Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Epigenetic Changes A Challenge

The detection of epigenetic changes associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia may reveal the pathophysiology and predict the onset of future diseases in offspring. We hypothesized that neonatal hypoglycaemia reflects the in utero environment associated with maternal gestational diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to identify epigenetic changes associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia. The association between DNA methylation using Infinium HumanMethylation EPIC BeadChip and neonatal plasma glucose (PG) level at 1 h after birth in 128 offspring born at term to mothers with well-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus was investigated by robust linear regression analysis. Cord blood DNA methylation at 12 CpG sites was significantly associated with PG at 1 h after birth after adding infant sex, delivery method, gestational day, and blood cell compositions as covariates to the regression model. DNA methylation at two CpG sites near an alternative transcription start site of ZNF696 was significantly associated with the PG level at 1 h following birth (false discovery rate-adjusted P < 0.05). Methylation levels at these sites increased as neonatal PG levels at 1 h after birth decreased. In conclusion, gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with DNA methylation changes at the alternative transcription start site of ZNF696 in cord blood cells. This is the first report of DNA methylation changes associated with neonatal PG at 1 h after birth.

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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Affects Offspring’s Epigenome. Is There a Way to Reduce the Negative Consequences?

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12092792 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2792

Author(s):

Monika Słupecka-Ziemilska ◽

Piotr Wychowański ◽

Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnancy Complication ◽

Epigenetic Changes ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Short Term ◽

Related Factors ◽

Epigenetic Programming

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common pregnancy complication worldwide and may result in short-term and long-term consequences for offspring. The present review highlights evidence of epigenetic programming, mostly from human studies, which occurs in offspring exposed to maternal GDM during different stages of development, paying special attention to the differences in sensitivity of offspring to maternal hyperglycemia as a result of sex-related factors. We also aim to answer the following question: If these epigenetic changes are constant throughout the lifetime of the offspring, how do they present phenotypically?

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Epigenetic Changes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22147649 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (14) ◽

pp. 7649

Author(s):

Dominik Franciszek Dłuski ◽

Ewa Wolińska ◽

Maciej Skrzypczak

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Methylation Status ◽

Epigenetic Changes ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Adverse Health Outcomes ◽

Adverse Pregnancy ◽

First Time

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance that appears or is for the first time diagnosed during pregnancy. It can lead to many complications in the mother and in the offspring, so diagnostics and management of GDM are important to avoid adverse pregnancy outcomes. Epigenetic studies revealed the different methylation status of genes in pregnancies with GDM compared to pregnancies without GDM. A growing body of evidence shows that the GDM can affect not only the course of the pregnancy, but also the development of the offspring, thus contributing to long-term effects and adverse health outcomes of the progeny. Epigenetic changes occur through histone modification, DNA methylation, and disrupted function of non-coding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) including microRNAs (miRNAs). In this review, we focus on the recent knowledge about epigenetic changes in GDM. The analysis of this topic may help us to understand pathophysiological mechanisms in GDM and find a solution to prevent their consequences.

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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Epigenetic Changes A Challenge

Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications ◽

10.21786/bbrc/14.6.53 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 257-261

Author(s):

R. P. Kalsait

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Epigenetic Changes

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Epigenetic Modifications Associated with Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22094693 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 4693

Author(s):

Mateusz Kunysz ◽

Olimpia Mora-Janiszewska ◽

Dorota Darmochwał-Kolarz

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Epigenetic Changes ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Endocrine Disrupting ◽

Therapeutic Measures ◽

Short And Long Term

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains a significant clinical and public health issue due to its increasing prevalence and the possibility for numerous short- and long-term complications. The growing incidence of GDM seems to coincide with the widespread use of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The extensive production and common use of these substances in everyday life has resulted in constant exposure to harmful substances from the environment. That may result in epigenetic changes, which may manifest themselves also after many years and be passed on to future generations. It is important to consider the possible link between environmental exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during pregnancy, epigenetic mechanisms and an increased risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This manuscript attempts to summarize data on epigenetic changes in pregnant women suffering from gestational diabetes in association with EDCs. There is a chance that epigenetic marks may serve as a tool for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic measures.

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