Sustaining our rivers in crisis: setting the international agenda for action

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Petts
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Civic Life ◽  
Short Term ◽  
International Context ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Basic Resource ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of

The history of streams and rivers is as much a social and technological history as it is a scientific one. Rivers are the lifeblood of nations and the control of their waters has been fundamental to the building of human civilisations. The control or regulation of rivers embodied the advancement of institutions, administration and co-ordination; it was a manifestation of military and economic power. Yet the history of human development is also characterised by the degradation of the basic resource - polluted water, increased flooding, and the loss of biological diversity. Many early civilisations collapsed in the face of environmental degradation, manifest by flood, drought, famine and plague. The Industrial Revolution upon which modern societies are founded was based upon a short-term vision that has left rivers in crisis, marked by a legacy of pollution, slums, a loss of confidence in civic life, and a loss of ownership of places and spaces - once seen to be at the heart of civilised society. Within this global or international context of water management, this paper examines the impacts and future of rivers and water within the United Kingdom, establishing some principles for such management in other settings.

Disability and Work in South Asia and the United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Buckingham
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Disability History ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Indian Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western View

Historical analyses, as well as more contemporary examples of disability and work, show that the experience of disability is always culturally and historically mediated, but that class—in the sense of economic status—plays a major role in the way impairment is experienced as disabling. Although there is little published on disability history in India, the history of the Indian experience of caste disability demonstrates the centrality of work in the social and economic expression of stigma and marginalization. An Indian perspective supports the challenge to the dominant Western view that modern concepts of disability have their origins in the Industrial Revolution. Linkage between disability, incapacity to work, and low socioeconomic status are evident in India, which did not undergo the workplace changes associated with industrialization in the West.

Belonging

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-80
Author(s):  
Mary Gilmartin ◽  
Patricia Burke Wood ◽  
Cian O’Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of

This chapter discusses the issue of belonging. It first focuses on citizenship, which is often described as formal belonging. While citizenship is regularly framed as ‘natural’ and ‘common sense’, it is argued that it is never fully stable or secure. This is shown in practice through the example of the United Kingdom and Ireland, specifically, how the Brexit vote has had knock-on consequences for how citizenship and belonging is being re-imagined in both places. This is contrasted with the practice of citizenship in the United States, where, despite effusive expressions of unity, articulations of belonging have a deep history of division and exclusion. It considers both the barriers to formal belonging experienced by undocumented residents of the United States and the ways in which citizens themselves struggle to achieve inclusion and equality in the face of increasingly explicit intolerance.

scholarly journals New Issues in British Business History

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Hannah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Business History ◽  
High Quality ◽  
International Context ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of

Business history has been a thriving academic industry in Britain for the last three decades. Following some pioneering case studies of Industrial Revolution entrepreneurs by the early giants of the discipline of economic history, the postwar generation has produced a series of high quality company histories. The first of these, published in 1954, was Charles Wilson's history of the Anglo-Dutch multinational Unilever, formed by a merger of Lever Brothers and Margarine Unie in 1929. Wilson's book set the pattern for a high standard of scholarship, resting on complete freedom of access to company archives, and for publication based on scholarly independence rather than the public relations needs of the commissioning organization. If some of its terms of reference now seem dated, and its framework of analysis somewhat unscientific, then that is an indication of the incentive Wilson provided for others to do better, particularly in the use of economic theory and of comparative analysis setting firms in their industrial or international context.

Politics, Independence, and Retirees

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Conti-Brown
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Central Banking ◽  
Time Inconsistency ◽  
Short Term ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
Low Interest Rates ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of

Until recently, it was widely believed that central banks must protect people from their own worst instincts: the populace demands easy money and low interest rates, and a politically sensitive representative class will give it to them. Central banks have the responsibility of resolving this time inconsistency problem by protecting the long-term value of the currency even against the short term demands of politics. Yet the financial crisis of 2008 and the 2016 election have changed this narrative. This chapter explores how this new political economy of central banking, in the face of long-term low interest rates, changes the posture of central banks against the rest of the polity. It discusses some history of political pressures against central banks in other climates and makes predictions about how the ‘new normal’ of lower interest rates will challenge the Fed’s ability to stay above the political fray, despite its best intentions.

scholarly journals A history of biogeographical regionalisation in Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3392 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MALTE C. EBACH
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
History Of

The development of Australian biogeographical regionalisation since 1858 has been driven by colonial 19th-centuryexploration and by the late 20th-century biodiversity crisis. The intervening years reduced existing large scaleregionalisation into smaller taxon specific areas of vegetation or endemism. However, large scale biotic biogeographicalregionalisation was rediscovered during multi-disciplinary meetings and conferences, sparking short-term revivals whichhave ended in constant revisions at smaller and smaller taxonomic scales. In 1995 and 1998, the Interim BiogeographicRegionalisation for Australia and the Integrated Marine and Coastal Regionalisation of Australia, AustralianCommonwealth funded initiatives in order to “identify appropriate regionalisations to assess and plan for the protectionof biological diversity”, have respectively replaced 140 years of Australian biogeographical regionalisation schemes. Thispaper looks at the rise and slow demise of biogeographical regionalisation in Australia in light of a fractured taxonomic biogeographical community.

