Dissimilar Anxiety-like Behavior in Prepubertal and Young Adult Female Rats on Acute Exposure to Aluminium

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trina Sengupta ◽  
Sutirtha Ghosh ◽  
Archana Gaur T. ◽  
Prasunpriya Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Plus Maze

Background: Puberty is a developmental transition in which an estrogenic surge occurs, mediating the release of xenoestrogens, like aluminium. Aluminium’s effect on anxiety in rodents at the different developmental stages is inconsistent. Aims: This study aimed at investigating the effect of the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium on anxiety-like behavioral changes in prepubertal and young adult female rats. Objective: Considering this aim, our objective was to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior by the elevated plus maze in prepubertal and young adult female rats with or without acute exposure to aluminium. Methods: To address this property of aluminium, 5mg/Kg body weight (Al-5) and 10 mg/Kg body weight (Al-10) of aluminium was administered intraperitoneally to female rats at two developmental stages, prepubertal (PP; n = 8 for each dose) and young adult (YA; n = 6 for each dose) for two weeks. Post-treatment, three days behavioral assessment of the rats was done employing elevated plus maze. Results: Reduced escape latency was seen in Al-5, Al-10 pre-pubertal rats, and Al-5 young-adult rats on day 3. A significant reduction in open arm time was seen in the Al-5 young-adult rats. Aluminium treatment in the pre-pubertal rats reduced their head dipping and grooming. Reduced sniffing, head dipping, and stretch-attended posture in the treated young-adult female rats showed that they had impaired risk-taking tendency. Conclusion: Differential effect on the anxiety-like behavior in the pre-pubertal and young-adult female rats might be due to the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium, acting differently on the two age groups.

Regrowth of atrophied skeletal muscle in adult rats after ending immobilization

1978 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Wet Weight

The recovery time course of muscle atrophied by immobilization was followed after removal of hindlimb casts from adult female rats. Increases of only 9% in body weight, 4% in gastrocnemius weight, and 10% in soleus weight occurred in controls during the 78-day duration of the experiment. There were no increases in the amounts of total protein or of citrate synthase activities in gastrocnemius or soleus during the first 3 days after removal of hindlimb casts; thereafter, there were increases in these paramters. Citrate synthase activities per mg of gastrocnemius protein were significantly higher at the 16th and 50th day of recovery. No significant differences for citrate synthase activity per mg of soleus occurred during recovery. Until the 50th day of recovery, no significant differences for total protein in soleus and for total protein and wet weight of gastrocnemius were observed between control and recovery values. However, the wet weight of the soleus returned rapidly during recovery and was not significantly different from control during recovery.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Composition and Efficiency of Food Utilization for Growth in Young Adult Female Rats Before, During and After a Period of Food Restriction

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
VJ Williams ◽  
W Senior
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Ad Libitum

Changes in body composition were studied in three groups of young adult female rats; the treatments were (1) ad libitum food intake to obtain normal growth, (2) restricted food intake to cause body weight loss, and (3) restricted followed by ad libitum food intake to obtain recovery of lost body weight.

Faecal corticosterone and immunoglobulin A in young adult rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liselotte Pihl ◽  
Jann Hau
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Faecal Pellets ◽  
Non Invasive

Quantitative analyses of relevant molecules in faeces may have potential as future non-invasive measures of stress. This study examined levels of faecal corticosterone and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in young adult rats and how these levels varied according to age, gender and time of day. Faecal samples were collected from 40 young adult rats (7 weeks old, n = 20 and 10 weeks old, n = 20) of both sexes from two time windows: day and night. The concentrations of corticosterone and IgA were measured by ELISAs following organic solvent extraction and aqueous extraction, respectively, of the molecules from faecal pellets. The production of faeces per time unit was higher in males than in females, and linear correlations were found between the faecal concentrations of corticosterone and IgA and total amounts of the respective molecules excreted in faeces per kg body weight per hour. In all further analyses the levels of the two molecules were calculated as amounts secreted per kg of body weight per hour. There was no gender difference between females and males in the production of corticosterone and IgA, but 7-week-old animals excreted significantly higher amounts of both molecules than did 10-week-old rats. The levels of IgA excreted by female rats were higher in the evening than in the morning, and male rats excreted higher concentrations of corticosterone in the morning than in the evening.

scholarly journals The Effect of Semi-Starvation on the Digestibility of Food in Young Adult Female Rats

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
VJ Williams ◽  
W Senior
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Second Period

