Time-Dependent Retardation Model for Chemical Oxygen Demand Removal in a Subsurface-Flow Constructed Wetland for Winery Wastewater Treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.L. Shepherd ◽  
G. Tchobanoglous ◽  
M.E. Grismer
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand Removal ◽  
Winery Wastewater ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland

scholarly journals Effect of hydraulic retention time on chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen removal in intermittently aerated constructed wetlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Pires da Silva ◽  
Gabriela Barbosa da Costa ◽  
João Gabriel Thomaz Queluz ◽  
Marcelo Loureiro Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Intermittent Aeration

   This study evaluated the effect of hydraulic retention time on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal in an intermittently aerated constructed wetlands. Two horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands were used: one without aeration and the other aerated intermittently (1 hour with aeration/7 hours without aeration). Both systems were evaluated treating domestic wastewater produced synthetically. The flow rate into the two CWs was 8.6 L day-1 having a hydraulic retention time of 3 days. The results show that the intermittently aerated constructed wetland were highly efficient in removing COD (98.25%), TN (83.60%) and total phosphorus (78.10%), while the non-aerated constructed wetland showed lower efficiencies in the removal of COD (93.89%), TN (48.60%) and total phosphorus (58.66). These results indicate, therefore, that intermittent aeration allows the simultaneous occurrence of nitrification and denitrification processes, improving the removal of TN in horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands. In addition, the use of intermittent aeration also improves the performance of constructed wetlands in removing COD and total phosphorus.

Performance of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland in the removal of tanninsA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.N. Njau ◽  
M. Renalda
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Outlet Concentration ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland ◽  
Horizontal Subsurface Flow

A horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSFCW) was employed to remove tannins from the effluent of a tannins extracting company. Two HSSFCW cells with hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 9 d and packed with limestone were used. One cell without macrophytes was used as a control, while the second cell was planted with Phragmites mauritianus . Results indicated that HSSFCW was capable of treating tannin wastewater that has been seeded with primary facultative pond sludge. Tannins and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 95.9% and 90.6% with outlet concentration of 27 mg/L and 86 mg/L, respectively, were obtained in the planted cell; while the tannins and COD removal efficiency of 91.1% and 89.5% with outlet concentration of 57 mg/L and 96 mg/L, respectively, were obtained in the control cell.

scholarly journals Economic feasibility for wastewater treatment system composed of wetlands for the wastewater reuse: a case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robson Muniz McMahon Waite ◽  
Eduardo Gomes Salgado ◽  
Dirlane De Fátima do Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Wastewater Treatment System ◽  
Internal Rate ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland

Water is an asset that is becoming scarce and its reuse is an alternative to preserve it. Social and environmental feasibility motivate the adoption of reuse, but the financial factor can be limited to its use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic and financial feasibility for the investment in a domestic wastewater treatment system in which the constructed wetlands could be used aiming at the reuse for irrigation. Instruments such as the minimum attractiveness rate, discounted payback, the internal rate of return and the profitability index were used. The treatment system composed of an equalization tank, a septic tank, horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, subsurface flow constructed wetland, and a maturation pond comprising 52 m², demonstrating that it is able to meet the criteria required for reuse. The organic load affluent to the system was projected to 220 mg L-1 at a flow rate of 600 L day-1 of sewage, obtaining removal efficiency above 98% for all parameters, except nitrogen and phosphorus. In the analysis of economic and financial feasibility, it was found that the internal rate of return found for the cash flow considered was 98% and the profitability index according to the present value was 3.28. It was found that the total employed would be recovered in up to two years. With the use of the system, 180 m³ of water would be saved annually, reducing the pressure on the public supply system, in addition to the sewage treatment and the scenic beauty provided by wetlands. Therefore, the system is not limited only to economic gains, but also to social and environmental gains.

