SPATIAL MODELLING OF LOCAL FLOODING FOR HAZARD MITIGATION IN SURAKARTA, INDONESIA

Volcanology is an extremely important scientific discipline. Shedding light on how and why volcanoes erupt, how eruptions can be predicted and their impact on humans and the environment is crucial to public safety, economies and businesses. Understanding volcanoes means eruptions can be anticipated and at-risk communities can be forewarned, enabling them to implement mitigation measures. Professor Tsukasa Ohba is a scientist based at the Graduate School of International Resource Studies, Akita University, Japan, and specialises in volcanology and petrology. Ohba and his team are focusing on volcanic phenomena including: phreatic eruptions (a steam-driven eruption driven by the heat from magma interacting with water); lahar (volcanic mudflow); and monogenetic basalt eruptions (which consist of a group of small monogenetic volcanoes, each of which erupts only once). The researchers are working to understand the mechanisms of these phenomena using Petrology. Petrology is one of the traditional methods in volcanology but has not been applied to disastrous eruptions before. The teams research will contribute to volcanic hazard mitigation.

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Spatial modelling for identification of groundwater potential zones in semi-arid ecosystem of southern India using Sentinel-2 data, GIS and bivariate statistical models

Arabian Journal of Geosciences ◽

10.1007/s12517-021-07669-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (14) ◽

Author(s):

Karikkathil C. Arun Kumar ◽

Gangalakunta P. Obi Reddy ◽

Palanisamy Masilamani ◽

Pundoor Sandeep

Keyword(s):

Statistical Models ◽

Spatial Modelling ◽

Groundwater Potential ◽

Southern India ◽

Arid Ecosystem ◽

Groundwater Potential Zones ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Sentinel 2

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Decolonising a landscape architecture studio: Spatial modelling of student narratives

Multimodality & Society ◽

10.1177/2634979521992737 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 39-47

Author(s):

Christine Price

Keyword(s):

Spatial Model ◽

Meaning Making ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Spatial Modelling ◽

First Year ◽

Spatial Form ◽

Public Park ◽

New Meanings ◽

Global North

This paper problematises the dominance of global north perspectives in landscape architectural education, in South Africa where there are urgent calls to decolonise education and make visible indigenous and vernacular meaning-making practices. In grappling with these concerns, this research finds resonance with a multimodal social semiotic approach that acknowledges the interest, agency and resourcefulness of students as meaning-makers in both accessing and challenging dominant educational discourses. This research involves a case study of a design project in a first-year landscape architectural studio. The project requires students to choose a narrative and to represent it as a spatial model: a scaled, 3D maquette of a spatial experience that could be installed in a public park. This practitioner reflection closely analyses the spatial model of one student, Malibongwe, focusing on his interest in meaning-making; the innovative meaning-making practices and diverse resources he draws on; and his expression of spatial signifiers of the Black experiences portrayed in his narrative. This reflection shows how Malibongwe’s narrative is not only reproduced in the spatial model, it is remade: the transformation of resources into three-dimensional spatial form results in new understandings and the production of new meanings.

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A National Evaluation of State and Territory Roles in Hazard Mitigation: Building Local Capacity to Implement FEMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance Grants

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su122310013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (23) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Gavin Smith ◽

Olivia Vila

Keyword(s):

Emergency Management ◽

National Survey ◽

Local Governments ◽

Technical Assistance ◽

Hazard Mitigation ◽

Grant Applications ◽

Research Questions ◽

Low Levels ◽

Resilient Infrastructure ◽

Survey Responses

This article describes the findings of a national survey of State Hazard Mitigation Officers (SHMOs) in U.S. states and territories in order to gain a greater understanding of the roles that they play in assisting local governments to build the capacity required to successfully develop and implement Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)-funded Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA) grants, an important but understudied aspect of hazard mitigation governance. The research questions focus on: (1) How states and territories enable local governments to develop and implement HMA grants and (2) SHMOs’ opinions regarding their perceived capacity and effectiveness in assisting local governments to develop and implement HMA grants. Results show that while states and territories are relatively well-equipped to perform general administrative duties required by FEMA, SHMOs expressed wide variation in their capacity to assist local governments to develop and implement HMA grants. This was particularly evident with regard to the delivery of specific technical assistance measures required to develop HMA grants. Survey responses also highlight modest levels of participation in FEMA-designed efforts to delegate responsibility to states and territories and low levels of participation in programs that offer pre-application funding to local governments to help them develop HMA grant applications. These findings should concern FEMA as the agency embarks on the implementation of the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities program, an ambitious pre-disaster hazard mitigation grant initiative.

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