scholarly journals Metodyka waloryzacji przyrodniczej. Część II: Zastosowania w praktyce ocen oddziaływania przedsięwzięć na środowisko

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-96
Author(s):  
Piotr Matyjasiak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Ecological Connectivity ◽  
Resource Service

The aim of this paper is (i) to review the method of valorization of natural resources as applied in the environmental impact assessment, and (ii) to develop recommendations on how valorization expertise should be prepared in order to be comprehensive and transparent. Valorization is the proper time to carry out identi>cation of the possible negative environmental impacts and damages of a planned project. It is recommended to perform valorization due to the state (numbers) and functions (quality) of natural resources. This approach is related to the concept of environmental damage, which is defined as a measurable adverse change in a natural resource or measurable impairment of a natural resource service (which means the functions performed by a natural resource for the benefit of another natural resource or the public). Valorization of natural resources should include an assessment of potential environmental damage, including an impact on the local biodiversity, the ecological connectivity, the N2000 network, and the legally protected areas. The valorization of natural resources should be performed at the following thematic levels focusing on the role of the area under consideration due to: (1) the implementation of the objectives of protection of Nature 2000 network and its overall coherence, (2) the implementation of the objectives of protection of legally protected areas other than N2000, (3) the maintenance of the ecological connectivity in a context other than the coherence of Nature 2000 network, (4) the maintenance of species and natural habitats with favorable conservation status, (5) the conservation of species and natural habitat types that are not legally protected.

scholarly journals More than Just Story Telling: A Review of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilisation from Precolonial to Postcolonial Zimbabwe

Scientifica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanyaradzwa Chigonda
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
Resource Ownership

Access to natural resources has changed over the years in Zimbabwe. At least three broad periods of biodiversity conservation, utilisation, and access can be identified in the country, namely, the precolonial, colonial, and postindependence periods. This paper reviews the relationships between human livelihoods and biodiversity conservation in the rural areas of Zimbabwe during these periods and is informed by an extensive review of the relevant literature. A combination of historical narrative, thematic, and content analysis was used in analysing the various documents into meaningful information addressing the objective of the study. Traditional societies in precolonial Zimbabwe had access to abundant natural resources. However, access to these resources was not uncontrolled, but was limited by traditional beliefs, taboos, and customs enforced through community leadership structures. The advent of colonialism in the late 19th century dispossessed indigenous African communities of natural resources through command-type conservation legislation. At independence in 1980, the new majority government sought to redress the natural resource ownership imbalances created during colonialism, culminating in some significant measure of devolution in natural resource management to local communities in the late 1980s, though such devolution has been criticised for being incomplete. An accelerated land reform exercise since the year 2000 has adversely affected biodiversity conservation activities in the country, including the conservation-related livelihood benefits derived from protected areas. The review paper highlights the need for a more complete devolution of natural resource ownership and management down to the grassroots levels in the communal areas, if social and ecological sustainability is to be fully realised in these areas. On the other hand, the disruption of conservation activities in the country due to the ill-planned accelerated land reform exercise that has demarcated land for arable farming in some of the protected areas should be held in check as a matter of urgency.

scholarly journals On the Role of Linguistics in Ecosystem Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Nwankwo Kalu Nnabueze ◽  
Yulia Zakirova
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Use Of Resources

Ecosystem management is a speciality guaranteeing quality in knowledge towards management and modernization of innovations in ecology. Effective ecosystem management demands tools to overcome the difficulties and limitations of methodologies in the development and implementation of environmental policies. To achieve the appropriate application of principles of knowledge in different languages, the relevance of Linguistics emerges. The main purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of the fact that making use of resources from Linguistics is specific in the direction of understanding the mechanics of language. which creates a platform for a better understanding of the maintenance of natural resource in various languages. Ecosystem management is essential to the harmony of the natural habitats of organisms. Management of natural resources and habitats are necessary regardless of uncertainty. Ignoring tradeoffs among ecosystem services can create unwanted management outcomes.

scholarly journals Government Policy in the Natural Resource Management of Local Community

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Revency Vania Rugebregt ◽  
Abrar Saleng ◽  
Farida Patittingi
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Customary Rights ◽  
The Government

