Applications of Different Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Drug-induced Liver Injury

Biomarkers perform a significant function in the process of drug development. Biomarkers have been utilized in the safety assessment of drugs in clinical practice and also for personalization of medicines. To recognize the relation among considerable biological processes as well as clinical outcomes, it is important to increase our potential of treatments for all ailments, in addition to our understanding of normal and healthy physiology. Since the 1980s, using biomarkers is essential for substitutional results in long term assessments of main maladies, for example, cancer, as well as illness related to the heart. Now a days, biomarkers are highly important for unifying discovery of the drug and day by day improvements. The importance of biomarkers is increasing gradually with the advancement of novel therapeutics for the treatment and prevention of a broad range of diseases in order to overcome hepatotoxicity. These biomarkers are extensively used for the identification of disease and the field of medical research. The use of biomarkers in clinical as well as basic research has been promoted rapidly by the different drug regulation authorities for better outcomes in the future.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Outcome of acute idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury: Long-term follow-up in a hepatotoxicity registry.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1071145.524146 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Stefano Bellentani

Keyword(s):

Liver Injury ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Liver and Statins: A Critical Appraisal of the Evidence

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867325666180327095441 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (42) ◽

pp. 5835-5846 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anna Licata ◽

Antonina Giammanco ◽

Maria Giovanna Minissale ◽

Salvatore Pagano ◽

Salvatore Petta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Events ◽

Association Studies ◽

Organic Anion ◽

Genome Wide Association Studies ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽

Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Statins are a class of drugs whose main adverse effects are drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and myopathy. Some of these may be predictable, due to their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, while others, unfortunately, are idiosyncratic. Genetic factors may also influence patient susceptibility to DILI and myopathy in the case of statins. This review will first discuss the role of statins in cardiovascular disease treatment and prevention and the underlying mechanisms of action. Furthermore, to explore the susceptibility of statin-induced adverse events such as myopathy and hepatotoxicity, it will then focus on the recent Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) concerning the transporter genes, Cytochrome P450 (CYP), organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) and ABCB1 and ABCC1, which seem to play a role in the development of clinically relevant adverse events. Finally, we appraise the evidence for and against the use of statins in metabolic syndrome and in HCV-infected patients, in terms of their safety and efficacy in cardiovascular events.

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Isoniazid and Rifampicin Produce Hepatic Fibrosis through an Oxidative Stress-Dependent Mechanism

International Journal of Hepatology ◽

10.1155/2020/6987295 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ayan Biswas ◽

Suman Santra ◽

Debasree Bishnu ◽

Gopal Krishna Dhali ◽

Abhijit Chowdhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Hepatic Fibrosis ◽

Stellate Cell ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽

Stress Dependent ◽

Liver Collagen

Background & Aims. Chronic hepatitis (CH) has emerged as a distinct outcome of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Combination therapy of Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RMP) which is widely used for prolonged periods can cause acute hepatotoxicity and has been also incriminated in chronic DILI. We sought evidence of the production of hepatic fibrosis on long-term INH-RMP treatment through experiments in BALB/c mice exposed to INH-RMP. Methods. A combined dose of INH (50 mg) and RMP (100 mg) per kg body weight per day was administered to mice by oral gavage, 6 days a week, for 4 to 24 weeks for the assessment of liver injury, oxidative stress, and development of hepatic fibrosis, including demonstration of changes in key fibrogenesis linked pathways and mediators. Results. Progressive increase in markers of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation associated with changes in matrix turnover was observed between 12 and 24 weeks of INH-RMP treatment along with the elevation of liver collagen content and significant periportal fibrosis. These were associated with concurrent apoptosis of the hepatocytes, increase in hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity, and development of hepatic oxidative stress. Conclusions. INH-RMP can activate HSC through generation of NOX-mediated oxidative stress, leading to the development of liver fibrosis.

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Long-term sequelae of Drug-induced liver injury

Journal of Hepatology ◽

10.1016/j.jhep.2021.10.011 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Einar S. Björnsson ◽

Raul J. Andrade

Keyword(s):

Liver Injury ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Drug Induced Liver Injury

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Drug-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis following Treatment with Zoledronic Acid

Case Reports in Gastroenterology ◽

10.1159/000479314 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 440-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jenny Sarah Schneider ◽

Matteo Montani ◽

Felix Stickel

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Zoledronic Acid ◽

Side Effects ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Drug Reactions ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽

First Case ◽

Alternative Drugs

Adverse drug reactions are among the most frequent side effects of synthetic and complementary alternative drugs and represent the premier causes of license revocations and acute liver failure. Drug-induced liver injury can resemble literally any other genuine liver disease and usually responds well to drug dechallenge. However, in some cases autoimmune-like hepatitis can evolve, requiring short- and sometimes long-term immunosuppression. Here, we present the hitherto first case of autoimmune-like hepatitis following treatment with zoledronic acid.

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A Turn-on Probe for Detecting Antituberculotic Drug-induced Liver Injury in Mice via NIR-II Fluorescence/Optoacoustic Imaging

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/d1cc02845f ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Longqi Chen ◽

Junjie Chen ◽

Yichang Fang ◽

Fang Zeng ◽

Shuizhu Wu

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Standard Treatment ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Optoacoustic Imaging ◽

Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽

Turn On

Standard treatment for tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease and one of the top ten causes of death worldwide, usually lasts for a long term. And the antituberculotic-drug-induced liver injury has...

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