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Carbon Treatment

Removal property of nine pharmaceuticals (clofibric acid, diclofenac, fenoprofen, gemfibrozil, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen, naproxen and propyphenazone) by chlorination, coagulation–sedimentation and powdered activated carbon treatment was examined by laboratory-scale experiments under the conditions close to actual drinking water treatment processes. Indomethacin and propyphenazone were completely degraded by chlorination within 30 minutes, but others remained around 30% (naproxen and diclofenac) or more than 80% of the initial concentration after 24 hours. A couple of unidentified peaks in a chromatogram of the chlorinated samples suggested the formation of unknown chlorination by-products. Competitive adsorption was observed when the mixed solution of the target pharmaceuticals was subjected to batch adsorption test with powdered activated carbon. Clofibric acid and ibuprofen, which were relatively less hydrophobic among the nine compounds, persisted around 60% of the initial concentration after 3 hours of contact time. Removal performance in actual drinking water treatment would become lower due to existence of other competitive substances in raw water (e.g. natural organic matter). Coagulation–sedimentation using polyaluminium chloride hardly removed most of the pharmaceuticals even under its optimal dose for turbidity removal. It is suggested that the most part of pharmaceuticals in raw water might persist in the course of conventional drinking water treatments.

Efficiency of membrane processes for taste and odor removal

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bruchet ◽  
J.M. Laîné
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Air Stripping ◽  
Membrane Processes ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Taste And Odor ◽  
Odor Removal ◽  
Water Companies

The occurrence of tastes and odors (T&O) in drinking water is considered as one of the main problems by the drinking water companies. Thus, several treatment processes were developed over the years to control T&O including air stripping, activated carbon and oxidation using ozone. However, little information is available in the literature on the use of membranes for T&O removal. Therefore, the objectives of this paper are to present potential of membrane processes for removal of taste and odor causing compounds. Several membranes were tested including ultrafiltration (UF), UF combined with powdered activated carbon (PAC), nanofiltration (NF) and low pressure reverse osmosis (LP RO) membranes. The results of this study indicate that the combination of UF with PAC is effective for T&O control whereas the benefit of NF and LP RO remains unclear for T&O control.

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