scholarly journals Association of serum chemerin and inflammatory factors with type 2 diabetes macroangiopathy and waist-to-stature ratio

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxue Yang ◽  
Xue Zhou ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Glycolipid Metabolism ◽  
Multiple Stepwise Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Glucose

Chemerin is an adipocytokine that participates in glycolipid metabolism; however, its association with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with lower extremity macroangiopathy (T2DM-V) has rarely been reported. This study explored the association of chemerin and inflammatory factors with body fat parameters, glucolipid metabolism, and insulin resistance (IR) in T2DM and T2DM-V. Patients were classified into normal glucose regulation (NGR), T2DM, and T2DM-V groups. Serum chemerin, glucolipid metabolic parameters, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and fasting insulin levels were measured along with HOMA-IR, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-stature ratio (WSR). Serum chemerin, TGF-β, IL-6 and MCP-1 levels were significantly higher in T2DM groups than in NGR group, and BMI, WSR, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2hPG, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG) and HOMA-IR were higher in T2DM-V subgroups with moderate or severe lower extremity macroangiopathy than in NGR group, simple T2DM group, and T2DM-V subgroup with mild macroangiopathy. FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, TG and HOMA-IR were higher in T2DM-V subgroup with severe macroangiopathy than in T2DM-V with moderate macroangiopathy (p < 0.05). In all groups, serum chemerin levels were positively correlated with BMI, WSR, FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, fasting insulin, aspartate transaminase, TG, TGF-β, IL-6 and HOMA-IR (p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-c] (p < 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that 2hPG, HbA1c, and HDL-c were independent predictors of serum chemerin levels (β = -0.768, -0.122, -0.115, and 3.261, respectively; p < 0.01). Collectively, chemerin, factors associated with obesity, pathological and physiological changes in glucolipid metabolism, and inflammatory factors may promote the development of T2DM macroangiopathy.

scholarly journals YiQi YangYin Decoction Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Fengjin Li ◽  
Genli Liu ◽  
Piliang Xue ◽  
Zhen Ren ◽  
Peifang Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Pancreas Islet

Background. YiQi YangYin Decoction (YQ) is a modern Chinese formula composed by the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory, which consists of nine traditional Chinese medicines and is applied to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with nonalcoholic fatty liver in clinic in China for more than a decade. This study aims to evaluate the antidiabetes and lipid-lowering effect of YQ and explore the possible mechanisms of this action. Methods. T2DM rat models were established and given YQ at three different doses for three weeks. Tissues, including pancreas islet and liver, and blood serum were collected. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (Fins), lipid index, such as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and hepatic function index such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum were measured. Pancreas islet damage and liver damage were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The glycogen content and lipid accumulation in liver were determined by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and Oil Red O staining. The expression levels of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2), phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-associated p85alpha (PI3K p85α), AKT, and Glucose Transporter 2 (Glut4) in pancreas islet and AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1), and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor-α (PPARα) in liver were determined by western blotting. The relative expressions of ACC1, fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), carnitine palmityl transferase-1 (CPT-1), and SREBP-1 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR. Results. After administering YiQi for three weeks, the levels of fast blood glucose, fasting insulin, TC, TG, LDL, ALT, AST, and ALP were significantly decreased, while HDL significantly increased compared with the model group. YQ could obviously attenuate pancreatic damage and improve islet α- and ß-cell survival compared with the model group. Furthermore, YQ could attenuate hepatic damage caused by lipid accumulation, decrease the content of lipid, and increase the hepatic glycogen content, compared with the model group. In addition, YQ remarkably elevated the proteins expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and GLUT4 in pancreas islet and elevated the proteins expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, GLUT4, p-AMPK, SREBP1, and PPARα and inhibited the expression of p-ACC1 in liver. Besides, YQ reduced the relative expression of ACC1, FAS, SERBP-1c, and SCD mRNA along with the decreased production of CPT-1 mRNA. Conclusions. YQ could attenuate type 2 diabetes mellitus by improving islet α- and ß-cells via IRS-2/AKT/GLUT4 pathway and nonalcoholic fatty liver by ameliorating lipid accumulation via AMPK/PPARα/SREBP1/ACC1 pathway.

Moderate Consumption of Red Meat, Compared to Soy or Non-Soy Legume, Has No Adverse Effect on Cardio-Metabolic Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Hassanzadeh-Rostami ◽  
Zeinab Hemmatdar ◽  
Gholam Reza Pishdad ◽  
Shiva Faghih
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Metabolic Factors

Abstract Background Recently, it has been proposed that red meat consumption could enhance risk of diabetes and worsen lipid profile and glycemic status, in comparison with soy or non-soy legume, but the results of clinical trials are controversial. Objectives This study aimed to compare the effect of red meat, soy bean, and non-soy legume consumption on cardio-metabolic factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods This was a randomized controlled clinical trial which included 75 patients with diabetes, aged 40–65 years. Participants were randomly allocated to receive two servings of red meat (control group), soy bean, or non-soy legume, 3 days a week for 8 weeks. All groups also received a balanced-macronutrients weight maintenance diet. Body composition and cardio-metabolic factors including fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum lipids, and blood pressure were measured at baseline and endpoint of the study. Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) score and Framingham risk score (FRS) were also computed. Results We found no significant differences in changes of FBG, fasting insulin, HbA1c, QUICKI score, serum lipids, FRS, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure among the 3 groups. Within group analysis showed that FRS reduced significantly in all groups (P<0.05). In addition, systolic (P=0.01) and diastolic (P=0.03) blood pressure reduced within red meat group. Conclusions Compared to soy bean or non-soy legume, moderate consumption of red meat had no adverse effect on cardio-metabolic factors including FBG, fasting insulin, HbA1C, QUICKI score, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein , high-density lipoprotein , and blood pressure in adults with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 is increased in individuals before type 2 diabetes diagnosis but is not an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes: the Whitehall II study

