scholarly journals KAZUS ZŁOTEGO TRÓJNOGA A PRZEDMIOT SPRZEDAŻY W KONTRAKCIE ‘EMPTIO SPEI’

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Karolina Wyrwińska
Keyword(s):  
Second Opinion ◽  
The Third ◽  
Source Document ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Valerius Maximus

THE CASE OF THE GOLDEN TRIPOD AND THE SUBJECT OF SALE IN THE CONTRACT OF ‘EMPTIO SPEI’Summary The article analyzes the question of the subject of sale in the contract of emptio spei. The starting point for this study is the source document by Valerius Maximus, describing the case of finding a golden tripod by fishermen, who before sailing out sold the result of their work to Miletus merchants. After the return of the fishermen a dispute arose over whom the find should be awarded to: the sellers or the buyers. The solution to this particular case depends on the accepted position on the subject of sale in the contract called the sale of hope. Literature of the subject presents four views on the matter. According to the first one, the subject of sale in the contract of emptio spei is hope itself. However according to the second view it is the item, the subject that will appear in the future. The third among the presented views proclaims that the subject of sale in the contract of emptio spei is alternatively: hope of obtaining the item or the item itself, depending on the achieved result. The fourth view, in which the consensual contract calls for receiving a subject nonexistent in the moment of sale, should not be qualified as the contract of purchase-sale. The article presents advantages ad disadvantages arising from accepting each of these views. Considering all of the mentioned views on the subject the author regards the second opinion, according to which the contract of emptio spei is always res future as the best. Accepting this opinion allows to evaluate the time of perfectio of sale, allows naming the subject of obligation of the seller as well as the range of liability of the parties arising from the title of failure to perform or improper performance of the contract.

scholarly journals CATEGORY OF FUTURALITY WITHIN THE SYSTEM OF MODUS CATEGORIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Inga Kirkovs’ka
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
French Language ◽  
Communicative Function ◽  
Action Event ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Future 2

The aim of the investigation under consideration is to study the nature of the category of futurality within the system of modus categories in the French language. The object of the work is the category of futurality in contemporary French, the subject is the study of the category of futurality in contemporary French within the system of modus categories of evidentiality, modality and persuasiveness. In the course of the study, the distinctions between modality and modus have been outlined, the place of the category of futurality within the modus categories has been identified, the peculiarity of the category of futurality as a modus category has been analysed. Conclusions: the peculiarity of futurality as a modus category is that it belongs to the modus categories denoting action/event, real in the future “in the speaker’s view”. In this sense the category of futurality is closer to the categories of modality (real information stated by the speaker) and predicativity (confidence in the information stated by the speaker) in meaning, whereas differing from them by the semantics of the stated temporality denoting the relation of consequence in reference to the moment of speaking. The category of futurality is connected with other modus categories: category of assertion with semantics of neutral prospection, category of persuasiveness with the seme of assurance in reference to the future and category of modality with the seme of reality in reference to the future. The major types of modal meanings forming the modus category of futurality are: 1) speaker’s estimation of the subject matter of the utterance from the perspective of reality/irreality in the future; 2) estimation of the environment of the utterance from the perspective of probability/necessity/desirability in the future; 3) speaker’s estimation of the level of assurance (persuasiveness) of the subject matter of the utterance from the perspective of the future; 4) communicative function of the utterance defined by the purpose of the speaker from the perspective of the future (wish, intention, preference); 5) confirmation/negation of objective relations between objects, phenomena, events of the future. 

scholarly journals Banking sector development and foreign direct investment. A case of Botswana

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Kunofiwa Tsaurai
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Banking Sector Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Relationship

The study investigates if there is a causality relationship between banking sector development and FDI inflows in Botswana. Though quite a number of authors have written on the subject, there appears to be no consensus on the directional causality between banking sector development and FDI inflows into the host country. At the moment, three dominant perspectives exist regarding the relationship between banking sector development and FDI inflows into the host country. The first perspective says that banking sector development attracts FDI inflows into the host country. The second perspective suggests that there is a positive feedback effect between banking sector development and FDI inflows whilst the third perspective maintains that there is no direct causality relationship between the two variables. The results from this study are consistent with the third perspective that says there is no direct causality relationship between banking sector development and FDI net inflows. This confirms that the long run relationship between banking sector development and FDI net inflows is an indirect one and the two set of variables affect each other indirectly through other factors in Botswana.

