scholarly journals Discussion on São Paulo Mobility Plans

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Lucia Maes ◽  
Amanda Oliveira Mesquita ◽  
Mariana Batista de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
The City

Since urbanization rising and urban demographic increase, urban transportation has been an important life quality aspect and a strategic decision for cities. Mobility seems to follow citizens' behavior and be influenced by urban cultural changes at the same pace it influences back the city routine and resident’s conduct. The discussion around the future of mobility gained new magnitude nowadays since some sort of vehicles have proved themselves as the cause of significant environmental impact, while others showed themselves as alternatives of low impact for different reasons – from quality public transportation to individual transport with minimized emissions. The city of São Paulo in Brazil published its Master Plan in 2014 and its Mobility Plan in 2015, analyzing the current situation and proposing a future for the city’s transportation system. This paper intends to analyze both plans, construe the popular participation in their formulation and application, discuss how data and strategy were presented and whether they are aligned with other countries’ thinking on the subject. As a city of over 10 million inhabitants, in a Metropolitan Region of 39 cities with over 20 million inhabitants, the transportation system of São Paulo is not an easy or single-solution issue. It is known the need for a combination of different transportation modes, requiring likewise new visions for all methods. Owing to the fact that modes complete each other and, in that manner, may reach a wider range of options for the population to plan daily life, then a system with a great variety of modes ensures the best functioning of them all. This paper focuses on an outsider view that searches for answers and solutions on the São Paulo transportation system, having as a base what is considered outstanding in the world for this issue.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR THE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AGGREGATE DEMAND ESTIMATION: THE CASE OF THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF SÃO PAULO

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Daniel Alberto Pamplona ◽  
Alessandro Vinicius Marques de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Parametric Estimation ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo

This article investigates the application of economic indicators for the parametric estimation of public transportation aggregate demand. Since the transportation sector plays as vital role in a city infrastructure the objective is to present a method of selecting economic indicators that assist in the study of urban public transport demand, taking as a case study the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP). Using econometric modelling, it was estimated the effect of variables explaining total traffic in the transport system, and more specifically examine the role of fares and the employment and wage indicators. Statistical tests were performed to check the validity of the analyzed models and develop a rank of indicators according to their performance as regressors. The subset of indicators that were representative of industrial activity and more related to the local economy had the best performance as a forecasting tool.

Strikes and Pickets in Brazil: Working-Class Mobilization in the “Old” and “New” Unionism, the Strikes of 1957 and 1980

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 86-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Fontes ◽  
Francisco Barbosa de Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Labor History ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Time Gap ◽  
Brazilian History ◽  
New Unionism ◽  
The City

AbstractThis article analyzes the role of pickets in two of the most emblematic strikes in Brazilian labor history during the twentieth century: the “strike of the 400,000,” which involved several industry categories in São Paulo and neighboring cities in 1957, and the “forty-one days strike” in 1980 involving the metalworkers of the industrial belt, known as ABC Paulista, in the metropolitan region of the city of São Paulo. Both strikes broke out at a time of profound reconfiguration of Brazilian society, marked by industrialization, migration, and urbanization processes. Although separated by a time gap of almost twenty-five years, both the “strike of the 400,000” and the “forty-one days strike” reveal important aspects of the performance of workers in that crucial period of Brazilian history.

The Making of the Middle-Class City: Transportation Policy in São Paulo

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Vasconcellos
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
The City

The adaptation of urban spaces to cope with increased automobile traffic has been called the ‘building of automobile cities’. This is a vague and otherwise politically naive interpretation of these important changes in capitalist societies. Cars do not run on their own and one has to ask who is behind the wheels, and for what purposes. I argue that these spatial transformations are definite economic and political undertakings related to capitalist modernization processes, in which the middle classes, as preferential partners of ruling classes, play the most important role. In these contexts, the automobile turns out to be an essential means for the reproduction of the middle classes in their pursuit of social mobility. Therefore I argue that these large transformations should instead be seen as the ‘building of middle-class cities’. This paper is about how São Paulo was transformed into a middle-class city. In it I emphasize the period from 1960 to 1980, when the city population increased from 3.6 million to 8.5 million, and 1.6 million new automobiles were put into circulation. In this period Brazil experienced a highly dynamic capitalist modernization process, with high rates of GNP growth, under authoritarian (and often repressive) political rule. New middle-class sectors were generated, supported by the concentration of income and by their ideological commitment to the new regime. The city space was physically transformed to allow for a new pattern of circulation which was directly related to the new economic activities and the new lifestyle of these middle-class sectors, for whom the automobile became a vital means of social reproduction. The middle classes were represented, inside the state, by transportation planners who promoted the ideology of modernization. The space was then reshaped in a way which favored the circulation needs of the middle class population, in its prime role of driver, rather than the needs of the majority of the population, in their primary roles of pedestrian and captive public transportation user. Moreover, the mobility and fluidity needs of these selected middle-class sectors were pursued regardless of the safety and environmental consequences of the new circulation pattern. Similar processes can be identified in the developing world where other middle-class cities have been created. In spite of social and political differences, these processes share the objective of readapting space to ease the circulation of the social sectors which are relevant to economic accumulation and political legitimation.

