Occurrence and die-off of indicator organisms in the sediment in two constructed wetlands

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Stentström ◽  
A. Carlander
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Factors Affecting

The interest in constructed wetlands for municipal wastewater and stormwater treatment has recently increased but data for the reduction efficiency of indicator organisms are often restricted to the water phase. In a full-scale wastewater wetland in Sweden fecal coliforms and enterococci were reduced by 97-99.9% and coliphages by approximately 70%. The factors affecting the reduction are however less well understood. In two full-scale wetlands, for stormwater and wastewater treatment, an assessment has been done of the particle associated fraction of indicator organisms. No significant differences in the particle-associated numbers were seen between the inlet and the outlet of the wetlands, but the amounts of sedimenting particles varied between the two sites. In the stormwater wetland the amount of sedimenting particles at the outlet was 3% of the amount at the inlet, while the wastewater wetland had much lower particle removal efficiency. The reduction of suspended particles seems to be the main factor for bacterial elimination from the water phase, governed by vegetation and design. In the sediment, survival of presumptive E.coli, fecal enterococci, Clostridium and coliphages were long with T90-values of 27, 27, 252 and 370 days, respectively. The organisms can however be reintroduced by resuspension. Viruses in the water phase may be of main concern for a risk assessment of receiving waters.

Microbial indicator removal in onsite constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in the southeastern U.S.

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.C. Barrett ◽  
M.D. Sobsey ◽  
C.H. House ◽  
K.D. White
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Somatic Coliphages ◽  
Wastewater Indicator ◽  
Male Specific

Seven onsite constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in the coastal plains of Alabama and North Carolina were studied from September 1997 to July 1998. Each site was examined for its ability to remove a range of fecal contamination indicators from settled wastewater. Indicator organisms include total and fecal coliforms, enterococci, Clostridium perfringens, and somatic and male-specific (F+) coliphages. Four identical domestic wastewater treatment sites in Alabama were evaluated. In these sites the Log10 geometric mean reductions ranged between 0.5 and 2.6 for total and fecal coliforms, 0.1 and 1.5 for enterococci, 1.2 to 2.7 for C. perfringens, -0.3 and 1.2 for somatic coliphages, and -0.2 and 2.2 for F+ coliphages. Three unique designs were examined in North Carolina. Log10 geometric mean reductions ranged between 0.8 to 4.2 for total and fecal coliforms, 0.3 to 2.9 for enterococci, 1.6 to 2.9 for C. perfringens, -0.2 and 2.8 for somatic coliphages, and -0.1 and 1.5 for F+ coliphages. Somatic and F+ coliphage detection was highly variable from month to month.

Removal of Salmonella and microbial indicators in constructed wetlands treating swine wastewater

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.R. Hill ◽  
M.D. Sobsey
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Viral Indicators

Reductions of Salmonella bacteria and enteric microbial indicator organisms were measured in swine wastewater treated by a field-scale surface flow (SF) constructed wetland at a commercial hog nursery in North Carolina and in laboratory-scale SF and subsurface flow (SSF) constructed wetland reactors. Overall reductions of Salmonella, fecal coliforms and E. coli were 96, 98 and 99%, respectively, in the two-cell field-scale wetland. Somatic and F-specific coliphage viral indicators were reduced by 99 and 98%, respectively. Reductions of Salmonella, fecal coliforms and E. coli were similar in the first cell of the field system and in the laboratory-scale SF wetland operated at a TKN loading of 25 kg ha-1 d-1 and 30°C (approximately 70, 90 and 90%, respectively). In the SSF wetland reactor, Salmonella and fecal coliform reductions were 80 and 98%, respectively, at a 40 kg TKN ha-1 d-1 loading and 99.8 and 99.99%, respectively, at a 10 kg TKN ha-1 d-1 loading. These results show that SF constructed wetlands can be effective for reducing enteric pathogens in swine wastewater and that greater removals can be achieved using SSF designs and lower TKN loading rates.

Occurrence and removal of ibuprofen and its metabolites in full-scale constructed wetlands treating municipal wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Dvořáková Březinova ◽  
Jan Vymazal ◽  
Milan Koželuh ◽  
Lumír Kule
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Full Scale

Stormwater treatment: do constructed wetlands yield improved pollutant management performance over a detention pond system?