scholarly journals Authoring Bioconductor workflows with BiocWorkflowTools

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Mike L. Smith ◽  
Andrzej K. Oleś ◽  
Wolfgang Huber
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Journal Publication ◽  
Source Document ◽  
Manual Intervention ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Degree

The Bioconductor Gateway on the F1000Research platform is a channel for peer-reviewed and citable publication of end-to-end data analysis workflows rooted in the Bioconductor ecosystem. In addition to the largely static journal publication, it is hoped that authors will also deposit their workflows as executable documents on Bioconductor, where the benefits of regular code testing and easy updating can be realized. Ideally these two endpoints would be met from a single source document. However, so far this has not been easy, due to lack of a technical solution that meets both the requirements of the F1000Research article submission format and the executable documents on Bioconductor. Submission to the platform requires a LaTeX file, which many authors traditionally have produced by writing an Rnw document for Sweave or knitr. On the other hand, to produce the HTML rendering of the document hosted by Bioconductor, the most straightforward starting point is the R Markdown format. Tools such as pandoc enable conversion between many formats, but typically a high degree of manual intervention used to be required to satisfactorily handle aspects such as floating figures, cross-references, literature references, and author affiliations. The BiocWorkflowTools package aims to solve this problem by enabling authors to work with R Markdown right up until the moment they wish to submit to the platform.

The Apologetic Force of a Theology of Hope

1980 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
James L. Muyskens
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Political Activism ◽  
Ernst Bloch ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Martin Marty

Martin Marty and Dean Peerman in their New Theology series attempt to present the most significant recent theological trends. Volume 5, published in 1968, was devoted to the theology of hope. In the period from about 1967 to 1973 the word ‘hope’ appeared in the titles of numerous books to be found in theological bookstores and hope was the subject of various conferences at seminaries and universities. These books and symposia addressed themselves to an array of themes including a concern for the future, a call to political activism, a dialogue with Marxism inspired by the work on hope by the Marxist Ernst Bloch, exegetical studies of eschatology, Old and New Testament theological studies emphasising eschatology, and hope as the cognitive basis and starting-point for doing theology. The work that came closest to encompassing all these divergent strands and did much to stimulate thinking on these issues was Jürgen Moltmann's Theology of Hope published in 1967, in which he attempts ‘to show how theology can set out from hope’.

scholarly journals O-bi, o-ba: Koniec cywilizacji – postpiśmienny świat Piotra Szulkina

1970 ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
Maciej Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Written Word ◽  
The Way ◽  
Adam Mickiewicz

Pietrzak Maciej, O-bi, o-ba: Koniec cywilizacji – postpiśmienny świat Piotra Szulkina [O-Bi, O-Ba: The End of Civilization – The Postliterate World of Piotr Szulkin]. „Przestrzenie Teorii” nr 32. Poznań 2019, Adam Mickiewicz University Press, pp. 273–284. ISSN 1644-6763. DOI 10.14746/pt.2019.32.14. Piotr Szulkin made his mark in the history of cinema primarily as the author of disturbing visions of the future. His four films made between 1979 and 1985 comprised the science-fiction tetralogy, which is still one of the greatest artistic achievements of this genre in Polish cinema. The subject of the article is the third production of Szulkin’s series – the post-apocalyptic film O-Bi, O-Ba: The End of Civilization from 1984. In the film, the director creates a suggestive vision of a world destroyed as a result of nuclear conflict, in which the original functions of literature and the written word are forgotten. The author article analyzes the way in which forsaken literary artifacts are used in the post-literary reality of the film. An important element of his considerations is also the post-apocalyptic reception of the biblical text, on whose elements the mythology of the film’s world is based.

scholarly journals THE KUHNIAN NOTION OF PARADIGM IN THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEBATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-19
Author(s):  
Hristina Dobreva
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
The Third ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
Bridge Building

The paper reviews some of the major IR scholars and how they view the applicability of Kuhn’s notion of paradigm in the case of the third IR debate. The starting point is Laipd’s idea of positivism versus post-positivism. I argue that pessimism and optimism are interrelated in the debate. Also, for the future, if the IR scientific community wants to contribute to real problem solution, it should not restrict to the narrow notion of Kuhn’s paradigm. However, there should be some loose sense of a paradigm as a cumulation of lessons learned. The grand theorizing or bridge-building should be replaced by the idea of lots of “doors” or many mediators linking only certain issues in different approaches. If there is only one bridge, this will not adequately reflect the emerging stage of proliferation of pluralism in the field. The pragmatic tendency is towards eclecticism of the approaches. Elements are interrelated and the border between positivism and relativism is moving.

