scholarly journals Investigating colloid-associated transport of cadmium and lead in a clayey soil under preferential flow conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Zhang ◽  
Fengyong Jiang ◽  
Wenjing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Dye Tracing ◽  
Metal Migration ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Soil Colloids

Abstract Colloids have a high adsorption capacity and can be mobile under preferential flow, and so may facilitate heavy metal migration. Heavy metal migration with soil colloids in a clayey soil under preferential flow conditions was investigated through experiments. Adsorption tests were carried out to determine the adsorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ to the clay and colloids. The preferential flow characteristics in the soil column were investigated by dye tracing tests. The mobility of soil colloids in the soil column was studied by breakthrough tests. Leaching tests of cadmium and lead with and without colloids were carried out conditions. The adsorption tests showed that soil colloids adsorbed more cadmium and lead than the silty clay. The dye tracing tests showed that moderate preferential flow in the soil column can be obtained by choosing clod-size distribution and dry density. The co-leaching test showed that the outflow of cadmium and lead was 1.49 and 33.88 times greater with colloids than without, respectively. The heavy metals adsorbed onto clay and the pore concentrations were both lower with colloids than without, indicating more heavy metals migrated downward with colloids. The migration of cadmium and lead was greatly enhanced by colloids under preferential flow conditions.

scholarly journals The Potential of Microbial Fuel Cells for Remediation of Heavy Metals from Soil and Water—Review of Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaolin Fang ◽  
Varenyam Achal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Soil And Water

The global energy crisis and heavy metal pollution are the common problems of the world. It is noted that the microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been developed as a promising technique for sustainable energy production and simultaneously coupled with the remediation of heavy metals from water and soil. This paper reviewed the performances of MFCs for heavy metal removal from soil and water. Electrochemical and microbial biocatalytic reactions synergistically resulted in power generation and the high removal efficiencies of several heavy metals in wastewater, such as copper, hexavalent chromium, mercury, silver, thallium. The coupling system of MFCs and microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) successfully reduced cadmium and lead without external energy input. Moreover, the effects of pH and electrode materials on the MFCs in water were discussed. In addition, the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil by MFCs were summarized, noting that plant-MFC performed very well in the heavy metal removal.

scholarly journals Activation of phenylpropanoid pathway in legume plants exposed to heavy metals. Part II. Profiling of isoflavonoids and their glycoconjugates induced in roots of lupine (Lupinus luteus) seedlings treated with cadmium and lead.

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Pawlak-Sprada ◽  
Maciej Stobiecki ◽  
Joanna Deckert
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Positional Isomers ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

We examined changes in profiles of isoflavonoids in roots of lupine (Lupinus luteus L. cv. Juno) seedlings in response to treatment with two heavy metals: cadmium (at 10 mg/l) and lead (at 150 mg/l). Overall, 21 flavonoid conjugates were identified in root extracts, some of them with up to six positional isomers. The total amount of all isoflavonoids increased by about 15 % in cadmium-treated plants and by 46 % in lead-treated ones. Heavy metals markedly increased the content of two compounds: 2'-hydroxygenistein glucoside and 2'-hydroxygenistein 7-O-glucoside malonylated. Possible functions of the identified isoflavonoids in yellow lupine exposed to heavy metal stress are discussed.

scholarly journals A porous biochar supported nanoscale zero-valent iron highly efficient for the remediation of cadmium and lead contaminated soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Qian ◽  
Zeng-Hui Diao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Concentration Levels ◽  
Pb Immobilization ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Cd Species ◽  
Simultaneous Immobilization

Abstract Risk associated with heavy metals in soil has been received widespread attention. In this study, a porous biochar supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (BC-nZVI) was applied to immobilize cadmium (Cd) and/or lead (Pb) in clayey soil. Experiment results indicated that the immobilization of Cd or Pb by BC-nZVI process was better than that of BC or nZVI process, and about 80 % of heavy metals immobilization was obtained in BC-nZVI process. Addition of BC-nZVI could increase soil pH and organic matter (SOM). Cd or Pb immobilization was inhibited with coexisting organic compound 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), but 2,4-DCP could be removed in a simultaneous manner with Cd or Pb immobilization at low concentration levels. Simultaneous immobilization of Cd and Pb was achieved in BC-nZVI process, and both Cd and Pb availability significantly decreased. Stable Cd species inculding Cd(OH)2, CdCO3 and CdO were formed, whereas stable Pb species such as PbCO3, PbO and Pb(OH)2 were produced with BC-nZVI treatment. Simultaneous immobilization mechanism of Cd and Pb in soil by BC-nZVI was thereby proposed. This study well demonstrates that BC-nZVI has been emerged as a potential technology for the remediation of multiple metals in soil.

