Use of Agricultural Residues in Anaerobic Digestion for Energy Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Willem J. Oosterkamp
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Phosphate Surplus ◽  
And Storage

: There are large amounts of manure and crop residues that could be used for the generation of renewable energy. Anaerobic Digestion [AD] converts the easily degraded part of these materials into bio-methane and other gases. Bio-methane can be used for the generation of heat and electricity. Only combinations of manure slurries and crop residues are economic substrates for AD. Crop residues are lignocellulosic materials that need to be macerated for efficient conversion into biogas. : Methane yields for different straw lengths and energy requirements for maceration were compiled. The need for sufficient bioavailable micronutrients was established and methane yields for combinations of manure slurries and straw are given. Harvesting methods for crop residues are discussed and a model is developed for the effective organic matter in the effluent of the AD plant. : AD of straw and manures is, with the present subsidies, economic only where AD is done in cooperatives with the members delivering straw and manure and taking back the effluent. : The large scale of AD of manures and crop residues requires reductions in the costs of harvesting transport and storage of crop residues and a solution to the phosphate surplus in the regions with a large concentration of animals.

Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Wastes Needs Research to Face an Increasing Industrial Success

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Buffiere ◽  
Liliana Delgadillo Mirquez ◽  
Jean Philippe Steyer ◽  
Nicolas Bernet ◽  
Jean Philippe Delgenes
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Intrinsic Kinetics ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradability ◽  
Kinetics Of

Anaerobic digestion of solid wastes is an emerging solution for both waste management and energy production. The high complexity of the process is mostly attributed to the absence of descriptors for the design and the prediction of such a process. This paper presents an approach for the description of organic matter based on several biochemical parameters, established on 22 different organic wastes. The lignocellulosic content is the most important parameter for the prediction of anaerobic biodegradability and methane production; in addition, the knowledge of the carbohydrate, lipid and protein contents is also crucial and makes possible a prediction of the intrinsic kinetics of the reaction.

Progress in Microbial Fuel Cells Energy Production

2011 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 457-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Degrenne ◽  
Francois Buret ◽  
Bruno Allard ◽  
Jean Michel Monier
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
Power Densities

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) harness the natural metabolisms of microbes to produce electrical power from almost any kind of organic matter. In addition to the low power densities (about 1mW for a 1-liter reactor), MFCs are presently built with expensive membrane and electrodes. The payback time of MFCs is therefore very long (evaluated to 25000 years for our lab prototype). Progresses in designing low-cost MFCs are necessary before conceiving large scale energy production.

Biotechnological Aspects of Lignocellulose and Biomass Degradation

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-225
Author(s):  
Nigel Halliwell ◽  
Geoffrey Halliwell
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Biological Resource ◽  
Biomass Degradation ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Lignocellulose Biomass

Vast amounts of lignocellulose/biomass are available, both naturally and as agricultural wastes, for exploitation as sources of chemical feedstocks, fuels, foods and feeds. In fact, cellulose is the only renewable biological resource available in sufficient quantity to support such large-scale industrial processes. The major constraints to these conversions and the utilization of lignocellulosic materials are economic. Apart from specially grown biomass crops the cellulose and hemicelluloses from crop residues show considerable potential for exploitation, especially as fossil fuels become depleted and less accessible. The problems may appear great but so too are the rewards.

scholarly journals Synthesis, structural and electrochemical properties of sodium nickel phosphate for energy storage devices

Nanoscale ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 11291-11305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manickam Minakshi ◽  
David Mitchell ◽  
Rob Jones ◽  
Feraih Alenazey ◽  
Teeraphat Watcharatharapong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Renewable Energy Systems ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Nickel Phosphate ◽  
And Storage

Electrochemical energy production and storage at large scale and low cost, is a critical bottleneck in renewable energy systems.

scholarly journals Biogas Production in Laboratory Scale from Different Organic Wastes Using Primary Sludge as Co-substrate

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Holta Prifti ◽  
Tania Floqi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Olive Waste

Biogas production technology not only constitutes a biofuel source, but also can be a mitigation measure for the various environmental pollutants. This technology, i.e., anaerobic digestion is a biological process that takes place naturally when microorganisms break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen. In an enclosed chamber, controlled anaerobic digestion of organic matter produces biogas which is predominantly methane. The produced methane then can be directly used; or after certain conditioning, can be used in onsite power generation, heating homes or as vehicular fuel. Besides, organic waste is increasingly becoming a major problem in every society imposing serious economic and environmental concerns. For this reason, many contemporary researches are emphasizing in finding sustainable solutions to recycle and produce energy from such waste. In this context, this paper aims to investigate the potential of cow and chicken manure, and olive waste for biogas production obtained through the anaerobic digestion process. The substrates were placed in laboratory scale digesters without pretreatment. The retention time in the digesters was 30 days. The samples of the tested substrates were collected and analyzed for pH, total solids, ash, and the content of volatile solids (VS). Under mesophilic conditions, all combinations of cow and chicken manure, and olive waste with sludge by an anaerobic pond of a trickling filter treatment plant, as co-substrate, significantly improved biogas, and methane yields. The experimental results showed that chicken manure (CM) is the most suitable for anaerobic digestion (AD). The next step of the study will consist in implementing a large scale of biogas production plants and we will estimate the national potential of green energy produced by this technology and map the areas that need digesters.

scholarly journals In Vitro Neutral Detergent Cellulase Method and Chemical Composition to Predict In Vivo Fermentable Organic Matter of Roughages

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1594
Author(s):  
Yue Liu ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Qingxiang Meng ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Correlation Equations ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Current Experiment

In vivo fermentable organic matter (FOM) reflects the energy production and the potential of rumen’s microbial protein synthesis. However, the in vivo method with fistulated animals for FOM measurement compromises animal welfare and is laborious as well as expensive. Although the alternative in situ nylon bag technique has been widely used, it is also costly and requires rumen liquor. Therefore, the present study was performed to compare the in situ nylon bag technique with the in vitro neutral detergent cellulase (NDC) method or chemical composition to estimate in vivo FOM of roughages. For this purpose, we selected 12 roughages, including six each from forages and crop residues. Our results have shown the strong correlation equations between FOMin situ and FOMNDCFOM NDC of forages (n =6; R2 = 0.79), crop residues (n =6; R2 = 0.80), and roughages (n = 12; R2 = 0.84), respectively. Moreover, there were also strong correlations between the chemical composition of roughages and FOMin situ(n = 12; R2 = 0.84–0.93) or FOMNDC (n = 12; R2 = 0.79–0.89). In conclusion, the in vitro NDC method and chemical composition were alternatives to in situ nylon bag technique for predicting in vivo FOM of roughages in the current experiment.

Relating particulate organic matter-nitrogen (POM-N) and non-POM-N with pulse crop residues, residue management and cereal N uptake

Agronomie ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme D. Schwenke ◽  
Warwick L. Felton ◽  
David F. Herridge ◽  
Dil F. Khan ◽  
Mark B. Peoples
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Pulse Crop
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