scholarly journals Saxon and Norman Sculpture in Durham

Antiquity ◽  
1931 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
pp. 438-440
Author(s):  
G. Baldwin Brown
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Decorative Art ◽  
Solid Ground ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Stone Carving ◽  
The Moment

When one phase of decorative art for reasons historical, social, or religious, passes out of existence and is succeeded W by another, there generally occurs what is technically termed an ' overlap '. This is so common that it is often accepted without consideration as universal, and the expression ' Saxo-Norman overlap' is employed with reference to architecture of early twelfth century where it has validity, but also to decorative sculpture where it possesses no solid ground or meaning. Saxon stone carving is on different lines from Norman and the two do not coalesce, the Norman enriched tympanum carrying the Norman art, the free- standing carved cross the Saxon art. The above must be left for the moment as a statement which will later on receive its due explanation and support, but the subject of the present brief paper is germane to it.It so happens that we possess datable specimens of late Saxon and early Norman sculpture in the shape of carved heads belonging to Saxon crosses that stood on the future site of the Norman Chapter House of Durham Cathedral and may be dated early in the eleventh century, and Norman enriched capitals of columns in the early Castle Chapel that can be placed in date before the year 1100.

TOO MUCH THEOLOGY: A TEXTUAL PROBLEM IN OLYMPIODORUS' PROLEGOMENA 9.10-12 AND ITS SOLUTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 825-828
Author(s):  
S.R.P. Gertz
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Philosophical Education ◽  
The Third ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Standard List

In the Neoplatonic schools, introductions to logic, and the Categories in particular, would begin with a list of ten different questions relating to Aristotle's philosophy and his ideal interpreter and student. Olympiodorus' own introduction to logic (the Prolegomena) follows this pattern; he expands on the remarks of his own teacher Ammonius of Alexandria, and closely models his discussion on his predecessor's work. In the standard list of ten questions that must be discussed in an introductory philosophy course, the third relates to the subject with which the student is to start his or her philosophical education. Which of logic, ethics, natural science and mathematics is the proper starting-point for philosophy?

scholarly journals Transformation of the Krasnoyarsk Urban Space in the 90s of the 20th Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 1017-1034
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Lusan ◽  
Natalia N. Pimenova ◽  
Mikhail Ya. Khrebtov ◽  
Anastasia E Khudonogova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Sertakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Culture Industry ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City ◽  
Rich History

The article attempts to uncover the transformation of the urban environment of Krasnoyarsk, starting from the moment of its foundation until the end of the 20th century, as well as the influence of certain spheres of life (culture, industry, transport infrastructure, administrative and territorial position, etc.) and the environment on its formation. The article notes that the analysis of domestic and foreign studies of urban space confirms the validity of an appeal to an interdisciplinary type of research. The object of the research is the city of Krasnoyarsk as an actively developing metropolis with a rich history and its own administrative and cultural characteristics. The subject of research is the urban space of Krasnoyarsk. Observation and analytical and descriptive methods, which include the analysis of individual elements of the development of urban space in the specified period, followed by a generalization of the data, as well as comparative historical and dialectical methods, are used to solve the problems of the study. In addition, the main research methods include the analysis of architectural objects constructed in various years. In conclusion, the general conclusions and trends that characterize the specifics of the urban space of Krasnoyarsk, formed by the end of the 20th century and largely predetermined its development in the third millennium, are indicated

scholarly journals The Future of Economic Modelling

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O. Moscardini ◽  
K. Lawler ◽  
T. Vlasova ◽  
E. Merza
Keyword(s):  
Data Analytics ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Intelligent Algorithms ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject

This is the third in a trilogy of papers concerning the reform of Economics. This paper tackles the subject of Economic modelling, If modelling is a representation of reality then the concept of “wha t is real” must be discussed. A description of the purpose of modelling and the processes involved in creating models then follows. The debate then switches to Economic modelling, its purpose and its effectiveness. Traditional Economic modelling is still a useful tool for understanding and teaching but Data Analytics and intelligent algorithms are better for economic predictions.

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