scholarly journals Factors that cause contagion and spread of HIV among people from social risk groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
S.O. Golodnova ◽  
◽  
I.V. Fel'dblyum ◽  
L.V. Yurkova ◽  
E.V. Sarmometov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Infection Spread

Despite all significant efforts being made by the public healthcare, state authorities, and public organizations, HIV-infection has been a topical issue over the last 30 years. Commercial sex workers (CSW) are a basic risk group when it comes down to this infection. Our research goal was to determine HIV prevalence among commercial sex workers and risk factors that cause their contagion with it. We performed an epidemiologic analytical ecologic examination to study HIV prevalence risk factors that cause spread of this infection among CSW. 154 CSW were questioned with a sociological procedure applied to do it; they lived in three cities in Perm region, and morbidity with HIV was higher than on average in the region in two of them, B. and K. The city P. was taken as a reference territory due to a relatively favorable situation with HIV infection spread there. Risk factors that caused HIV infection were determined via an observational analytical case-control study; the «case» group was made up of 46 CSW who were infected with HIV and the control group included 108 CSW who didn’t have this infection. All the obtained data were statistically processed with SPSS Statistics 17.0 and Statistica 6.0 software packages. HIV prevalence among commercial sex workers was rather different on the examined territories. It amounted to 42.6% and 35.0% in cities B. and K. and it was 2.3 and 1.9 times higher accordingly than in city P. It was detected that there were several factors making for HIV infection spread among CSW; they were high morbidity with HIV on a given territory; an early start of sexual life; disregard of contraception; drug abuse; medical services and prevention programs being hardly available to CSW. A high probability that CSW would get infected with HIV was determined for people who didn’t use condoms, took drugs intravenously, and were not epidemiologically alerted to HIV infection.

scholarly journals Factors that cause contagion and spread of HIV among people from social risk groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
S.O. Golodnova ◽  
◽  
I.V. Fel'dblyum ◽  
L.V. Yurkova ◽  
E.V. Sarmometov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Infection Spread

Despite all significant efforts being made by the public healthcare, state authorities, and public organizations, HIV-infection has been a topical issue over the last 30 years. Commercial sex workers (CSW) are a basic risk group when it comes down to this infection. Our research goal was to determine HIV prevalence among commercial sex workers and risk factors that cause their contagion with it. We performed an epidemiologic analytical ecologic examination to study HIV prevalence risk factors that cause spread of this infection among CSW. 154 CSW were questioned with a sociological procedure applied to do it; they lived in three cities in Perm region, and morbidity with HIV was higher than on average in the region in two of them, B. and K. The city P. was taken as a reference territory due to a relatively favorable situation with HIV infection spread there. Risk factors that caused HIV infection were determined via an observational analytical case-control study; the «case» group was made up of 46 CSW who were infected with HIV and the control group included 108 CSW who didn’t have this infection. All the obtained data were statistically processed with SPSS Statistics 17.0 and Statistica 6.0 software packages. HIV prevalence among commercial sex workers was rather different on the examined territories. It amounted to 42.6% and 35.0% in cities B. and K. and it was 2.3 and 1.9 times higher accordingly than in city P. It was detected that there were several factors making for HIV infection spread among CSW; they were high morbidity with HIV on a given territory; an early start of sexual life; disregard of contraception; drug abuse; medical services and prevention programs being hardly available to CSW. A high probability that CSW would get infected with HIV was determined for people who didn’t use condoms, took drugs intravenously, and were not epidemiologically alerted to HIV infection

scholarly journals High HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among female sex workers in Rwanda

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1082-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mwumvaneza Mutagoma ◽  
Malamba S Samuel ◽  
Catherine Kayitesi ◽  
Antoine R Gasasira ◽  
Bassirou Chitou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence is often high among female sex workers (FSWs) in sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the dynamics of HIV infection in this key population is critical to developing appropriate prevention strategies. We aimed to describe the prevalence and associated risk factors among a sample of FSWs in Rwanda from a survey conducted in 2010. A cross-sectional biological and behavioral survey was conducted among FSWs in Rwanda. Time–location sampling was used for participant recruitment from 4 to 18 February 2010. HIV testing was done using HIV rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) as per Rwandan national guidelines at the time of the survey. Elisa tests were simultaneously done on all samples tested HIV-positive on RDT. Proportions were used for sample description; multivariable logistic regression model was performed to analyze factors associated with HIV infection. Of 1338 women included in the study, 1112 consented to HIV testing, and the overall HIV prevalence was 51.0%. Sixty percent had been engaged in sex work for less than five years and 80% were street based. In multivariable logistic regression, HIV prevalence was higher in FSWs 25 years or older (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.83, 95% [confidence interval (CI): 1.42–2.37]), FSWs with consistent condom use in the last 30 days (aOR = 1.39, [95% CI: 1.05–1.82]), and FSWs experiencing at least one STI symptom in the last 12 months (aOR = 1.74 [95% CI: 1.34–2.26]). There was an inverse relationship between HIV prevalence and comprehensive HIV knowledge (aOR = 0.65, [95% CI: 0.48–0.88]). HIV prevalence was high among a sample of FSWs in Rwanda, and successful prevention strategies should focus on HIV education, treatment of sexually transmitted infections, and proper and consistent condom use using an outreach approach.

scholarly journals Risk factors influencing the expansion of the epidemic process of hiv infection in the penitentiary system of the region with a high level of HIV prevalence

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
S. E. Kondratova ◽  
A. N. Marchenko ◽  
A. A. Beltikova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
High Level

The Tyumen Region, being the largest one in the Ural Federal District in terms of territory, has a high level of HIV prevalence, particularly among those taken into custody. This group of people involves the maximum number of injecting drug users, men having sexual encounters with other men and sex workers. All acquired diseases including the diseases aggravated during the service of sentence become the problem of the expirees as well as the entire civil society. From an epidemiological perspective it is important to search for the risk factors which are active among the prisoner population serving their sentence in the region and which cause HIV progression with fatal outcome, taking into account their unequal significance among the prisoner population and the civilians.Object of research. 365 HIV-infected, deaths were identified, including: the study group — 222 prisoners, HlV-infected and died at the regional hospital of the Federal penitentiary service of Tyumen for the period 2008-2018; the control group - 143 civil (law-abiding) patients, HIV-infected and died at the Regional infectious diseases hospital for the period 2011-2018.Purpose of research. Identification and assessment of priority risk factors for the expansion of the epidemic process of HIV infection with a fatal outcome in the zone of high concentration of the risk group.Methods of research. The following methods have been used in this work: methods of epidemiological research, methods of mathematical modeling and forecasting, as well as the method, of logistic regression, of step-by-step inclusion with ROC analysis.Results. To assess the epidemiological situation in terms of the HIV infection prevalence in the prison area a long-term and intra-annual dynamics of the epidemic process expansion in the region have been studied along with assessment of the priority risk factors, trends, forecasting of the HIV infection expansion in the penitentiary system specifying the social significance and risks to the civilian population over a long period.

scholarly journals Sero-Prevalence of HIV Infection Among Commercial Sex Workers in Ibadan, Nigeria

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasheed A. Bakare ◽  
Anthony A. Oni ◽  
Usman S. Umar ◽  
Wuraola A. Shokunbi ◽  
S. Adetona Fayemiwo
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria
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