scholarly journals Inflammasome Signaling and Other Factors Implicated in Atherosclerosis Development and Progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 2583-2590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Nazarian-Samani ◽  
Robert D. E. Sewell ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Pathways ◽  
Pyrin Domain ◽  
Inflammatory Mechanism ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Domain 3 ◽  
Atherosclerosis Development

Chronic inflammation plays an extensive role in the onset and progression of metabolic disorders such as atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, gout and obesity. Atherosclerosis accounts for up to 70% mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and is also a chronic condition that causes atrial stenosis due to a lipometabolism imbalance. The purpose of this article is to consider the inflammatory factors implicated in atherosclerosis and their role in the development and progression of this vascular disease. The inflammasome signaling pathway is an important inflammatory mechanism involved in the development of atherosclerosis. The most important inflammasome pathway in this respect is the NLRP3 inflammasome (Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor with a pyrin domain 3), whose activation leads to the generation of important inflammatory cytokines including interleukins 1β and 18 (IL-1β and 18). The activities of these mature cytokines and inflammatory factors produced by other inflammatory pathways lead to arterial inflammation and eventually arterial occlusion, which can result in life-threatening complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Therefore, it is essential to seek out more precise mechanisms for the activation of inflammasomes and other inflammatory pathways for the development of therapeutic strategies of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Malignant otitis externa in a 21-year-old male patient with Prader–Willi syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1983482
Author(s):  
Marcos Frata Rihl ◽  
Felipe Marchiori Bau ◽  
Igor de Oliveira ◽  
Manoela Astolfi Vivan ◽  
Roseane Cardoso Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Malignant Otitis Externa ◽  
Life Threatening

Malignant otitis externa is an invasive infection of the external auditory canal and temporal bone with potentially life-threatening complications. Elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are the population most commonly affected by malignant otitis externa, but any type of immunosuppression predisposes to the disease. Prader–Willi syndrome is a genetic cause of obesity, often associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This report describes a case of a 21-year-old male patient with Prader–Willi syndrome who had malignant otitis externa that progressed to sepsis during hospitalization. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first description of malignant otitis externa in a young patient with Prader–Willi syndrome.

scholarly journals Treatment of refractory secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 2135-2144
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Yang ◽  
Shufang Zhang ◽  
Denggao Huang ◽  
Zhiming Wang ◽  
Xiaoxia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Cell Bank ◽  
First Case

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an aggressive and life-threatening syndrome of excessive immune activation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment by secreting cytokines and have been used to treat autoimmune diseases. We report the first case of refractory secondary HLH treated with umbilical cord MSCs. A 52-year-old Chinese female patient with a history of type 2 diabetes was diagnosed with refractory secondary HLH based upon the HLH-2004 protocol and was treated by infusion of third-party umbilical cord MSCs (1.4 × 106 cells/kg of body weight, 70 × 106 cells in total) from the stem cell bank of Hainan Province. Body temperature recovered to normal on the sixth day after infusion with umbilical cord MSCs, and the levels of inflammatory factors macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, interleukin (IL)-12p70, stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α, and IL-7 decreased significantly. Blood glucose levels were significantly lower than before treatment, and the amount of insulin needed was significantly reduced. Umbilical cord MSCs can relieve the symptoms of refractory secondary HLH and have a therapeutic effect on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Mediterranean diet and ten-year type 2 diabetes risk. Potential mediation of the relationship from inflammatory factors: Results from ATTICA study (2002-2012)

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. e57
Author(s):  
Efi Koloverou ◽  
Demosthenes Panagiotakos ◽  
Christos Pitsavos ◽  
Ekavi Georgousopoulou ◽  
Christina Chrysohoou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Risk Potential

scholarly journals Association of serum chemerin and inflammatory factors with type 2 diabetes macroangiopathy and waist-to-stature ratio

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxue Yang ◽  
Xue Zhou ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Glycolipid Metabolism ◽  
Multiple Stepwise Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Glucose

