The Impact of Spironolactone on Markers of Myocardial Oxidative Status, Inflammation and Remodeling in Hyperthyroid Rats

Background: Hyperthyroidism promotes the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Aldosterone, a key mediator of myocardial inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis, may be activated in hyperthyroidism. Objective: To assess the impact of hyperthyroidism on aldosterone levels and myocardial oxidative status, inflammatory and fibrotic markers in hyperthyroid rats, and to test if the use of spironolactone (an aldosterone antagonist) attenuates these changes. Methods: Adult Wistar rats were randomly distributed into 4 groups; controls, spironolactone treated rats (Spir, 50mg/kg/day), hyperthyroid rats (Hyper, daily intraperitoneal levothyroxine 0.3mg/kg/day), and spironolactone treated hyperthyroid rats (Hyper+Spir) for 4 weeks. Blood pressure (Bp), and levels of serum and myocardial aldosterone, oxidants/antioxidants, inflammatory and fibrotic markers were measured. Result: Levothyroxine increased serum thyroid hormones and increased Bp, heart rate and heart to bodyweight ratio. Relative to control, serum aldosterone levels were increased in Hyper and Hyper+ Spir groups. In parallel, cardiac lipid peroxides and serum endothelin-1 were increased whereas cardiac superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and matrix metalloproteinase -2 were reduced in the Hyper group. Spironolactone decreased serum thyroid hormones and improved cardiac lipid peroxides and metalloproteinase -2 levels. The use of spironolactone decreased serum nitrite levels and increased cardiac SOD and glutathione. Cardiac levels of aldosterone, endothelin-1, transforming growth factor-beta and nitrite were similar among all groups. Conclusion: Hyperthyroid status was associated with an increase in aldosterone and oxidant/ inflammatory biomarkers. The use of spironolactone enhanced antioxidant defenses. Aldosterone antagonists may serve as potential drugs to attenuate the development of cardiac disease in hyperthyroidism.

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The effects of iron deficiency on the level of oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in suckling piglets

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201786040365 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

pp. 365-371

Author(s):

Jonáš Vaňhara ◽

Zdeněk Fajt ◽

Jana Blahová ◽

Veronika Tykačová ◽

Karolína Píšťková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Control Group ◽

Suckling Piglets ◽

Biochemical Indices ◽

The Impact ◽

Experimental Group

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of iron deficiency on the oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in suckling piglets. Piglets in the experimental group were given no iron supplement till the age of 21 days. Piglets in the control group were injected i.m. with gleptoferronum at the age of 3 days. Blood samples were taken at 3, 21, 28, and 35 days of age and examined for haematological and biochemical indices. Iron deficiency in the experimental group resulted in the development of anaemia. Significantly lower ceruloplasmin activities in blood plasma were found in the anaemic piglets. The other biochemical indices of the oxidative status (thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, carbonyl proteins, super oxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) were comparable between the experimental and the control group. It can be concluded that apart from lower ceruloplasmin activities the oxidative status of piglets was not affected negatively by iron deficiency.

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The impact of stocking density and dietary carbon sources on the growth, oxidative status and stress markers of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared under biofloc conditions

Aquaculture Reports ◽

10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100282 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 100282 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mohamed A.A. Zaki ◽

Ahmed N. Alabssawy ◽

Abd El-Aziz M. Nour ◽

Mohammed F. El Basuini ◽

Mahmoud A.O. Dawood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

The Impact

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The Effect of Repeated Whole-Body Cryotherapy on Sirt1 and Sirt3 Concentrations and Oxidative Status in Older and Young Men Performing Different Levels of Physical Activity

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10010037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Gabriela Wojciak ◽

Jadwiga Szymura ◽

Zbigniew Szygula ◽

Joanna Gradek ◽

Magdalena Wiecek

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young Men ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Whole Body ◽

Stress Index ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Long Distance ◽