scholarly journals The Migration of Chemical Contaminants from Polyethylene Bags into Food During Cooking

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Musoke ◽  
N. Banadda ◽  
C. Sempala ◽  
J. Kigozi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Metal Migration ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Banana Leaves

Cooking food in polyethylene bags has of late substituted banana leaves in Uganda. However, such a practice is risky as chemical contaminants may migrate from polyethylene bags into food during cooking causing health complications. Therefore, this study was done to identify and quantify the levels of chemical contaminants (heavy metals) in black and green polyethylene bags. Polyethylene bags were ashed and digested with acid and heavy metal concentrations determined using an AAS. Samples analyzed contained heavy metals with concentrations ranging between; 1125 - 1725, 76 - 112, 35 - 52, 18 - 31 ppm for Pb, Cd, Cr and Co respectively. Heavy metal migration studies into posho cooked in the black polyethylene bags was done at 65°C (T), 80°C (T) and 95°C (T). The highest migrated heavy metal concentrations 120.60, 12.25, 9.45 and 15.42 ppm for Pb, Cd, Cr and Co respectively were obtained at T3 at the surface of the posho cube (0.5cm) after 5 hours of heating. While the lowest values for Pb (10.60 ppm), Cd (1.26 ppm), Cr (0.20 ppm) and Co (1.55 ppm) were obtained at T1 towards the centroid of the posho cube (1.5 cm) after 2 hours of heating. Pb migrated highest followed by Co, Cr and Cd. Though small quantities migrated, over a long period of time they may accumulate in the body and cause health complications to the victims. To make this research of substantial importance to the polyethylene bag user, the findings were disseminated through media to the general public.

A Comparative Study of Metal Content in Selected Polish and Romanian Honey Samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Purcarea ◽  
Malgorzata Dzugan ◽  
Monika Wesolowska ◽  
Adriana Monica Chis ◽  
Grzegorz Zagula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The aim of the study was to compare the heavy metal contamination and study the mineral content of Polish and Romanian honeys. We used Polish varietal honeys (n=18) produced in the year 2013-2014 in ecologically clean Podkarpackie region, and Romanian honeys (n=36) from Bihor district produced in 2013. The heavy metals concentration as well as mineral composition of honey was assayed by ICP-OES method with prior microwave mineralization. The cadmium and lead level in tested Polish honeys ranged from 0.007 to 0.021mg/kg and 0.02 to 0.098 mg/kg, respectively. Cadmium was not detected in Romanian honeys, and the lead contamination was lower than in Polish honey (0.018-0.05 mg/kg). Mercury was not detected in any tested honey samples. The aluminum content in Polish honeydew honeys was 34.6-times higher than in Romanian honeys. Honey samples from Poland were richest in potassium (2.5-fold for honeydew, lime and acacia, excluding heather), but they included less calcium. Generally, dark honeys include the highest mineral concentration and are more contaminated by heavy metals. However, all tested samples met the legal requirements for heavy metals residues. The geographical origin and soil composition strongly influenced honey chemical composition and the crucial factor for heavy metal transfer seems to be soil pH.

scholarly journals Heavy metal content in the green fodder of field pea/oat mixtures destined for cattle feed

2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Płaza ◽  
Barbara Gąsiorowska ◽  
Emilia Rzążewska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Heavy Metal Content ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Abstract The objective of the study was to establish the effect of component share in mixtures and harvest date on concentrations of selected heavy metals in the green fodder of field pea, oat, and their mixtures. The research hypothesis assumed that the cultivation of peas and oats in pure sowing, and in mixtures will also allow to choose combinations from which the forage will have the lowest content of heavy metals. Field research was conducted at the Zawady Experimental Farm (52° 03′ 39″ N, 22° 33′ 80″ E) which belongs to Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities. Two factors were tested in the study: I—component share in the mixture: field pea—pure stand 100%, oat—pure stand 100%, field pea 75% + oat 25%, field pea 50% + oat 50%, field pea 25% + oat 75%; II—harvest date: field pea flowering stage, field pea flat pod stage. Plant material was sampled to determine the following elements: Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Ni. The results of the study demonstrated that field pea grown in pure stand had the highest copper and zinc contents, and the lowest chromium and nickel contents. Field pea mixed with oat significantly reduced heavy metal content in green fodder. Cadmium and lead contents in the green fodder of field pea/oat mixtures were too low to be determined by means of the spectrometer Perkin Elmer Optima 8300. Regular checks of heavy metal contents are recommended in spite of their low amounts in the green fodder of field pea/oat mixtures.

scholarly journals Effect of cadmium and lead on growth, biochemical parameters and uptake in Lemna polyrrhizaL.