Chemerin is an adipocytokine that participates in glycolipid metabolism; however, its association with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with lower extremity macroangiopathy (T2DM-V) has rarely been reported. This study explored the association of chemerin and inflammatory factors with body fat parameters, glucolipid metabolism, and insulin resistance (IR) in T2DM and T2DM-V. Patients were classified into normal glucose regulation (NGR), T2DM, and T2DM-V groups. Serum chemerin, glucolipid metabolic parameters, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and fasting insulin levels were measured along with HOMA-IR, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-stature ratio (WSR). Serum chemerin, TGF-β, IL-6 and MCP-1 levels were significantly higher in T2DM groups than in NGR group, and BMI, WSR, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2hPG, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG) and HOMA-IR were higher in T2DM-V subgroups with moderate or severe lower extremity macroangiopathy than in NGR group, simple T2DM group, and T2DM-V subgroup with mild macroangiopathy. FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, TG and HOMA-IR were higher in T2DM-V subgroup with severe macroangiopathy than in T2DM-V with moderate macroangiopathy (p < 0.05). In all groups, serum chemerin levels were positively correlated with BMI, WSR, FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, fasting insulin, aspartate transaminase, TG, TGF-β, IL-6 and HOMA-IR (p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-c] (p < 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that 2hPG, HbA1c, and HDL-c were independent predictors of serum chemerin levels (β = -0.768, -0.122, -0.115, and 3.261, respectively; p < 0.01). Collectively, chemerin, factors associated with obesity, pathological and physiological changes in glucolipid metabolism, and inflammatory factors may promote the development of T2DM macroangiopathy.

scholarly journals Delayed Bleeding at Different Anastomotic Sites After Operation for Synchronous Colon and Rectal Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Run Ling ◽  
Wen-Hua Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Yong Liu ◽  
Chen Cheng Dong
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Right Hemicolectomy ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Delayed Bleeding ◽  
Anastomotic Bleeding ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Background: Delayed postoperative anastomotic bleeding is a life-threatening complication of gastrointestinal reconstruction surgery, but rarely been reported in the literature. Case presentation: A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with bleeding stool for 10 days, he had a long history of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. He was then diagnosed with synchronous adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon and the rectum. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy combined with low anterior resection of rectal cancer was conducted later. Delayed bleeding occured at ileocolonic anastomotic orifice and colorectal anastomotic orifice at different periods, by multi-means of hemostasis therapy, he fianlly gained a good recovery.Conclusion: Enhanced postoperative monitoring, early detection of bleeding and combined with multiple hemostasis methods are the keys to successful management of delayed postoperative anastomotic bleeding in colorectal cancer. Type 2 diabetes mellitus may be one of the risk factors of delayed postoperative anastomotic bleeding, and preventive ostomy may be beneficial to avoid the occurrence of delayed postoperative anastomotic bleeding, both of which needs to be confirmed by further studies.

scholarly journals Impact of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for developing severe health complications in Bangladeshi population

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabbir Ahmed ◽  
Tasnim Ahmed ◽  
Tarana Sharmin ◽  
Sharif Mohammad Ruhul Quddus
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Health Complications

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the deadliest disease in Bangladesh as its complications are enormous and life threatening. This study demonstrates the prevalence of the complications of type 2 diabetes among the population of Bangladesh. Data of 1000 subjects admitted into BIRDEM General Hospital from May 2015 to April 2016 were taken into consideration. Significantly, it was found that 89% patients had fasting blood glucose (FBG) level greater than 7 mmol/l and 70.8% patients had glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level greater than 8%. As a consequence, the total population were affected by diverse health complications including lung, liver, cardiovascular, kidney, brain, oral, eye, thyroid, hearing, skin, and so on. Males and females were suffered from these complications without biasedness.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2017, 3(2): 152-157

scholarly journals The Association Between Gender and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Patients in Almarj City-Libya

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Fatma KH. Ali Ehmaida ◽  
Sokaina Saad Hemdan ◽  
Asmaa M. Aljebaly
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Respiratory Dysfunction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Foot Complications ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

This study was carried out to provide new data on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and any suggestions for the prevention of what is a life-threatening disorder. Four hundred and seventy-three type 2 diabetic mellitus patients from Almarj general hospital were used: (222) females and (251) males for the period from October -2017 to April – 2018.The study focused on the relationship between genders and complications of diabetes mellitus. The study showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between hypertension, heart disease, respiratory dysfunction, nephropathy, urinary tract infection, anemia, hypothyroidism, diabetic ketoacidosis, gastric infection, and gender. On the other hand, a significant (P ≤ 0.05) relationship was found between hepatopathy and foot complications and gender. Findings showed that males with the risk of the dangers of type 2 diabetes mellitus complications were more than females in Almarj city.  

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