Biogas Production in Laboratory Scale from Different Organic Wastes Using Primary Sludge as Co-substrate

Biogas production technology not only constitutes a biofuel source, but also can be a mitigation measure for the various environmental pollutants. This technology, i.e., anaerobic digestion is a biological process that takes place naturally when microorganisms break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen. In an enclosed chamber, controlled anaerobic digestion of organic matter produces biogas which is predominantly methane. The produced methane then can be directly used; or after certain conditioning, can be used in onsite power generation, heating homes or as vehicular fuel. Besides, organic waste is increasingly becoming a major problem in every society imposing serious economic and environmental concerns. For this reason, many contemporary researches are emphasizing in finding sustainable solutions to recycle and produce energy from such waste. In this context, this paper aims to investigate the potential of cow and chicken manure, and olive waste for biogas production obtained through the anaerobic digestion process. The substrates were placed in laboratory scale digesters without pretreatment. The retention time in the digesters was 30 days. The samples of the tested substrates were collected and analyzed for pH, total solids, ash, and the content of volatile solids (VS). Under mesophilic conditions, all combinations of cow and chicken manure, and olive waste with sludge by an anaerobic pond of a trickling filter treatment plant, as co-substrate, significantly improved biogas, and methane yields. The experimental results showed that chicken manure (CM) is the most suitable for anaerobic digestion (AD). The next step of the study will consist in implementing a large scale of biogas production plants and we will estimate the national potential of green energy produced by this technology and map the areas that need digesters.

Download Full-text

Sludge minimization by disintegration at different wastewater treatment plants

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2008.010 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Luchien Luning ◽

Paul Roeleveld ◽

Victor W.M. Claessen

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

New Technologies ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Biological Degradation ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Sludge Minimization

In recent years new technologies have been developed to improve the biological degradation of sewage sludge by anaerobic digestion. The paper describes the results of a demonstration of ultrasonic disintegration on the Dutch Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Land van Cuijk. The effect on the degradation of organic matter is presented, together with the effect on the dewatering characteristics. Recommendations are presented for establishing research conditions in which the effect of sludge disintegration can be determined in a more direct way that is less sensitive to changing conditions in the operation of the WWTP. These recommendations have been implemented in the ongoing research in the Netherlands supported by the National Institute for wastewater research (STOWA).

Download Full-text

Simulation of the Impact of Higher Ammonia Recycle Loads Caused by Upgrading Anaerobic Sludge Digesters

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.2005.053 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 491-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jeremy T. Kraemer ◽

David M. Bagley

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Anaerobic Sludge ◽

Content Increase ◽

Limited Information ◽

Dynamic Simulations ◽

Treatment Train ◽

Temperature Liquid ◽

The Impact

Abstract Upgrading conventional single-stage mesophilic anaerobic digestion to an advanced digestion technology can increase sludge stability, reduce pathogen content, increase biogas production, and also increase ammonia concentrations recycled back to the liquid treatment train. Limited information is available to assess whether the higher ammonia recycle loads from an anaerobic sludge digestion upgrade would lead to higher discharge effluent ammonia concentrations. Biowin, a commercially available wastewater treatment plant simulation package, was used to predict the effects of anaerobic digestion upgrades on the liquid train performance, especially effluent ammonia concentrations. A factorial analysis indicated that the influent total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and influent alkalinity each had a 50-fold larger influence on the effluent NH3 concentration than either the ambient temperature, liquid train SRT or anaerobic digestion efficiency. Dynamic simulations indicated that the diurnal variation in effluent NH3 concentration was 9 times higher than the increase due to higher digester VSR. Higher recycle NH3 loads caused by upgrades to advanced digestion techniques can likely be adequately managed by scheduling dewatering to coincide with periods of low influent TKN load and ensuring sufficient alkalinity for nitrification.

Download Full-text

Biogas Production Using Anaerobic Digestion of Industrial Waste

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.832.55 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 832 ◽

pp. 55-62

Author(s):

Ján Gaduš ◽

Tomáš Giertl ◽

Viera Kažimírová

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Large Scale ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Biogas Plant ◽

Parallel Operation ◽

Paper Production ◽

Biochemical Conversion ◽

Mixed Biomass ◽

Economic Balance

In the paper experiments and theory of biogas production using industrial waste from paper production as a co-substrate are described. The main aim of the experiments was to evaluate the sensitivity and applicability of the biochemical conversion using the anaerobic digestion of the mixed biomass in the pilot fermentor (5 m3), where the mesophillic temperature was maintained. It was in parallel operation with a large scale fermentor (100 m3). The research was carried out at the biogas plant in Kolíňany, which is a demonstration facility of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. The experiments proved that the waste arising from the paper production can be used in case of its appropriate dosing as an input substrate for biogas production, and thus it can improve the economic balance of the biogas plant.

