The chemical fractionation and potential source identification of Cu, Zn and Cd on urban watershed

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1428-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Pei Hua ◽  
Peter Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Source Identification ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Urban Watershed ◽  
Potential Source

This study showcases the chemical fractionation and primary source identification of Cu, Zn and Cd in road-deposited sediment. Results show that Zn and Cd were identified as easily mobilised and biologically available metals that pose high risks to the receiving aquatic environments. However, Cu was released in substantial amounts only under relatively extreme conditions. With the assistance of principal component analysis and chemical fractionation, two primary contributors to heavy metals in road-deposited sediment were tentatively identified as vehicle-related sources (especially, auto brake pad erosion for Cu and tyre debris for Zn) and atmospheric deposition (especially for Cd).

scholarly journals Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Surface Paddy Soils Using Accumulated Elemental Ratios Coupled with MLR

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2295
Author(s):  
Jie Ma ◽  
Yali Chen ◽  
Liping Weng ◽  
Hao Peng ◽  
Zhongbin Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Source Identification ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Pollution Sources

Source identification of heavy metals in agricultural soils using small sample sizes, simple experimental procedures, and convenient analysis is urgently required. This study employed a simple source identification model using a visual comparison via radar plots, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and a multiple linear regression model to determine the source of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration area of China. The elemental compositions of major pollution sources (atmospheric deposition, organic fertilizer, irrigation water, and tailings) were compared with soil samples from 11 study locations and the model was used to determine the relative contribution of different pollution sources at each sample site. The results showed that the model successfully calculated the contribution of different pollution sources at each site based on the pollution characteristics and contaminant transport rules of the region. The proposed method overcomes the requirement for extensive data and complex experimental procedures. Furthermore, the model can determine the source of heavy metal contamination in single or small plots, which is important for the prevention and control of heavy metal soil pollution and remediation at the plot scale.

Chemical fractionation of heavy metals in urban soils of Guangzhou, China

2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 429-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Feng Zhu ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Haihua Gan ◽  
Yanbiao Guo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Chemical Fractionation

scholarly journals Ecological Risk Assessment and Contamination History of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of Chagan Lake, Northeast China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Panfeng Liu ◽  
Chaojie Zheng ◽  
Meilan Wen ◽  
Xianrong Luo ◽  
Zhiqiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
210Pb Dating ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chagan Lake

The study deals with the spatio-temporal distribution of heavy metals in the sediments of Chagan lake, Northeast China. The pollution history of heavy metals is studied simultaneously through the 210Pb dating method by analyzing the characteristic of As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentration-depth profiles. The potential ecological risk index (RI) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were used to evaluate the contamination degree. Principal component analysis (PCA), based on the logarithmic transformation and isometric log-ratio (ilr) transformed data, was applied with the aim of identifying the sources of heavy metals. The element concentrations show that the heavy metals are enriched in the surface sediment and sediment core with a varying degree, which is higher in the surficial residue. The results of Igeo indicate that the Cd and Hg in the surface sediment have reached a slightly contaminated level while other elements, uncontaminated. The results of RI show that the study area can be classified as an area with moderate ecological risk in which Cd and Hg mostly contribute to the overall risk. For the sediment core, the 210Pb dating results accurately reflect the sedimentary history over 153 years. From two evaluation indices (RI and Igeo) calculated by element concentration, there is no contamination, and the potential ecological risk is low during this period. The comparative study between raw and ilr transformed data shows that the closure effect of the raw data can be eliminated by ilr transformation. After that, the components obtained by robust principal component analysis (RPCA) are more representative than those obtained by PCA, both based on ilr transformed dataset, after eliminating the influence of outliers. Based on ilr transformed data with RPCA, three primary sources could be inferred: Cr, Ni, As, Zn, and Cu are mainly derived from natural sources; the main source of Cd and Hg are associated with agricultural activities and energy development; as for Pb, it originated from traffic and coal-burning activities, which is consistent with the fact that the development of tourism, fishery, and agriculture industries has led to the continuous increasing levels of anthropogenic Pb in Chagan Lake. The summarized results and conclusions will undoubtedly enhance the governmental awareness of heavy metal pollution and facilitate appropriate pollution control measures in Chagan Lake.