“Taking in the Broad Spectrum”: Human Rights and Anti-Politics in the Chile Solidarity Campaign (UK) of the 1970s

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 623-643
Author(s):  
Alyssa Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Political Bias ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Salvador Allende ◽  
Human Rights Movement ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of

Abstract Chile’s 1973 military coup has often been cited as a watershed moment in the history of contemporary human rights. To be sure, the overthrow of democratically elected socialist President Salvador Allende and the brutality of Pinochet’s new military junta inspired wide international outrage, much of which came to be articulated in the language of human rights. Yet international opposition to Pinochet did not begin predominantly as a human rights movement. In examining the Chile Solidarity Campaign (CSC) in the United Kingdom, this article suggests that the Chile solidarity movement’s eventual embrace of human rights talk was due in part to the left’s turn to “anti-politics.” The CSC sought to “take in the broad spectrum” of political opinion in its campaign because such a tactic fit the organization’s goal of isolating the junta internationally, avoided the threat of division among the Chilean and British left, emulated the success of such broad fronts in other European Chile solidarity organizations, and abided by the tactical direction of much of the Chilean left in exile. The ostensibly “anti-political” language of human rights promoted organizational unity and also allowed the CSC to skirt accusations of political bias. However, the rejection of overt political considerations had longer-term implications. As Chilean Christian Democrats (PDC) altered the face of opposition to Pinochet in the late 1970s, the CSC and other international allies increasingly supported the more moderate line promoted by the PDC leadership.

Natural History of Microprolactinomas: Six-Year Follow-up

Neurosurgery ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin H. Weiss ◽  
James Teal ◽  
Peggy Gott ◽  
Robert Wycoff ◽  
Richard Yadley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

Abstract A 6-year follow-up of patients harboring microprolactinomas suggests that few patients (3 of 27) demonstrate significant growth of their tumor during this time. The major hazard for such patients who are not treated seems to be their risk for the development of premature osteoporosis in the face of sustained hyperprolactinemia. The risks of this complication may exceed the risks of early surgical intervention in selected patients. This short term risk of tumor growth (about 10%) must be weighed in the decision about therapeutic endeavors.

scholarly journals EP.FRI.749 Facial augmentation surgery: Perception vs. Reality

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashan Saber ◽  
Shadaab Mumtaz ◽  
Chrysavgi Oikonomou
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Removal ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Facial Surgery ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Facial Augmentation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Caucasian Female

Abstract Background In recent years, aesthetic surgeries have gained significant momentum. A recent audit identified that more than 28,000 cosmetic surgeries were performed in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018.1. We present an unfortunate case of morbid complications related to the use of malar implant for cosmesis. Case Presentation A 63-year-old Caucasian female presented to the Emergency department with sepsis related to a large painful, tender swelling of the right side of the face. There was discharge of pus from two cutaneous sinuses with additional ectropion/chemosis of the right eye. An orocutaneous communication due to infection/migration of the implant was also noted. The patient reported a history of bilateral malar implants placement three years ago. The patient initially required emergency drainage & subsequent removal of the infected malar implant. Discussion Malar implants provide suitable volume enhancement providing structural and aesthetic benefits including the ‘high cheek bone’ appearance. It is generally considered to be a safe surgical technique with multiple approaches possible to insert the implant. including transoral approach). Spadafora (1971) & Hinderer (1972) first described the use of malar implants for facial augmentation.2,3 Rayess et al.(2017) conducted a 10 year review of complications related to facial implants & noted that 75% of complications related to malar implants were due to infection with 38% of these implants needing removal.4 Conclusion There is a surge in presentations of complications related to cosmetic facial surgery and knowledge of these adverse effects is essential to appropriately manage these patients & their concerns.

The Film World’s Cooperative Store: Institutions and Films of the 1930s and 1940s

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Early History ◽  
World War ◽  
International Context ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This chapter traces the early history of state-sponsored informational filmmaking in Denmark, emphasising its organisation as a ‘cooperative’ of organisations and government agencies. After an account of the establishment and early development of the agency Dansk Kulturfilm in the 1930s, the chapter considers two of its earliest productions, both process films documenting the manufacture of bricks and meat products. The broader context of documentary in Denmark is fleshed out with an account of the production and reception of Poul Henningsen’s seminal film Danmark (1935), and the international context is accounted for with an overview of the development of state-supported filmmaking in the UK, Italy and Germany. Developments in the funding and output of Dansk Kulturfilm up to World War II are outlined, followed by an account of the impact of the German Occupation of Denmark on domestic informational film. The establishment of the Danish Government Film Committee or Ministeriernes Filmudvalg kick-started aprofessionalisation of state-sponsored filmmaking, and two wartime public information films are briefly analysed as examples of its early output. The chapter concludes with an account of the relations between the Danish Resistance and an emerging generation of documentarists.

Remedies for Breach of Contract: The Future Development of Scots Law in its European and International Context

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector L MacQueen
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
European Contract ◽  
Breach Of Contract ◽  
International Context ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
Law Commission

This paper,first presented on 21 October 1995 at ajoint seminar ofthe Scottish Law Commission and the Faculty of Law, University of Edinburgh, on the subject of breach of contract, considers the future development of the law in this area, first by considering its history and current state in comparative terms and drawing the conclusion that it is characterised by a mixture of Civilian and Common Law elements; second, by comparing Scots law with the provisions on breach contained in recently published proposals for a harmonised law of contract (the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts, the Principles of European Contract Law prepared by the Lando Commission, and the draft “code”for the United Kingdom prepared on behalf of the English Law Commission by Harvey McGregor in the late 1960s) and in international conventions on the sale of goods. Although Scots law emerges reasonably wellfrom this exercise, there are a number of points to be taken on board in any future reform, as well as some insights into important underlying principles.

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