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. John ◽  
P. Ahmad ◽  
K. Gadgil ◽  
S. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Metal Absorption ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Aquatic plants are known to accumulate heavy metals. In this study, Duckweed plants (<I>Lemna polyrrhiza</I> L.) were exposed to different concentrations of Cd and Pb. Various physio-biochemical parameters (fresh weight, chlorophyll content, soluble protein, soluble sugars, proline content and metal absorption) were studied. At lower metal concentrations, an increase in proline, protein and sugar was observed but at higher concentrations (above 30 mg/l) their decrease was noticed. Uptake of the metals was concentration and time dependent. Treatment with 1, 10 and 20 mg/l of Cd and Pb showed synergistic relation while 30 and 40 mg/l treatments showed antagonistic relation during the metal uptake. The results suggest that the <I>L. polyrrhiza</I> can be effectively used as a phytoremediator for wastewater polluted with more than one heavy metal at moderate concentrations.

scholarly journals Effects of cadmium and lead concentrations and arbuscular mycorrhiza on growth, flowering and heavy metal accumulation in scarlet sage (Salvia splendens sello 'torreador')

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Pb Accumulation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The objective of this research was to examine the influence of Cd (0, 10, 20, 40 mg Cd·dm<sup>-3</sup>) and Pb (0, 10, 100, 200 mg Pb·dm<sup>-3</sup>) in growing substrate and mycorrhizal colonization of root system on growth, flowering, Cd and Pb accumulation in scarlet sage shoots. Both Cd and Pb had a negative effect on mycorrhizal colonization of scarlet sage roots. The effect of Cd and Pb on the growth of scarlet sage was negligible. Cd at 40 mg·dm<sup>-3</sup> lowered the number of inflorescences and caused slight chlorosis of the lowermost leaves. Pb at 200 mg·dm<sup>-3</sup> caused drying of the lowermost leaves. Both heavy metals accelerated flowering of non-mycorrhizal plants, independently of the concentration in growing media. Cd and Pb contents in scarlet sage shoots increased with the increasing content of these heavy metals in growing substrate in both non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal plants. Mycorrhization decreased the growth of scarlet sage and increased the accumulation of Cd and Pb in shoots of plants grown in media strongly polluted with heavy metals.

scholarly journals A Study on Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in two Anuran Tadpoles: Clinotarsus alticola and Leptobrachium smithi from Rosekandy Tea Estate, Cachar, Assam

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pammi Singh ◽  
Mithra Dey ◽  
Sunkam Narayana
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollutants

Considering the significance of heavy metal pollution in aquatic system bioaccumulation of heavy metals in two species of tadpoles namely Clinotarsus alticola and Leptobrachium smithicollected from tea gardens of Barak valley, Assam was studied. Aquatic life is affected by heavy metal pollutants present in water as well as in sediment. The result of the study revealed that the concentration of iron, chromium, cadmium and lead in water samples was higher than the permissible limit of 0.3, 0.05, 0.003, 0.01 mg/L respectively but that of copper and zinc concentration was within the maximum permissible limit of 2 mg/L and 3 mg/L (WHO, 2005). The accumulation pattern of different heavy metals in different organs viz., intestine, liver and tail was studied.Overall the metal burden in different organs of Clinotarsus alticola and Leptobrachium smithi was in the order of liver>tail>intestine. Liver had highest accumulation of metals while intestine accumulated the least.Iron (Fe) was highly and zinc (Zn) was the least accumulated metal in both the tadpoles. The accumulation of heavy metals might be due to tea plantation influx water, domestic and associated anthropogenic activities.

scholarly journals The impact of the nutritional supplement “ERAMIN” on the heavy metal content in meat and offals

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
V. M. Poznyakovskiy ◽  
Sergey L. Tikhonov ◽  
N. V. Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Slaughter Cattle ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
The Impact

There was performed an experimental study on the reduction of heavy metals in meat and products of slaughter cattle. For the experiment, according to the principle of analogues there were formed two groups of 15 Hereford calves each: 1 - control, 2 - experimental. Calves from the second group, in addition to the basic diet from the age of 3 months received dietary supplement "Eramin" in a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight for 10 days every 3 months throughout the period of growing and fattening. In that the content of heavy metals in the meat of calves is established to fail to exceed the MPC. The amount of copper, iron and nickel in the control group exceeded average by 93,2 and 77,8%, respectively. The nickel content in muscle longissimus dorsi of the control group is 0,046 mg/kg, which is 5,6 times above the average. Against the background of the use of "Eramin" in the ration of calves in meat there was shown a significant (P ≤ 0,05) decrease in iron, cadmium and lead 12,0; 9,8 and 11,4%, respectively.

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