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Carstensen ◽  
Christian Herder ◽  
Eric J Brunner ◽  
Klaus Strassburger ◽  
Adam G Tabak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

ObjectiveMacrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) belongs to the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily, and has been reported to be involved in energy homoeostasis and weight loss and to have anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that decreased concentrations of MIC-1 would be associated with higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.Design and methodsWe designed a nested case–control study within the Whitehall II cohort and measured serum concentrations of MIC-1 by ELISA in 180 individuals without type 2 diabetes at baseline who developed type 2 diabetes during the follow-up period of 11.5±3.0 years and in 372 controls frequency-matched for age, sex, and body mass index with normal glucose tolerance throughout the study.ResultsMIC-1 concentrations at baseline were higher in cases (median (25/75th percentiles) 537.1 (452.7–677.4) pg/ml) than in controls (499.7 (413.8–615.4) pg/ml; P=0.0044). In the age- and sex-adjusted model, a 1-s.d. increase in MIC-1 (206.0 pg/ml) was associated with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.21 (0.997; 1.46; P=0.054) for type 2 diabetes. Adjustment for waist circumference, cardiovascular risk factors, socioeconomic status, proinflammatory mediators, and glycemia abolished the association.ConclusionsBaseline MIC-1 concentrations were increased, not decreased, in individuals before type 2 diabetes manifestation, but not independently associated with incident type 2 diabetes in multivariable analyses. This upregulation of MIC-1 could be part of an anti-inflammatory response preceding the onset of type 2 diabetes, which has been described before for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and TGF-β1.

Effect of High ß-Glucan Barley on Postprandial Plasma Glucose Levels in Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 772-P
Author(s):  
MARIKO HIGA ◽  
AYANA HASHIMOTO ◽  
MOE HAYASAKA ◽  
MAI HIJIKATA ◽  
AYAMI UEDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Postprandial Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Normal Glucose

592-P: Diabetic Retinopathy Grade as Predictor of Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Lower Extremity Amputations—Multicentric Longitudinal Seven-Year Study

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 592-P
Author(s):  
KIRAN SHAH ◽  
SUNDARAM NATARAJAN ◽  
VISHWANATH PARSEWAR ◽  
VYANKATESH K. SHIVANE
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Lower Extremity

Relative risk of cardiovascular disease is higher in women with type 2 diabetes, but not in those with prediabetes, as compared with men

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Succurro ◽  
Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino ◽  
Sofia Miceli ◽  
Maria Perticone ◽  
Angela Sciacqua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Glucose

<b>Objective</b>: Most, but not all studies suggested that women with type 2 diabetes have higher relative risk (RR) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than men. More uncertainty exists on whether the RR for CVD is higher in prediabetic women compared to men. <p><b>Research Design and Methods</b>: In a cross-sectional study, in 3540 normal glucose tolerant (NGT), prediabetic, and diabetic adults, we compared the RR for prevalent non-fatal CVD between men and women. In a longitudinal study including 1658 NGT, prediabetic, and diabetic adults, we compared the RR for incident major adverse outcomes, including all-cause death, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease events after 5.6 years follow-up. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> Women with prediabetes and diabetes exhibited greater relative differences in BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, hsCRP, and white blood cell count than men with prediabetes and diabetes when compared with their NGT counterparts. We found a higher RR for prevalent CVD in diabetic women (RR 9.29; 95% CI 4.73-18.25; <i>P</i><0.0001) than in men (RR 4.56; 95% CI 3.07-6.77; <i>P</i><0.0001), but no difference in RR for CVD was observed comparing prediabetic women and men. In the longitudinal study, we found that diabetic, but not prediabetic women have higher RR (RR 5.25; 95% CI 3.22-8.56; <i>P</i><0.0001) of incident major adverse outcomes than their male counterparts (RR 2.72; 95% CI 1.81-4.08; <i>P</i><0.0001).</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study suggests that diabetic, but not prediabetic, women have higher RR for prevalent and incident major adverse outcomes than men. </p>

Liraglutide Therapy in a Prediabetic State: Rethinking the Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 699-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios S. Papaetis
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Prediabetic State ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Normal Glucose

Background: Prediabetes is defined as a state of glucose metabolism between normal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Continuous β-cell failure and death are the reasons for the evolution from normal glucose tolerance to prediabetes and finally type 2 diabetes. Introduction: The necessity of new therapeutic approaches in order to prevent or delay the development of type 2 diabetes is obligatory. Liraglutide, a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist, has 97% homology for native GLP-1. Identification of the trophic and antiapoptotic properties of liraglutide in preclinical studies, together with evidence of sustained β-cell function longevity during its administration in type 2 diabetes individuals, indicated its earliest possible administration during this disease, or even before its development, so as to postpone or delay its onset. Methods: Pubmed and Google databases have been thoroughly searched and relevant studies were selected. Results: This paper explores the current evidence of liraglutide administration both in humans and animal models with prediabetes. Also, it investigates the safety profile of liraglutide treatment and its future role to postpone or delay the evolution of type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Liralgutide remains a valuable tool in our therapeutic armamentarium for individuals who are overweight or obese and have prediabetes. Future well designed studies will give valuable information that will help clinicians to stratify individuals who will derive the most benefit from this agent, achieving targeted therapeutic strategies.

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