Download Full-text

Biochemical Methane Potential of Cork Boiling Wastewater at Different Inoculum to Substrate Ratios

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11073064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 3064

Author(s):

Roberta Mota-Panizio ◽

Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez ◽

Luis Carmo-Calado ◽

Gonçalo Lourinho ◽

Paulo Sérgio Duque de Brito

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Organic Substrates ◽

Biochemical Methane Potential ◽

Volatile Solids ◽

Working Volume ◽

Methane Potential ◽

Bmp Test ◽

Cork Industry

The present study evaluates the digestion of cork boiling wastewater (CBW) through a biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. BMP assays were carried out with a working volume of 600 mL at a constant mesophilic temperature (35 °C). The experiment bottles contained CBW and inoculum (digested sludge from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)), with a ratio of inoculum/substrate (Ino/CBW) of 1:1 and 2:1 on the basis of volatile solids (VSs); the codigestion with food waste (FW) had a ratio of 2/0.7:0.3 (Ino/CBW:FW) and the codigestion with cow manure (CM) had a ratio of 2/0.5:0.5 (Ino/CBW:CM). Biogas and methane production was proportional to the inoculum substrate ratio (ISR) used. BMP tests have proved to be valuable for inferring the adequacy of anaerobic digestion to treat wastewater from the cork industry. The results indicate that the biomethane potential of CBWs for Ino/CBW ratios 1:1 and 2:1 is very low compared to other organic substrates. For the codigestion tests, the test with the Ino/CBW:CM ratio of 2/0.7:0.3 showed better biomethane yields, being in the expected values. This demonstrated that it is possible to perform the anaerobic digestion (AD) of CBW using a cosubstrate to increase biogas production and biomethane and to improve the quality of the final digestate.

Download Full-text

ThermoEnergy Ammonia Recovery Process for Municipal and Agricultural Wastes

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2001.287 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 908-913 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alex G. Fassbender

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Ammonium Sulfate ◽

Large Scale ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Water Discharge ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Recovery Process ◽

Discharge Process ◽

Salt Crystal ◽

Ammonia Recovery

The Ammonia Recovery Process (ARP) is an award-winning, low-cost, environmentally responsible method of recovering nitrogen, in the form of ammonia, from various dilute waste streams and converting it into concentrated ammonium sulfate. The ThermoEnergy Biogas System utilizes the new chemisorption-based ARP to recover ammonia from anaerobically digested wastes. The process provides for optimal biogas production and significantly reduced nitrogen levels in the treated water discharge. Process flows for the ammonia recovery and ThermoEnergy biogas processes are presented and discussed. A comparison with other techniques such as biological nitrogen removal is made. The ARP technology uses reversible chemisorption and double salt crystal precipitation to recover and concentrate the ammonia. The ARP technology was successfully proven in a recent large-scale field demonstration at New York City’s Oakwood Beach Wastewater Treatment Plant, located on Staten Island. This project was a joint effort with Foster Wheeler Environmental Corporation, the Civil Engineering Research Foundation, and New York City Department of Environmental Protection. Independent validated plant data show that ARP consistently recovers up to 99.9% of the ammonia from the city’s centrate waste stream (derived from dewatering of sewage sludge), as ammonium sulfate. ARP technology can reduce the nitrogen (ammonia) discharged daily into local bodies of water by municipalities, concentrated animal farming operations, and industry. Recent advances to ARP enhance its performance and economic competitiveness in comparison to stripping or ammonia destruction technologies.

Download Full-text

CONSIDERATIONS ON RECYCLING POSSIBILITIES OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTES BY ANAEROBIC DIGESTION TREATMENT

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:1440 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 63 ◽

Author(s):