Antioxidant Defence ◽

Whole Body Cryotherapy ◽

The Impact

Background: The activity of antioxidant enzymes and sirtuins (Sirt) decreases along with age, which is counteracted by aerobic training. Sirtuins increase antioxidant defence. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) increases total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in young men. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of 24 WBC treatments on the blood concentration of selected sirtuins and the level of antioxidant defence as well as oxidative stress index of training and non-training men depending on age. Methods: The study involved 40 males. In each group, there were 10 non-training older and young men (60 NTR and 20 NTR), and 10 older and young long-distance runners (60 TR, 20 TR). During an 8-week period, participants underwent 24 WBC treatments (3 min −130 °C), which were performed three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday). The concentrations of Sirt1, Sirt3, TAC, total oxidative status and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood were determined before 1 WBC and after 1 WBC, 12 WBC and 24 WBC. Results: After 1 WBC, the activity of GPx and the concentration of Sirt1 and TAC in 60 TR and TAC in 60 NTR increased. After 12 WBC, the level of Sirt1 in 20 NTR and SOD in 20 TR increased. After 24 WBC, the level of Sirt1 increased in 60 TR and in 20 NTR, Sirt3 in 60 TR and SOD in 20 TR. Conclusions: Cryogenic temperatures increase blood levels of Sirt1 and Sirt3 and systemic antioxidant defence in men, but the effect is dependent on age, level of performed physical activity and the number of applied treatments.

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Effect of Bacillus spp. and Brevibacillus sp. on the Photosynthesis and Redox Status of Solanum lycopersicum

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7020024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

Marino Costa-Santos ◽

Nuno Mariz-Ponte ◽

Maria Celeste Dias ◽

Luísa Moura ◽

Guilhermina Marques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽

Redox Status ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Potted Plants ◽

Chlorophylls A And B ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

The Impact

Plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are gaining attention as a sustainable alternative to current agrochemicals. This study evaluated the impact of three Bacillus spp. (5PB1, 1PB1, FV46) and one Brevibacillus sp. (C9F) on the important crop tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) using the model cv. ‘MicroTom’. The effects of these isolates were assessed on (a) seedlings’ growth and vigor, and (b) adult potted plants. In potted plants, several photosynthetic parameters (chlorophylls (a and b), carotenoids and anthocyanins contents, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, net CO2 photosynthetic rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration, and on chlorophyll fluorescence yields of light- and dark-adapted leaves)), as well as soluble sugars and starch contents, were quantified. Additionally, the effects on redox status were evaluated. While the growth of seedlings was, overall, not influenced by the strains, some effects were observed on adult plants. The Bacillus safensis FV46 stimulated the content of pigments, compared to C9F. Bacillus zhangzhouensis 5PB1 increased starch levels and was positively correlated with some parameters of the photophosphorylation and the gas exchange phases. Interestingly, Bacillus megaterium 1PB1 decreased superoxide (O2−) content, and B. safensis FV46 promoted non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses, increasing total phenol content levels. These results, conducted on a model cultivar, support the theory that these isolates differently act on tomato plant physiology, and that their activity depends on the age of the plant, and may differently influence photosynthesis. It would now be interesting to analyze the influence of these bacteria using commercial cultivars.

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Effect of dietary composition on fasting-induced changes in serum thyroid hormones and thyrotropin

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/0026-0495(78)90137-3 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 935-942 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Fereidoun Azizi

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Dietary Composition ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Serum Thyroid Hormones

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Serum thyroid hormones and blood folic acid during monotherapy with carbamazepine or valproate

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04569.x ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 235-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Kirsten D. Bentsen ◽

Lennart Gram ◽

Annegrete Veje

Keyword(s):

Folic Acid ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Serum Thyroid Hormones

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Red-cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in patients with hyperthyroidism

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0930424 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 424-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. L. Alvarez-Sala ◽

M. A. Urbán ◽

J. J. Sicilia ◽

A. J. Diaz Fdez ◽

F. Fdez Mendieta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Control Group ◽

Red Cell ◽

Oxygen Dissociation Curve ◽

Dissociation Curve ◽

Oxygen Dissociation ◽

The Right ◽

Serum Thyroid Hormones ◽

Hyperthyroid Patients ◽

2,3 Dpg

Abstract. In 21 hyperthyroid female patients studied on 29 occasions, high levels of red-cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) have been found (5.75 ± 0.7 mm) which, compared to a euthyroid control group (4.88 ± 0.4 mm), could not be accounted for by differences in haematocrit, haemoglobin or phosphataemia. A significant correlation was found (P < 0.05) between serum thyroid hormones and the 2,3-DPG concentration in the hyperthyroid patients. Eight of these patients were reexamined after treatment and normalization of thyroid function, showed a regression to normal 2,3-DPG values (4.81 ± 0.6 mm) which could not be attributed to variations in haematocrit, haemoglobin or phosphataemia either. We therefore deduce that the shift to the right in the haemoglobin oxygen dissociation curve observed in patients of this type may be due to an increase in the red-cell 2,3-DPG content.

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