scholarly journals Management strategies applied in water stations used in the food industry in order to increase the quality of the biogas

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Daniela Angela Buzoianu ◽  
Casen Panaitescu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Balance Scorecard ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plant Level

Reducing the costs of wastewater treatment plants in the food industry is a necessity. Thus, it is necessary to find solutions to make their operation more efficient. The use of biogas obtained in the production process is a variant that leads to the increase of the profit at the whole plant level. This is how the Balance Scorecard model was used. The use of this model was based on non-financial indicators. These were: biogas quality and wastewater indicators from the UASB reactor that ensures biogas quality.

Automatic buffer capacity based sensor for effluent quality monitoring

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
L. Van Vooren ◽  
P. Willems ◽  
J. P. Ottoy ◽  
G. C. Vansteenkiste ◽  
W. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Capacity Curves ◽  
On Line

The use of an automatic on-line titration unit for monitoring the effluent quality of wastewater plants is presented. Buffer capacity curves of different effluent types were studied and validation results are presented for both domestic and industrial full-scale wastewater treatment plants. Ammonium and ortho-phosphate monitoring of the effluent were established by using a simple titration device, connected to a data-interpretation unit. The use of this sensor as the activator of an effluent quality proportional sampler is discussed.

Experience with the Relay Procedure for Tuning Controllers in Automatic Control of Chlorination

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 257-261
Author(s):  
M. Truett Garrett ◽  
Zaki Ahmad ◽  
Shelly Young
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Relay Feedback ◽  
Quality Of Control ◽  
Incomplete Mixing ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chlorine Demand

The recent requirements by U.S.E.P.A. for dechlorination and biomonitoring have increased the importance of automatic control of effluent chlorination in wastewater treatment plants. Difficulties with the Ziegler-Nichols controller tuning procedure were reported at the Kyoto Workshop, 1990. Problems are caused by the noise of incomplete mixing, a long time constant, and the disturbances of changing flow and chlorine demand. The Astrom-Hagglund relay feedback procedure provides acceptable control while data is logged to determine the controller constants. Experiences in using the procedure in existing facilities (not redesigning the mixing point) and the quality of control are presented.

scholarly journals Methods of reconstruction and modification of the sequencing batch reactor at municipal wastewater treatment plants in Vietnam

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 589-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Ha Quan ◽  
Elena S. Gogina
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Operation Cycle

Introduction. Vietnamese urban municipal wastewater treatment plants are mainly of aeration-type facilities. Nowadays, an aeration-type plant, the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), is widely applied and possesses a number of advantages over traditional systems with suspended activated sludge. Advantages of the SBR are mainly concluded in simplicity of operation, occupied area and cost. There is a number of problems at the wastewater treatment plants; they are connected with supplying only a half of wastewater design amount for the treatment as well as with quality of the purified water that must satisfy requirements of the Vietnamese discharge standard, the Standard A. Therefore, reconstruction and modification of the SBR is the major challenger to ensure the sustained development of large Vietnamese cities and maintenance of ecological balance. Materials and methods. To enhance the efficiency of wastewater purification in the SBR, the experiments were set on reactor reconstruction and modification by two directions: (1) Technological method, i.e. applying the Biochip 25 biocarrier, and (2) Operation method, i.e. adding the anoxic phase in reactor operation cycle. Laboratory tests were conducted for each of the directions, including comparison of a typical reactor with the modified one. Results. The study resulted in obtaining an optimal amount of the BioChip biocarrier material (10 to 20 %) that increased efficiency of wastewater purification by 10 to 20 %. In addition to this, when creating an anoxic phase of the operation cycle, efficiency of nitrogen removal increased by 20 %. When the denitrification occurs under the anoxic conditions, it contributes to stabilization of ammonium nitrogen removal for daily nitrogen loading in reactor of 0.3 to 0.8 TKN kg/sludge kg. Conclusions. The suggested technology provides the quality of treated water corresponding with the Vietnamese Standard A requirements. At the present, it is planned to proceed with the experiment on the base of Vietnamese semi-industrial plant for research and appraisal of the SBR reconstruction and modification method. Acknowledgements. The authors are grateful to AKVA Control company in Samara for granted biocarrier Mutag BioChip 25 and to Associate Professor Tran Van Quang and his students, Nguyen Ngoc Phuong and Truong Quoc Dai, of Environment Protect Research Center, Danang University for support of the experiment.

