scholarly journals Strategy Guideline: HVAC Equipment Sizing

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlan Burdick
Keyword(s):  
Equipment Sizing

Pediatric Resuscitation

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Matthew Mendes ◽  
Taylor McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Pediatric Resuscitation ◽  
Critically Ill Child ◽  
Equipment Sizing ◽  
Equipment System

Respiratory failure is the most common cause of cardiopulmonary arrest in children. Early recognition of the critically ill child and aggressive management of respiratory failure and shock are crucial to preventing cardiopulmonary arrest. Although caring for a sick child can be highly stressful for emergency physicians, pediatric resuscitation largely mirrors that of adults, with special consideration of a few key anatomic and physiologic differences. It is important to have a systematic approach to patient assessment, medication dosing, and equipment sizing in order to cognitively offload the emergency provider. The following will help maximize performance in these high-stakes situations: the Pediatric Assessment Triangle combined with the familiar airway, breathing, circulation, disability, exposure approach; an age-, weight-, or length-based medication/equipment system; and routine application of Pediatric Advanced Life Support algorithms.

A Novel Methodology for Optimal Design of Compressor Plants Using Probabilistic Plant Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Kurz ◽  
J. Michael Thorp ◽  
Erik G. Zentmyer ◽  
Klaus Brun
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Equipment Sizing

Equipment sizing decisions in the oil and gas industry often have to be made based on incomplete data. Often, the exact process conditions are based on numerous assumptions about well performance, market conditions, environmental conditions, and others. Since the ultimate goal is to meet production commitments, the traditional method of addressing this is to use worst case conditions and often adding margins onto these. This will invariably lead to plants that are oversized, in some instances, by large margins. In reality, the operating conditions are very rarely the assumed worst case conditions, however, they are usually more benign most of the time. Plants designed based on worst case conditions, once in operation, will, therefore, usually not operate under optimum conditions, have reduced flexibility, and therefore cause both higher capital and operating expenses. The authors outline a new probabilistic methodology that provides a framework for more intelligent process-machine designs. A standardized framework using a Monte Carlo simulation and risk analysis is presented that more accurately defines process uncertainty and its impact on machine performance. Case studies are presented that highlight the methodology as applied to critical turbomachinery.

Equipment Sizing and Economic Analysis of CHP Natural Gas Liquid Recovery Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Chad Olsen ◽  
Theodore A. Kozman ◽  
Jim Lee
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Equipment Sizing

Optimal Energy Dispatch Controller for Fuel Cell-Integrated Multi-Zone Building

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yashen Lin ◽  
Venkatesh Chinde ◽  
Sen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Potential Saving ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Optimal Energy ◽  
Equipment Sizing

Abstract Stationary fuel cells provide potential opportunities for energy savings when integrated with buildings. Through smart dispatch of both electrical power and heat generated by the fuel cells and managing the building loads, the buildings can achieve more efficient operation. In this paper, we develop an optimal energy dispatch controller to operate a fuel cell-integrated building. The controller leverages the inherent thermal storage and the dispatchable fuel cell to reduce its operating cost and to allow the building to participate in grid services. The proposed controller is implemented on two types of commercial buildings, a large office building and a large hotel, and the effectiveness of the controller is demonstrated through simulations. The results also indicate that the potential saving varies significantly with different system parameters, including season, fuel prices, and equipment sizing, which provide helpful insights for building operators and other stake holders.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Procedures for Protective Equipment Sizing and Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Test Panel ◽  
Design Paradigm ◽  
Equipment Sizing ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Fall Arrest ◽  
Protective Structures ◽  
Effective Product

Objectives: This article presented four anthropometric theories (univariate, bivariate/probability distribution, multivariate, and shape-based methods) for protective equipment design decisions. Background: While the significance of anthropometric information for product design is well recognized, designers continue to face challenges in selecting efficient anthropometric data processing methods and translating the acquired information into effective product designs. Methods: For this study, 100 farm tractor operators, 3,718 respirator users, 951 firefighters, and 816 civilian workers participated in four studies on the design of tractor roll-over protective structures (ROPS), respirator test panels, fire truck cabs, and fall-arrest harnesses, respectively. Their anthropometry and participant-equipment interfaces were evaluated. Results: Study 1 showed a need to extend the 90-cm vertical clearance for tractor ROPS in the current industrial standards to 98.3 to 101.3 cm. Study 2 indicated that current respirator test panel would have excluded 10% of the male firefighter population; a systematic adjustment to the boundaries of test panel cells was suggested. Study 3 provided 24 principal component analysis-based firefighter body models to facilitate fire truck cab design. Study 4 developed an improved gender-based fall-arrest harness sizing scheme to supplant the current unisex system. Conclusions: This article presented four anthropometric approaches and a six-step design paradigm for ROPS, respirator test panel, fire truck cab, and fall-arrest harness applications, which demonstrated anthropometric theories and practices for defining protective equipment fit and sizing schemes. Applications: The study provided a basis for equipment designers, standards writers, and industry manufacturers to advance anthropometric applications for product design and improve product efficacy.

Design Study of Part Flow Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycles: Performance and Equipment Sizing: Part 1 — Aeroderivative Core

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas D. Ågren ◽  
Mats O. J. Westermark
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Testing Stage ◽  
Equipment Sizing ◽  
Temperature Levels

The evaporative gas turbine cycle is a new high efficiency power cycle that has reached the pilot testing stage. This paper presents calculation results of a new humidification strategy based on part flow humidification. This strategy involves using only a fraction of the compressed air for humidification. Thermodynamically, it can be shown that not all the air needs to be passed through the humidification system to attain the intrinsic good flue gas heat recovery of an EvGT cycle. The system presented also includes live steam production and superheating by heat from the hottest flue gas region. The humidifier only uses the lower temperature levels flue gas heat, where it is best suited. The analyzed system is based on data for the aeroderivative Rolls Royce Trent as a gas turbine core. Part 2 of this 2-part paper presents the results based on data for the industrial gas turbine ABB GTX100. Simulation results include electric efficiency and other process datas as functions of degree of part flow. A detailed model of the humidifier is also used and described, which produces sizing results both for column height and diameter. Full flow humidification generates an electric efficiency of 51.5% (simple cycle 41%). The efficiency increases when the humidification air flow is reduced, to reach a maximum of 52.9% when air flow to the humidification amounts to around 12% of the intake air to the compressor. At the same time, total heat exchanger area is reduced by 50% and humidifier volume by 36% compared to full flow humidification. This calls for a recommendation not to use all the compressed air for humidification.

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