Natural resource management is an important thing that should be done by the community for survival. Consciously of many ways in the management of natural resources has resulted in environmental damage, coupled with government policies that give permission without good supervision to entrepreneurs or private individuals in natural resource management adds a long list of environmental damage. In the last three decades, governments tend to ignore the phenomenon of legal pluralism in the legal development policy, preparation of legal instruments, as well as the implementation of the law through political neglect of the fact legal pluralism. So the product of legislation, especially those that set natural resource management, normatively ignore and displace the rights of indigenous peoples and local over control, management, and utilization of natural resources. Moreover, with deprivation of the rights of indigenous peoples’ customary rights and the implementation of development without taking into consideration the pattern of spatial planning, more and enlarge the conflict between the government and society.

scholarly journals Exploring Park–People Conflicts in Colombia through a Social Lens

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kobe De Pourcq ◽  
Evert Thomas ◽  
Marlene Elias ◽  
Patrick Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Conflict Prevention ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Nation States

SummaryNatural resource-related conflicts between local communities and nation states can be extremely destructive. Worldwide, interest is growing in gaining a better understanding of why and how these conflicts originate, particularly in protected areas inhabited by local communities. The literature on local attitudes towards and perceptions of park conservation and park–people conflicts is quite extensive. Studies have examined the socioeconomic and geographical determinants of attitudes to protected areas. However, the role of such determinants in the experience of park–people conflicts has received considerably less attention. Drawing on 601 interviews with people living in or near 15 Colombian national protected areas (NPAs), we examine the socioeconomic and geographical variables that are most influential in people’s experience of conflict related to restricted access to natural resources. We find that the experience of this type of conflict is largely explained by the NPA where a person resides, pursuit of productive activities within the NPA, previous employment in NPA administration, gender and ethnicity. We recommend implementing socially inclusive conservation strategies for conflict prevention and resolution in Colombia’s NPAs, whereby both women and men from different ethnic groups are engaged in design and implementation.

scholarly journals Metodyka waloryzacji przyrodniczej. Część I: Zastosowania w ochronie przyrody

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-77
Author(s):  
Piotr Matyjasiak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Red Lists ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
Special Protection

The aim of this paper is to review the method of valorization of natural resources as applied in nature protection and spatial planning. Various valorization indices are discussed, including natural resources of special protection concern (species and natural habitat types of community interest, species legally protected in Poland, species, and ecosystems included in red lists, keystone species, flagship, and charismatic species), indicators of the conservation status of ecosystems and landscapes (indicator species and other indices of the degree of naturalness of ecosystems and landscapes), and components of ecological networks (ecological corridors and patches). Emphasis was placed on the need to include issues of ecological connectivity in the valorization of natural resources.

scholarly journals The roles of all tiers of government and development partners in environmental conservation of natural resource: a case study in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimi Morufu Olalekan ◽  
Omidiji Adedoyin O ◽  
Ebuete Abinotami Williams ◽  
Makanjuola Bosede Christianah ◽  
Oshatunberu Modupe
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Natural Resource Base ◽  
Resources Conservation ◽  
High Level

Environmental damage usually comes back to development in one way or another and causes a development challenge. As the global demand for natural resources increases, human welfare and its implications relating to environmental degradation and exposure to environmental risks have caused many to lose their means of livelihood, triggering high level of poverty which remains a serious concern. However, globalization has played a central role in determining the future of the world. The role of globalization has proven to be essential to a nation’s ability to yield the maximum potential from its available resources. The maximization of those resources generally leads to the improved economic development of the nation; wellbeing of man and the sustenance of his livelihood are closely associated with the natural resources base. Consequently, there is a global concern for natural resources protection and conservation so that man can continue to sustain his livelihood. Part of the overall development activities of man is industrial growth. As desirable as industries are, their growth is associated with deleterious consequences. This paper examined the threatened natural resources by mans various activities and call on all tiers of Government and Development partners on the need for natural resources conservation in Nigeria. This revealed that industrialisation and its concomitant urbanisation has brought to mans environment such negative factors like loss of biodiversity, enhanced greenhouse warming, desertification, drought, water and air pollution and accumulation of toxic wastes. It is believed that well conserved natural resources will bring economic, social, visual, and aesthetic benefits that guarantee sound and qualitative health of inhabitants. It concludes that conservation of African biodiversity has come to the fore due to its numerous cultural, scientific and economic values. Also, environmental protection regulations should be intensified to protect the environment from excesses exploitations and for sustainable development. This can be achieved principally through recognition, understanding, appreciating and/or integration of endogenous technologies with exogenous technologies whose synergies are capable of enhancing conservation of natural resource base.

scholarly journals Biodiversity Conservation in Road Projects: Lessons from World Bank Experience in Latin America

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Ledec ◽  
Paula J. Posas
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Road Projects