Microplastics from the Sources to Sinks: Assessment of Microplastics in the River Freshwater Environments and Wastewater Treatment Plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H M Enamul Kabir ◽  
Masahiko Sekine ◽  
Tsuyoshi Imai ◽  
Koichi Yamamoto ◽  
Ariyo Kanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Source To Sink ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Marine Realm

<p>Freshwater microplastics pollution has been a recent focus. River freshwater microplastics pollution are vital towards freshwater ecosystems as well as have been the prominent source-to-sink conduits to export MPs into the marine realm. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as one of the major point-sources. To date, sources-to-sinks comprehensive knowledge are highly limited. This study explored sources-to-sinks microplastics pollution i.e., WWTPs-to-river-to-marine comprehensively. The two rivers i.e., Koya River (KR) and Nishiki River (NR) which are flowing to the Seto Inland Sea (SIS) and the WWTPs effluent samples were collected from selected (n=37) stations in the Yamaguchi prefecture, Japan. Filtration, wet peroxidation, and density separation methods were employed to extract microplastics particles. Polymers were identified via attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The average microplastics abundances were found KR—82.25±67.84 n/L and NR—38.73±24.13 n/L for the river water, and KRWWTPs—79.5±3.5 n/L and NRWWTPs—72.25±23.64 n/L for WWTPs effluents, respectively. The KR were found to be more polluted than the NR. WWTPs effluents were found posing higher abundances than rivers. Significantly higher microplastics concentration were found in the WWTPs downstream stations than other river stations. Characterization revealed that small MPs (<1000 µm) in size, fibers in shape, polymers— polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, vinylon were major in both of the WWTPs effluents and rivers. WWTPs influenced river environments by means both of the abundances and microplastics characteristics (shapes-size-polymers). The estimated source-to-sink emission demonstrated a substantial number of MPs discharge into the rivers by the WWTPs (0.007—0.086 billion/day) and rivers-to-SIS marine environments (1.15—7.951 billion/day). The emission represented that the WWTPs were the prominent point-source to cause river microplastics pollution. Rivers were the initial sinks of the Japan land-sourced microplastics and prominent pathways to emit microplastics to the ultimate marine sink i.e., SIS. Large amounts of MPs are being generated on land sources before the plastics wastes degrade into MPs secondarily. The pollution characteristics (shapes-sizes-polymers) indicated ecotoxicological threats to these rivers and the downstream environments. Overall, this study provided an insight of sources-to-sinks pollution, fulfilled the preliminary knowledge gaps of pollution occurring land-sources, fate and loadings. We recommended microplastics pollution control at source. This study will aid in developing microplastics pollution control and management strategies for environmental protection and sustainability in the regional Japan as well as global context upon “thinking globally and acting locally”.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Abundance, Point-source, Source-to-sink, Riverine microplastics pollution, Wastewater treatment plants</p>

scholarly journals A simple model of wastewater treatment plants for managing the quality of the Seine River

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (18) ◽  
pp. 880-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E. Robles-Rodriguez ◽  
J. Bernier ◽  
V. Rocher ◽  
D. Dochain
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Seine River

Improving the effluent of small wastewater treatment plants by bacteria reduction and nutrient removal with an algal biofilm

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schumacher ◽  
I. Sekoulov
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
High Potential ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Secondary Pollution ◽  
Algal Biofilm ◽  
Biofilm Process ◽  
Suspended Algae

In wastewater ponds, bacteria numbers decrease considerably in the case of raised algae concentrations in the effluent. This shows that algae have a high potential for bacteria reduction in wastewater. Simultaneously, algae remove nutrients from the water for the formation of biomass. However, suspended algae also cause a high secondary pollution in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants. By using attached algae, as they are frequently observed as an algal biofilm in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants, the problem of separation of algae and water can be avoided. Furthermore, the algae can be removed simply from the water. In this study the possibilities for bacteria reduction and nutrient removal were examined with the aid of an algal biofilm. The results show that an algal biofilm process can be used for cases where small amounts of wastewater should be treated and a high quality of the effluent should be attained.