scholarly journals An analysis of heavy metals contamination and estimating the daily intakes of vegetables from Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 239784732098525
Author(s):  
Keneth Iceland Kasozi ◽  
Eric Oloya Otim ◽  
Herbert Izo Ninsiima ◽  
Gerald Zirintunda ◽  
Andrew Tamale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Daily Intakes

Background: Environmental contamination with elevated levels of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr6+), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni)—all states of which are found in Uganda—raises health risk to the public. Pb, Cr6+, Cd, and Ni for instance are generally considered nonessential to cellular functions, notwithstanding the importance of the oxidative state of the metals in bioavailability. As such, we aimed in this study (i) to evaluate heavy metal concentrations in four vegetables from a typical open-air market in Uganda, (ii) to assess the safety of consuming these vegetables against the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended limits of heavy metals consumption, and (iii) to formulate a model of estimated daily intake (EDI) among consumers in the country. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in five georeferenced markets of Bushenyi district in January 2020. Amaranthus, cabbages, scarlet eggplants, and tomatoes were collected from open markets, processed, and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Modeled EDI, principal component (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were conducted to identify relationships in the samples. Results: The levels of essential elements in the four vegetables were found to fall from Co > Cu > Fe > Zn. Those of non-essential metals were significantly higher and followed the pattern Cd > Cr > Pb > Ni. The highest EDI values were those of Cu in scarlet eggplants, Zn in amaranthus, Fe in amaranthus, Co in amaranthus, Pb in cabbages, total Cr in scarlet eggplant, Cd in cabbages and tomatoes, and Ni in cabbages. In comparison to international limits, EDIs for Zn, Cu, Co and Fe were low while Ni in cabbages were high. PCA showed high variations in scarlet eggplant and amaranthus. The study vegetables were found to be related with each other, not according to the location of the markets from where they were obtained, but according to their species by CA. Conclusion: The presence of non-essential elements above WHO limits raises policy challenges for the consumption and marketing of vegetables in the study area. Furthermore, low EDIs of essential elements in the vegetables create demand for nutritious foods to promote healthy communities.

Baseline Values for Heavy Metals in Soils on Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen Island, Arctic: The Extent of Anthropogenic Pollution

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 1260-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Ling Hao ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Hai Zhen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Contamination ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Cumulative Sums

Heavy metal contents (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb) have been measured in 40 surface soils on Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen Island, Arctic, which were in concentrations (in milligrams kilogram1) of 13.3-127 (Cr), 1.72-38.8 (Ni), 7.84-47.3 (Cu), 26.5-123 (Zn), 2.17-9.22 (As), 0-2.4 (Cd), 0.21-0.38 (Hg), 0-129 (Pb). Relative cumulative sums analysis and relative cumulative frequency analysis were used to determine the baseline values for the 8 metals, yielding values of Cr (24.7 mg/kg), Ni (6.24 mg/kg) , Cu (11.5 mg/kg) , Zn (77.3 mg/kg) , As (2.60 mg/kg) , Hg (0.27 mg/kg) , Pb (4.38mg/kg). Geo-accumulation index method was applied in order to determine the extent of anthropogenic contamination. Principal component analysis was put into use aiming to identify the sources of these heavy metals. The results showed that Pb, Cr, Cd and Hg have been significantly elevated in concentration by human activities.

Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Sediments from Aha Lake, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1913-1918
Author(s):  
Feng Liu ◽  
Ji Wei Hu ◽  
Xian Fei Huang ◽  
Jing An Chen ◽  
Li Ya Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Primary Phase ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Residual Phase ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
Mining Wastewater ◽  
Aha Lake

Assessment of the pollution for the selected six heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Ni) in ten surface sediments sampled from Aha Lake in a dry season was made in the present investigation. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess the sources of the heavy metals contamination and two components were extracted. Analysis of the lake characteristics and point source pollution revealed that the discharge of industrial effluent and coal mining wastewater were the possible sources of these heavy metals contamination. Based on the speciation characteristics of heavy metals in sediments, the method ratio of secondary phase to primary phase (RSP) was applied to evaluate the loadings and the bioavailability of these heavy metals. The RSP evaluation exhibited that Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn and Ni were mainly associated with Fe-Mn oxides besides residual phase, while Cu mainly existed in organic phase and residual phase. In summary, the potential risk posed to the lake caused by the heavy metals was high and descended in the order of Mn > Ni > Zn > Pb > Cu > Fe.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document