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Bavor ◽  
C.M. Davies ◽  
K. Sakadevan
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Pond System ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Detention Basins ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Functional Components

Constructed wetland systems have been proposed as representing an improved ecotechnological option over detention basins, in terms of their abilities to reduce stormwater bacterial and nutrient loads to receiving waters. Concentrations of microbial and pollutants were determined in inflow and outflow samples collected from each type of system. Removal efficiencies for the wetland although higher than for the pond, were lower than some previously reported values for the treatment of municipal wastewater by constructed wetlands. Performance of a number of constructed wetland systems for stormwater treatment is evaluated considering the functional components of the systems.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Solar Driven Anodic Oxidation and Uv Methods for Disinfection of Municipal Wastewater in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12007-12010
Keyword(s):  
Anodic Oxidation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Disinfection Methods

This paper presents the performance of the two disinfection methods experimented at a pilot scale level as part of an integrated treatment system involving Anaerobic Digestion (UASB Process) followed by the Constructed Wetlands (CW) for municipal wastewater treatment under Indian conditions. The disinfection methods were installed in parallel at a pilot scale levels involving solar driven Anodic Oxidation (AO) and Ultra-violet (UV). The systems were implemented within the Indo-Euro Research Project “SWINGS” at three places in India namely, Aligarh, Kalyani and Amarkantak, with aim to develop / deploy sustainable wastewater management. This study mainly focused on three microbial groups, total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC) and E-coli. Both the systems, AO and UV were operated at a very less energy demand. This was in the range 0.25 to 0.30 kWh/m3. The energy requirements was met with the help of roof top solar panels. The raw municipal wastewater contained TC, FC and E. coli in the range of 105 to 107 CFU/100ml. It was found that about 3-log unit indicator organisms were removed in the UASB & CWs. The effluent of CWs were equally fed to the two parallel disinfection systems, AO and UV. Results indicate that UV has shown better performance. The final effluent of AO contains average (TC 42.0±39.2, FC 16.1±13.2, E-coli 5.6±6.3) CFU/100 ml whereas UV effluent was TC 6.6±4.1, FC 1.2±1.0, E-coli 0.1 ±0.3 CFU/100 ml. The study concludes that solar driven disinfection systems like AO and UV are very effective for small flow rates and offers a promising way to energy scarce regions or in remote areas.

Campylobacter in waterborne epidemics in Finland

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-L. Hänninen ◽  
R. Kärenlampi
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Faecal Contamination ◽  
E Coli ◽  
July August September

The sources for drinking water in Finland are surface water, groundwater or artificially recharged groundwater. There are approximately 1400 groundwater plants in Finland that are microbiologically at a high risk level because in most cases they do not use any disinfection treatment. Campylobacter jejuni has caused waterborne epidemics in several countries. Since the middle of the 1980s, C. jejuni has been identified as the causative agent in several waterborne outbreaks in Finland. Between 1998 and 2001, C. jejuni or C. upsaliensis caused seven reported waterborne epidemics. In these epidemics approximately 4000 people acquired the illness. Most of the outbreaks occurred in July, August , September or October. In four of them source water and net water samples were analysed for total coliforms or fecal coliforms, E. coli and campylobacters. We showed that large volumes of water samples in studies of indicator organisms (up to 5000 ml) and campylobacters (4000–20,000 ml) increased the possibility to identify faecal contamination and to detect the causative agent from suspected sources.

Water Quality of Swimming Pools in Jerusalem

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lerman ◽  
O. Lev ◽  
A. Adin ◽  
E. Katzenelson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Indicator Microorganisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Indirect Information

The Israel Ministry of Health is now revising its regulations for the assurance of safe water quality in public swimming pools. Since it is not possible to monitor each of the pathogenic microorganisms, it is often recommended to monitor indicator bacteria which provide indirect information on the water quality in the swimming pool. Three indicator microorganisms are often recommended: coliform counts (total coliforms, fecal coliforms or E. Coli), staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. A four year survey of the water quality of swimming pools in the Jerusalem District was conducted in order to determine whether the monitoring of all three indicators is necessary to assure safe water quality or is it sufficient to monitor only a single microorganism. A statistical analysis, conducted by using several different statistical techniques, reveals that the populations of the three indicator organisms are significantly interdependent but the correlations between each pair of these indicators are not sufficient to base a prediction of any of the organisms based on the measurements of the others. Therefore, it is concluded that monitoring of all three indicators should be recommended in order to provide an adequate picture of the water quality in swimming pools.

scholarly journals Performance of full scale constructed wetlands in removing antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes

2021 ◽  
pp. 147368
Author(s):  
N.A. Sabri ◽  
H. Schmitt ◽  
B.M. van der Zaan ◽  
H.W. Gerritsen ◽  
H.H.M. Rijnaarts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Full Scale

Area-based speciation kinetic analysis of the multipollutant removal in Constructed Wetlands to enhance its treatment efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
First Order ◽  
Present Study Area

In the present study area-based, pollutant removal kinetic analysis was considered using the Zero-order, first-order decay and efficiency loss (EL) models in the constructed wetlands (CWs) for municipal wastewater treatment....

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document