Method for technical, economic and environmental assessment of advanced sludge processing routes

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2407-2416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Svanström ◽  
Giorgio Bertanza ◽  
David Bolzonella ◽  
Matteo Canato ◽  
Carlo Collivignarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
Seventh Framework Programme ◽  
Reference Plants ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Agricultural Use

The legislative framework in force in Europe entails restrictive effluent standards for sensitive areas, and quite severe restrictions on the properties of residual sewage sludge, both for landfill disposal and for agricultural use. Several technologies and management strategies have been proposed and applied in wastewater treatment plants to minimise sludge production and contamination. However, their techno-economic and environmental performance has to be carefully evaluated. The ROUTES project, funded within the EU Seventh Framework programme, aims to find new routes for wastewater treatment and sludge management and thereby guide EU members in their future choices. Within this project, the authors have developed and applied a procedure for techno-economic-environmental assessment of new wastewater and sludge processing lines in comparison to reference plants. The reference plants are model conventional plants that experience different types of problems and the new plants are modified plants in which different innovative technologies have been added to solve these problems. The procedure involves a rating of selected technical issues, estimates of operating costs and an assessment of environmental impacts from a life cycle perspective. This paper reports on the procedure and shows examples of results.

Lessons learnt from the application of a multi-variable controller for nitrogen removal in the Mekolalde wastewater treatment plant: good simulation practices in control

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1289-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Irizar ◽  
S. Beltrán ◽  
G. Urchegui ◽  
G. Izko ◽  
O. Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Control Product ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Mathematical Modelling And Simulation

Although often perceived as tools for use by scientists, mathematical modelling and simulation become indispensable when control engineers have to design controllers for real-life wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Nonetheless, the design of effective controllers in the wastewater domain using simulations requires effects, such as the nonlinearity of actuators, the time response of sensors, plant model uncertainties, etc. to have been reproduced beforehand. Otherwise, control solutions verified by simulation can completely underperform under real conditions. This study demonstrates that, when all the above effects are included at the outset, a systematic use of simulations guarantees high quality controllers in a relatively short period of time. The above is exemplified through the Mekolalde WWTP, where a comprehensive simulation study was conducted in order to develop a control product for nitrogen removal. Since its activation in May 2011, the designed controller has been permanently working in the plant which, from this time onwards, has experienced significant improvements in the quality of water discharges combined with a lower utilization of electricity for wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals The small Wastewater Treatment Plants – Hydrobotanical Systems in Environmental Protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pawęska ◽  
Krzysztof Kuczewski
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Wetland Treatment

Abstract The paper presents results of research concerning operating of five small wastewater treatment plants working in two different technologies: hydrobotanical wastewater treatment plant and constructed wetland. Each object was designed for the treatment of domestic sewage after preliminary mechanical treatment in a septic tank. Hydrobotanical wastewater treatment plants and one of constructed wetland beds were built for treating sewage produced in educational institutions and resort. In the article attention is paid to possibility of exceeding the maximum allowable concentration of pollutants for three main indicators of pollution: BOD5, COD, and total suspension. The reduction of these indices is required by the Regulation of the Minister of Environment [14] for wastewater treatment plants with PE < 2000. In addition, the paper presents the effects of wastewater treatment to reduce biogens. The best quality of outflow was reached by outflows from constructed wetland treatment plants. None of the observed objects fulfilled the requirements in terms of allowable concentrations for total suspension. The most effective were objects operating in technology of “constructed wetland”.

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