Maria V. Morar

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Water Treatment Plant ◽

Anaerobic Treatment ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽

Industrial Processing

In our country, the developments of the measures for the prevention of the environmental pollution are aligning to the UE Directives. The costs for the treatment of the water wastes are continuously increasing, following to the also increasing of the investments costs. Therefore it is necessary to accord attention for the alternatives of cleaning, treating, respective recycling of the agro-industrial wastes and their reintroduction in the natural circuit. At the processing of the food results wastes with high organic charge. The effluents form the processing of dairy products, sugar, starch, beer yeasts as well as breweries or distilleries are getting fast into acids fermentation, finally resulting organic acids. Such process water wastes can be released in the canalization by dilution or by a suitable treating. As an example, for the distillery wastes (distillery slops) with a high dry matter contents (4-20%), the waste water treatment plant shall be designed properly (with mechanical separation step and biological treatment) to ensure the capacity of purifying according to the high flow and increased concentration, due to the high CBOD5 concentration. The treatment of such water wastes can be realized with aerobic processes, which suppose a high energetic consumption. While in the aerobic purifying processes 50 % of the CBOD5 is involved in the forming of biomass and slurry in excess, in the anaerobic treatment processes (anaerobic or methane digestion) a high part of the substrate (until 70 %) is metabolized through the metabolic transformation of bacterial flora, with production of biogas. Therefore, the concentrated water wastes, with potential for the energy production could offer a possibility of energy replacement in the own processing units. The paper presents a review of the anaerobic digestion for different wastes from the agro-industrial processing and their potential for the biogas production. There are presented possibilities of mixture, respectively of co-digestion of different wastes the agro-industrial processing with other wastes from the agriculture (from cereals processing, biomass, manure etc). Simultaneously biogas plants from the praxis with functioning characteristics are presented.

Download Full-text

Effect of fipronil on biogas production performance during anaerobic digestion of chicken manure and corn straw

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B ◽

10.1080/03601234.2019.1592639 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 449-458 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiongfeng Hu ◽

Haifu Jiang ◽

Yanjie Zhang ◽

Fuchuan Huang ◽

Mingsheng Jiang

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Production Performance ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Corn Straw

Download Full-text

Application of the IWA Anaerobic Digestion Model (ADM1) for simulating full-scale anaerobic sewage sludge digestion

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2005.0557 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 52 (1-2) ◽

pp. 487-492 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Y. Shang ◽

B.R. Johnson ◽

R. Sieger

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Steady State ◽

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Biochemical Parameter ◽

Full Scale ◽

Anaerobic Digesters ◽

Biogas Yield ◽

Volatile Solids

A steady-state implementation of the IWA Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) has been applied to the anaerobic digesters in two wastewater treatment plants. The two plants have a wastewater treatment capacity of 76,000 and 820,000 m3/day, respectively, with approximately 12 and 205 dry metric tons sludge fed to digesters per day. The main purpose of this study is to compare the ADM1 model results with full-scale anaerobic digestion performance. For both plants, the prediction of the steady-state ADM1 implementation using the suggested physico-chemical and biochemical parameter values was able to reflect the results from the actual digester operations to a reasonable degree of accuracy on all parameters. The predicted total solids (TS) and volatile solids (VS) concentration in the digested biosolids, as well as the digester volatile solids destruction (VSD), biogas production and biogas yield are within 10% of the actual digester data. This study demonstrated that the ADM1 is a powerful tool for predicting the steady-state behaviour of anaerobic digesters treating sewage sludges. In addition, it showed that the use of a whole wastewater treatment plant simulator for fractionating the digester influent into the ADM1 input parameters was successful.

Download Full-text

Performance of Anaerobic Digestion of Chicken Manure Under Gradually Elevated Organic Loading Rates

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16122239 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. 2239 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Fei Wang ◽

Mengfu Pei ◽

Ling Qiu ◽

Yiqing Yao ◽

Congguang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Methane Content ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽

Organic Loading ◽

Biogas Yield ◽

Loading Rates

Poultry manure is the main source of agricultural and rural non-point source pollution, and its effective disposal through anaerobic digestion (AD) is of great significance; meanwhile, the high nitrogen content of chicken manure makes it a typical feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The performance of chicken-manure-based AD at gradient organic loading rates (OLRs) in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was investigated herein. The whole AD process was divided into five stages according to different OLRs, and it lasted for 150 days. The results showed that the biogas yield increased with increasing OLR, which was based on the volatile solids (VS), before reaching up to 11.5 g VS/(L·d), while the methane content was kept relatively stable and maintained at approximately 60%. However, when the VS was further increased to 11.5 g VS/(L·d), the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), pH, and alkalinity (CaCO3) rose to 2560 mg·L−1, 8.2, and 15,000 mg·L−1, respectively, while the volumetric biogas production rate (VBPR), methane content, and VS removal efficiency decreased to 0.30 L·(L·d)−1, 45%, and 40%, respectively. Therefore, the AD performance immediately deteriorated and ammonia inhibition occurred. Further analysis demonstrated that the microbial biomass yield and concentrations dropped dramatically in this period. These results indicated that the AD stayed steady when the OLR was lower than 11.5 g VS/(L·d); this also provides valuable information for improving the efficiency and stability of AD of a nitrogen-rich substrate.

Download Full-text