Stabilization of heavy metals in sewage sludge composting process

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-Y. Chiang ◽  
S.-D. Yoi ◽  
H.N. Lin ◽  
K.-S. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Maturation Rate ◽  
Sludge Composting

This study investigated the stabilization of heavy metals in a sewage sludge composting process using kaoline addition. The results indicate that the temperature increased rapidly to the thermophilic phase (>55°C) at day 1. The additives enhanced the rate of biodegradation and microbial activity during the co-composting process. The changes in pH (ranging from 8 to 8.5) and electrical conductivity (EC) (≤3 mS/cm) were in compliance with the best conditions during the co-composting process. The C/N ratio was determined in each co-compost sample as an indicator of the co-compost maturity. From the end product of the co-compost experiment, changes in the ratios indicate that the additives promote the co-compost maturation rate. Based on the physicochemical characteristics of the co-compost, the potential use for sewage sludge resource recovery as manure is suggested. The total concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Zn in the co-compost product were far below the limit values for agricultural use. The leachability of Pb, Cu, and Cr decreased with increasing co-composting time. That is, the kaoline additive has an inhibitory capacity for leaching heavy metals. The Cd concentrations in the sludge compost were below the detection limits. Because the total concentration of Zn was high in the sludge compost and most soluble Zn was leachable, the leachability of Zn ranged from 25% to 29%. As a result of the physicochemical characteristics and heavy metal stabilization, the selected additive was shown to improve the sewage sludge compost quality and provide information for agricultural applications.

Vermiremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals in sewage sludge composting process

2017 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Rorat ◽  
Dariusz Wloka ◽  
Anna Grobelak ◽  
Anna Grosser ◽  
Aleksandra Sosnecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Sludge Composting

scholarly journals Assessment of content and chemical forms of arsenic, copper, lead, and chromium in sewage sludge compost as affected by various bulking agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
Mahboub Saffari ◽  
Vahid Reza Saffari ◽  
Hojatollah Khabazzadeh ◽  
Hormazd Naghavi
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Bulking Agents ◽  
Chemical Forms ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Mobility Factor ◽  
Arsenic Copper ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractIn current study, the effect of various organic substances as bulking agents (BAs) including wheat straw, pistachio hull wastes, and tree leaves at different levels (10, 25, 45% v/v) were investigated on total concentration and chemical forms of Cu, Pb, Cr, and As in sewage sludge (SS) compost prepared by windrow method. According to the results, the composting process (with/without BAs), due to losses of SS mass and volume, increased the total concentration of heavy metals (HMs) compared to the un-composted SS sample (RSS). Evaluation of HMs chemical forms in prepared compost sample without BAs application (CSS) showed that the composting process reduced the mobility factor of As (from 28% to 20%), Pb (from 11.6% to 9.3%), and Cr (from 14.5% to 9.2%) compared to the RSS. Application of three BAs considerably decreased the mobility factor of As (17.5-18.8%), Pb (4.8-7.9%), and Cr (1.4-6.8%) compared to CSS and RSS. Changes of Cu mobility in prepared compost samples showed an unclear trend, however in some treatments, due to transferred organic fraction into exchangeable and carbonate fractions, increasing of this factor was obvious. Generally, the composting appeared to reduce As, Pb, and Cr availability by stabilizing the three metals and making them more stable and less mobile. In addition, the BAs application effect on HMs behavior of SS compost samples were so different and no specific kind of BAs can be recommended as a superior BAs in SS composting process.

scholarly journals Influence of Hydrothermal Carbonization on Composition, Formation and Elimination of Biphenyls, Dioxins and Furans in Sewage Sludge

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiner Brookman ◽  
Fabian Gievers ◽  
Volker Zelinski ◽  
Jan Ohlert ◽  
Achim Loewen
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Composition Formation ◽  
Input Material ◽  
Dioxins And Furans ◽  
Toxicity Equivalent

In many areas of application, the influence of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) on the composition of organic pollutants is still unexplored. In this study, sewage sludge (SS) was carbonized and the input as well as the hydrochar were examined for the organic pollutants: polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDFs). The process temperatures of carbonization were 200 °C, 220 °C, and 240 °C and the holding time was 5 h for all tests. The total concentration of PCBs was relatively stable for all temperatures, whereas the toxicity equivalent (WHO-TEQ) at 200 °C and 220 °C increases compared to the input material. The strongest impact on toxicity was observed for PCDDs where concentrations were reduced for higher temperatures, whereas the toxicity increases by more than 16 times for temperatures of 240 °C. The concentrations and toxicity of PCDFs were reduced for all carbonization temperatures. In hydrochar from HTC at 240 °C, the limit values for the application of SS in German agriculture have been exceeded. The results indicate that the process conditions for HTC should be controlled also for SS with average contamination if the hydrochar is to be used as material, especially in agriculture.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOILS TREATED WITH SEWAGE SLUDGE COMPOST

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Milda Radžiūtė ◽  
Audronė Matusevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Waste Dump ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Sewage Sludge Compost

Sewage dump is the main organic waste component accumulating in water treatment companies, and therefore the utilization of dump remains a burning issue. Fertilization is the most popular and cheapest way of using sewage dump a part of which is intended for agriculture in most European countries for composting purposes. Sewage dump or its compost are suitable for fertilizing the upper layers of the soil in cases the concentration of heavy metals is not greater than sanitarian standards can tolerate. The examinations were carried out using different waste dump rates from Vilnius water treatment facility in willow (Salix viminalis) grown cultivated fields. The analysis of the soil was executed after one and two years following the fertilization process. The obtained results indicate that waste dump is a valuable organic fertilizer which contains small amounts of heavy metals. Separate heavy metals migrate from sewage sludge compost to plants differently. It was noted that the concentration of heavy metals in willows was greater (except for Pb and Cd) than that in the soil.

Trend of heavy metals in sewage sludge compost and quality as the fertilizer

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-254
Author(s):  
Shin-ichiro Mishima ◽  
Akira Kawasaki ◽  
Mitsuo Komada
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Sewage Sludge Compost

scholarly journals Influence of maize straw content with sewage sludge on composting process

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Czekała ◽  
Jacek Dach ◽  
Damian Janczak ◽  
Anna Smurzyńska ◽  
Agnieszka Kwiatkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
High Price ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
New Members ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Cereal Straw ◽  
Maize Straw ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Sludge Composting

Abstract After entrance to EU in 2004, the management of sewage sludge has become more and more important problem for the new members. In Poland, one of the most promising technologies is composting process of sewage sludge with carbonaceous materials. However, the high price of typically used cereal straw forces the specialists to look for new and cheap materials used as donor of carbon and substrates creating good, porous structure of composted heap. This work presents the results of sewage sludge composting mixed with sawdust and maize straw used to create structure favorable for air exchange. The results show dynamic thermophilic phase of composting process in all cases where maize straw was used.

Effect of Turning on Moisture Content in Sewage Sludge Composting

2013 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 457-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nian Hong ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Xue Hong Zhang ◽  
Tong Bin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Water Reduction ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Cooling Phase ◽  
Sludge Composting

Turning can supply oxygen and increase dewatering efficiency during the composting process. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of turning on water removal. In this study, different turning modes were used in different fermentation phases. Results showed that turning in thermophilic phase improve the efficiency of water removal; in cooling phase, higher turning frequency resulted in lower water removal; turning in temperature-increasing phase had no significant effect on water removal. Unturning in the temperature-increasing phase, turning once in the thermophilic phase, and turning every 4 days in the cooling phase achieved the best effects of water removal, the water reduction was 0.566 tonston-1 matrix.

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