The apparent digestibilities of organic matter, protein, lipid and carbohydrate of a laboratory chow were determined in young adult female rats fed ad libitum, after losing 40-50%body weight and prolonging the loss for up to 15 weeks, and while recovering the lost body weight during .. a second period of ad libitum food intake.

scholarly journals Oral supplementations of Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract has anxiolytic effect and improves locomotory and exploratory behavior of female albino mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Furhan Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Jahangir ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Naseer Khan Khattak ◽  
Shahid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Exploratory Behavior ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Mice

<p>Present study was designed to investigate the effects of 200 mg/ml solvent/Kg of body weight of <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract on neuromuscular coordination, locomotory and exploratory behavior of adult female albino mice. Six week old female albino mice were used as experimental animals. Mice were either orally supplemented with 200 mg/ml/Kg of body weight <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract or with saline solution [0.9%] for 7 days. Behavioral observations were made by applying a series of neurological tests [Rota rod, Elevated plus maze, Light and dark box, Open field and Novel object test]. Exploratory and locomotory behavior during Open Field test was improved in leaf extract treated mice as they had more means speed [P = 0.01], rotations [P = 0.001], clockwise rotations [P = 0.004] and anti-clockwise rotations [P = 0.001] than control mice. <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract treated mice had higher transition frequency [P = 0.002] and spent more time in light compartment during light dark box test than saline treated controls. <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract treated mice covered more distance [P = 0.033] with higher speed [P = 0.028] compared to control mice during Elevated Plus Maze test. <em>Bauhinia variegata’s</em> leaf extract improves the locomotory and exploratory behavior in adult female albino mice. Leaf extract of <em>Bauhinia variegate </em>can be further explored to be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of neurological ailments.</p>

Effects of aging on behavioral assessment performance: implications for clinically relevant models of neurological disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Turner ◽  
Michael J. Seminerio ◽  
Zachary J. Naser ◽  
J. Neal Ford ◽  
Samantha J. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Forced Swim ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Object Despite the role of aging in development of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, the effects of age are often disregarded in experimental design of preclinical studies. Functional assessment increases the clinical relevance of animal models of neurological disease and adds value beyond traditional histological measures. However, the relationship between age and functional impairment has not been systematically assessed through a battery of functional tests. Methods In this study, various sensorimotor and behavioral tests were used to evaluate effects of aging on functional performance in naive animals. Sensorimotor measures included locomotor activity; Rotarod, inclined plane, and grip-strength testing; and modified Neurological Severity Score. The Morris water maze was used to examine differences in learning and memory, and the elevated plus maze and forced swim test were used to assess anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors, respectively. Results Older Sprague-Dawley rats (18–20 months) were found to perform significantly worse on the inclined plane tests, and they exhibited alterations in elevated-plus maze and forced swim test compared with young adult rats (3–4 months). Specifically, older rats exhibited reduced exploration of open arms in elevated plus maze and higher immobility time in forced swim test. Spatial acquisition and reference memory were diminished in older rats compared with those in young adult rats. Conclusions This study demonstrates clear differences between naive young adult and older animals, which may have implications in functional assessment for preclinical models of neurological disease.

Age-Related Differences in Elevated Plus Maze Behavior between Adolescent and Adult Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 1021 (1) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAMARA L. DOREMUS ◽  
ELENA I. VARLINSKAYA ◽  
LINDA PATIA SPEAR
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Plus Maze

METABOLISM OF 20β-HYDROXY-4-PREGNEN-3-ONE IN UTERINE TISSUE OF NON-PREGNANT RATS IN VITRO

1976 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Lisboa ◽  
M. Holtermann
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Progesterone Metabolites ◽  
Ovariectomized Adult Rats

ABSTRACT In vitro experiments carried out with uterus preparations of ovariectomized adult rats indicate the presence in this tissue of a 20β-hydroxysteroid-oxidoreductase which catalyzes the conversion of 20β-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one to progesterone. Since a hepatic 20β-hydroxysteroid-oxidoreductase is absent in adult female rats, the myometrial enzyme can be responsible for the biological activity of 20β-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one in these animals. Besides progesterone five metabolites were isolated and identified after incubation of [4-14C]20β-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one with uterine tissue: 20β-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-3-one, 20β-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-3-one, 5α-pregnane-3α,20β-diol, 4-pregnene-3α,20β-diol and 4-pregnene-3β,20β-diol. The conversion of 20β-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one to progesterone permits us to regard all five steroids isolated as progesterone metabolites in the rat uterus. 20β-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-3-one is the first C21-metabolite with a 5β(H)-configuration isolated in the rat uterus, which indicates the presence of 5β-reductase in this tissue.

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