STUDI TREATMENT CONSTRUCTED WETLAND PADA AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK PEMUKIMAN PESISIR (Studi Kasus : Pantai Blebak, Kecamatan Mlonggo, Kabupaten Jepara)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kholis Normania Laily ◽  
Muhammad Amin ◽  
Dwi Sat Agus Yuwana
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Dracaena Sanderiana

<p>Kawasan pesisir erat kaitannya dengan perubahan sifat perairan yang terjadi akibat kegiatan manusia, salah satunya yaitu berasal dari air limbah domestik. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan pada pemukiman pesisir Pantai Blebak Kabupaten Jepara, menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat masih membuang air limbah langsung ke badan tanah tanpa melakukan pengolahan, sehingga mencemari kualitas air tanah. Oleh karena itu diperlukan metode dalam pengolahan air limbah.</p><p> </p><p>Penelitian ini menggunakan metode <em>Constructed Wetland Subsurface Flow Horizontal</em> dengan tanaman <em>Typha angustifolia,</em> <em>Cladium</em>, dan<em> Dracaena sanderiana</em>. Parameter senyawa yang ditinjau adalah BOD (<em>Biochemical Oxygen Demand</em>), COD (<em>Chemical Oxygen Demand</em>), dan TSS (<em>Total Suspended Solid</em>). Pengolahan dilakukan dengan waktu detensi 3,6, dan 9 hari. Sedangkan analisis<em> </em>data yang digunakan yaitu analisis uji Anova.</p><p> </p><p>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai penyisihan tertinggi kadar BOD, COD, dan TSS terjadi pada waktu detensi ke -9 hari. Penyisihan kadar BOD tertinggi yaitu sebesar 90,24%, untuk parameter COD yaitu sebesar 90,46%, sedangkan penyisihan TSS tertinggi yaitu sebebesar 90,61%.</p>

The improvement of water quality indicators in constructed wetland treatment systems in Latvia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Grinberga ◽  
Ainis Lagzdins
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland

&lt;p&gt;This study includes water quality monitoring data obtained since June, 2014 at the farm located in the middle part of Latvia. The water treatment system with two separate constructed wetlands was established to improve water quality in agricultural area. A surface flow constructed wetland received drainage runoff from the agricultural catchment basin. A subsurface flow constructed wetland was implemented to retain nutrients from the surface runoff collected in the area of impermeable pavements of the farmyard. As there are no other specific calculations recommended for the designing of constructed wetlands in Latvia, both wetlands were calculated basing on the surface area of the constructed wetland/catchment area ratio. The surface area of the subsurface flow constructed wetland was deigned by 1.2% of the catchment area and the ratio was 0.5 % for the surface flow constructed wetland.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Water samples were collected manually by grab sampling method once or twice per month basing on a flowrate. Water quality parameters such as total suspended solids (TSS), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), total nitrogen (TN), orthophosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P), and total phosphorus (TP), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analysed to monitor the performance of both wetlands. The concentrations at the inlet and outlet were compared to evaluate the efficiency of the water treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The concentrations of NO3-N, NH4-N and TN were reduced on average by 21 %, 35 % and 20 %, respectively for the surface flow constructed wetland. PO4-P and TP concentrations were reduced on average by 31 % and 45 %, respectively for the surface flow constructed wetland. Total suspended solids were reduced by 17% at the outlet of the surface flow constructed wetland. However, in some cases, an increase in nutrient concentrations in water leaving the wetland was observed. The study showed the constant reduction of the PO4-P and TP concentrations 82 % and 83 %, respectively in the subsurface flow constructed wetland. The concentrations of NO3-N, NH4-N and TN were reduced on average by 14 %, 66 % and 53 %, respectively for the subsurface flow constructed wetland. BOD and COD reduction on average by 93 % and 83 %, respectively in for the subsurface flow constructed wetland indicated the ability of the treatment system to be adapted for wastewater treatment with high content of organic matter under the given climate conditions. This study outlined that the farmyards should receive a special attention regarding surface runoff management.&lt;/p&gt;

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