Cardiac surgery anesthesia and systemic inflammatory response

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 3648
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Sheikhi ◽  
Ahmad Ebadi ◽  
Alireza Shahriary ◽  
Hannaneh Davoodzadeh ◽  
Hossein Rahmani*
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Response

Cardiac surgery is associated with the development of a systemic inflammatory response. Inflammation represents the response of the body to tissue injury and in normal circumstances is a controlled humoral and cellular response that will lead to control of infection and wound healing. In some instances this response may become exaggerated, ultimately leading to additional tissue injury and the development of organ dysfunction. In this paper we discuss about relationships between cardiac surgery anesthesia and systemic inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple-organ damage / dysfunction in complicated canine babesiosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Welzl ◽  
A.L. Leisewitz ◽  
L.S. Jacobson ◽  
T. Vaughan-Scott ◽  
E. Myburgh
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Increased Risk

This study was designed to document the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in dogs with complicated babesiosis, and to assess their impact on outcome. Ninety-one cases were evaluated retro-spectively for SIRS and 56 for MODS. The liver, kidneys, lungs, central nervous system and musculature were assessed. Eighty-seven percent of cases were SIRS-positive. Fifty-two percent of the cases assessed for organ damage had single-organ damage and 48 % had MODS. Outcome was not significantly affected by either SIRS or MODS, but involvement of specific organs had a profound effect. Central nervous system involvement resulted in a 57 times greater chance of death and renal involvement in a 5-fold increased risk compared to all other complications. Lung involvement could not be statistically evaluated owing to co-linearity with other organs, but was associated with high mortality. Liver and muscle damage were common, but did not significantly affect outcome. There are manysimilarities between the observations in this study and previous human and animal studies in related fields, lending additional support to the body of evidence for shared underlying pathophysiological mechanisms in systemic inflammatory states.

scholarly journals Investigating the Wound Healing Potential of the Polyherbal Gels Prepared with Ficus Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Mahender K ◽  
Ravi D ◽  
Chaitanya Kumar K ◽  
Mothilal K
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Carbopol Gel ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis

Wounds are nothing but any damage to the tissue or skin that can be healed. The wound healing process is usually built in the human body to self heal many wounds. When there is an injury in the body, there is an inflammatory response that is generated in the body, and the cells begin to raise the collagen levels in the skin which enables to increase the healing process. Ficus species of plants are famous for their potency to treat diseases in various Indian systems of medicine and the tree is commonly called as a banyan. Especially the plant in the species benghalensis is used to treat rheumatism, wounds and other skin related problems like an ulcer. The herbal gels were prepared using the incorporation of the aqueous extracts of the plant Ficus benghalensis into carbopol gel. They were investigated for the wound healing potential compared to the betadine drug standard. The gels at a concentration 200mg/g of the gel showed better activity compared to the gel at 100mg/g and the standard drug, betadine.

scholarly journals Sepsis, mitochondrial failure and multiple organ dysfunction

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefina Duran-Bedolla ◽  
Marco A Montes de Oca-Sandoval ◽  
Vianey Saldaña-Navor ◽  
José A Villalobos-Silva ◽  
Maria Carmen Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to consider the state of oxidative stress, failure of the antioxidant systems and mitochondrial failure as the main physiopathological mechanisms leading to multiple organ dysfunction during sepsis. Principal findings: Sepsis is a clinical syndrome caused by a severe infection that triggers an exaggerated inflammatory response. Involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis are the activation of inflammatory, immune, hormonal, metabolic and bioenergetic responses. One of the pivotal factors in these processes is the increase of reactive species accompanied by the failure of the antioxidant systems, leading to a state of irreversible oxidative stress and mitochondrial failure. In a physiological state, reactive species and antioxidant systems are in redox balance. The loss of this balance during both chronic and infectious diseases leads to a state of oxidative stress, which is considered to be the greatest promoter of a systemic inflammatory response. The loss of the redox balance, together with a systemic inflammatory response during sepsis, can lead to progressive and irreversible mitochondrial failure, energy depletion, hypoxia, septic shock, severe sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction and death of the patient. Conclusion: Knowledge of the molecular processes associated with the development of oxidative stress should facilitate the development of effective therapies and better prognosis for patients with sepsis and organ dysfunction.

Abstract 11053: The Association Between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index with the Duration of Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 144 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Hu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Yongzhe Liu ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Wei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Immune Inflammation

Introduction: Systemic inflammatory response evoked by cardiac surgery involving a cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) in combination of surgical trauma, ischemia/reperfusion injury, hypothermia, and endotoxin release contributed to the postoperative morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to explore the potential of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) as novel markers to evaluate and predict the adverse clinical outcomes after longer CPB time in cardiac surgery. Methods: Patients who underwent cardiac surgery with or without CPB were allocated into two groups, CPB group (n=11) and N-CPB group (n=21). The time course of NLR, PLR, SII, and C-reactive protein (CPR) were analyzed at preoperative day 1 and postoperative day 1, 3, and 7. The baseline and postoperative parameters, the ICU and hospital stay were recorded. Results: There were no differences of baseline parameters between groups. The level of NLR, PLR, SII, and CPR at postoperative day 1 was higher than that in the preoperative day 1 in both groups (p < 0.01). The level of NLR, SII and CPR at postoperative day 3 was higher than that in the preoperative day 1 in both groups (p < 0.05). The NLR and SII at postoperative day 3 were higher in CPB group than that in N-CPB group (p < 0.05). The ICU and hospital stay was longer in CPB group than N-CPB group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The longer duration of CPB time induced higher systemic inflammatory response characterized by higher level of NLR, PLR and SII. The SII predicted the poor outcome after longer CPB. The peak of systemic inflammatory response occurred on the third day after cardiac surgery.

Systemic inflammatory response in cardiac surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
L.A. Krichevsky ◽  
V.Yu. Rybakov ◽  
A.A. Dvoryadkin ◽  
D.N. Protsenko
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response

Article Commentary: Sepsis, Systemic Inflammatory Response, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction: The Mystery Continues

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Human Sepsis ◽  
Critical Organ

Human sepsis is thought to be systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that is activated by invasive infection. The multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is the identified failure of critical organ function in patients that have sustained SIRS. Because SIRS and MODS are consequences of the excessive activation of inflammation, extensive research and numerous clinical trials have pursued treatments that would modify the inflammatory response. This presentation reviews the normal local mechanisms of inflammation and provides a theoretical framework for the transition of the inflammatory process to a systemic level. Clinical trials with biomodulators to block or inhibit inflammation have generally failed to improve the outcomes in patients with severe sepsis, septic shock, and MODS. The role of counter-inflammatory signaling and the newer concept of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway are being investigated, and newer hypotheses are focusing upon the balancing of proinflammatory and counter-inflammatory mechanisms as important directions for newer therapies. It is concluded that failure to define novel and effective treatments reflects fundamental gaps in our understanding of inflammation and its regulation.

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