The unprecedented and irreversible loss of biodiversity in modern times is caused primarily by the elimination or degradation of natural habitats. Because the construction and improvement of roads sometimes lead, directly or indirectly, to the loss and degradation of natural habitats, road construction and biodiversity aims are often at odds. However, many potentially serious conflicts between road projects and biodiversity conservation can be avoided. Induced negative impacts can be minimized by careful project siting. Where some natural habitat loss is inevitable, appropriate mitigation may include establishment of strict protection zones alongside the road or compensatory protected areas elsewhere. Such mitigation requires effective collaboration, for example, between the agencies responsible for roads and protected areas. Direct adverse impacts of road works on biodiversity also can be significant but are generally simpler to avoid or mitigate because they are more fully under the control of road construction agencies, contractors, and concessionaires. Biodiversity loss and environmental damage can be considerably reduced when planners and road construction agencies site roads adjacent to existing railways, pipelines, or transmission lines; practice sound road engineering; maintain good drainage and natural water flows; minimize roadside habitat loss; and exercise care in the siting and design of borrow pits, construction camps, and other complementary facilities. Environmental rules for contractors, including transparent penalties for noncompliance, need to be incorporated in bidding documents and contracts. Ideally, road projects are designed and implemented so as to avoid or compensate adequately for any adverse impacts on natural habitats and biodiversity. Through mitigation measures, potentially controversial projects can even produce significant net environmental benefits—a win-win outcome.

scholarly journals Government Policy in the Natural Resource Management of Local Community

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Revency Vania Rugebregt ◽  
Abrar Saleng ◽  
Farida Patittingi
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Customary Rights ◽  
The Government

Natural resource management is an important thing that should be done by the community for survival. Consciously of many ways in the management of natural resources has resulted in environmental damage, coupled with government policies that give permission without good supervision to entrepreneurs or private individuals in natural resource management adds a long list of environmental damage. In the last three decades, governments tend to ignore the phenomenon of legal pluralism in the legal development policy, preparation of legal instruments, as well as the implementation of the law through political neglect of the fact legal pluralism. So the product of legislation, especially those that set natural resource management, normatively ignore and displace the rights of indigenous peoples and local over control, management, and utilization of natural resources. Moreover, with deprivation of the rights of indigenous peoples’ customary rights and the implementation of development without taking into consideration the pattern of spatial planning, more and enlarge the conflict between the government and society.

scholarly journals SURVEY OF TREES AND SHRUBS IN MARUNGOOR, KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU, SOUTHERN INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Kavitha A ◽  
Mary Kensa V
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Species Trees ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
High Species Diversity ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

India is one of the twelve mega-biodiversity countries in the world, which has very rich floral vegetation with variety of plants of high economic value including plants of medicinal importance. Present survey was conducted in the plant species (Trees and Shrubs) growing in their natural habitats like grounds, roadsides, open land, home gardens. Plant specimens were collected (depending upon their availability) from the area under investigation. These specimens were identified and photographed. Maximum plants have been photographed in their natural habitat whereas others in the laboratory conditions. The present study site hada high species diversity for both tree and shrub species. Probably, the high species diversity for trees and shrubs could be attributed to the many tributaries and streams that empty rich organic content and mineral resources utilized by the species for growth and production. It is therefore recommended that measures tofoster partnership between the community and other stakeholders in natural resources conservation in the areas should be encouraged to ensure sustainable natural resources management in the areas.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL CONTINGENT VALUES FOR REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE FROM OIL SPILLS1

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 (1) ◽  
pp. 699-703
Author(s):  
Richard W. Dunford ◽  
Sara P. Hudson ◽  
William H. Desvousges
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Migratory Waterfowl ◽  
Use Values ◽  
Damage Claims ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Recently, government agencies, acting as trustees for natural resources, have sought substantial claims from potentially responsible parties for natural resource damages resulting from oil spills. Often, non-use damages, which involve losses suffered by people who never use the injured resources, constitute large components of these damage claims. To date, the only method used for measuring these non-use damages is contingent valuation (CV), which uses survey questions to elicit respondents' expressed values for non-market goods. Because CV is the only method available for measuring non-use damages, its estimates need to accurately reflect the true damages. Our results indicate that CV does not provide accurate estimates of these values, which implies that CV is not sufficiently reliable for assessing non-use damages from oil spills. (As part of the same study, we conducted another experiment on valuing different levels of protection for migratory waterfowl in the central fly way, the results of which also indicate that CV does not yield accurate estimates of non-use values for damage assessments.6)

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