scholarly journals Three new species of Mesabolivar (Aranea, Pholcidae) from leaf litter in urban environments in the city of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éwerton O. Machado ◽  
Antonio D. Brescovit ◽  
David F. Candiani ◽  
Bernhard A. Huber
Keyword(s):  
Urban Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
The City

In this study we describe three new litter inhabiting species of Mesabolivar González-Sponga, 1998 from nine urban forest remnants in the metropolitan region of the city of São Paulo, Brazil: M. forceps, M. mairyara and M. cavicelatus. In three of these remnants, we conduced a three year sampling using pitfall traps. Mesabolivar forceps sp. nov. was the most abundant pholcid (n=273 adults), always present in the samples, but with highest numbers in spring and summer. Mesabolivar mairyara sp. nov. was the second most abundant species (n=32), but the majority of individuals were collected in March 2001. Only three individuals of M. cavicelatus sp. nov. were collected.

scholarly journals Relations between Depression, Alcohol and Gender in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2425-2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana de Almeida Prado ◽  
Florence Kerr-Corrêa ◽  
Maria Cristina Pereira Lima ◽  
Giovanni Gurgel Aciole da Silva ◽  
Jair Lício Ferreira Santos
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Urban Sample ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

As part of the GENACIS project, this paper sought to assess the prevalence of depression in an urban sample in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, as well as the association between depression and alcohol abuse according to gender. To achieve this, an epidemiological survey was conducted using a stratified probability sample, including 2,083 adults. CIDI SF was used to identify depression. The Rao Scott test and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. The response rate was 74.9%. Females (58.3%) under 40 years of age (52%) were predominant. The prevalence of depression was 28.3% for women and 12.7% for men. Most men declared being drinkers (61.1%) in the last year. Depression was associated with an alcohol drinking pattern, mostly binge drinking, in addition to the occurrence of problems derived from alcohol use. Most women declared being abstainers (69.5%). Depression was associated with cohabiting with spouses with alcohol-related problems. Results reveal that the association between depression and alcohol consumption is distinct between genders.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR THE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AGGREGATE DEMAND ESTIMATION: THE CASE OF THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF SÃO PAULO

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Daniel Alberto Pamplona ◽  
Alessandro Vinicius Marques de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Parametric Estimation ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo

This article investigates the application of economic indicators for the parametric estimation of public transportation aggregate demand. Since the transportation sector plays as vital role in a city infrastructure the objective is to present a method of selecting economic indicators that assist in the study of urban public transport demand, taking as a case study the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP). Using econometric modelling, it was estimated the effect of variables explaining total traffic in the transport system, and more specifically examine the role of fares and the employment and wage indicators. Statistical tests were performed to check the validity of the analyzed models and develop a rank of indicators according to their performance as regressors. The subset of indicators that were representative of industrial activity and more related to the local economy had the best performance as a forecasting tool.

São Paulo

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Rolnik ◽  
Adriana Marín-Toro ◽  
Fernanda Accioly Moreira ◽  
Marina Kohler Harkot
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Food Trucks ◽  
The City

With over twenty million inhabitants, the São Paulo metropolitan region covers 900 square kilometers of urbanized area through thirty-nine municipalities, but its reach goes far beyond its boundaries. Its tentacles are present in distant locations in Brazil, in the continent, and in the whole world. São Paulo’s size and vastness comprise heterogeneous territories and social groups. It is a city connected to both real and virtual worlds of trade; it is an economic power, as well as a cradle for social movements and for Brazilian political leadership. But it is also a divided city crimped by both visible and invisible walls that rip its social fabric into ghettos, fortresses, and slums and besiege its public spaces. To be in the city is to be permanently exposed to its contradictory image of greatness, opulence, and poverty, with carts and armored SUVs, mansions and shacks, shopping malls and street vendors, and fancy food trucks and traditional popcorn sellers. At first glance, São Paulo looks like a fragmented city that does not seem to have originated from any kind of order. The city is in fact a child of chaos, of the wildest and ungoverned competition among individual projects aiming for social rise or simply survival, a product of the dreams of many generations of migrants and immigrants that came to the city seeking opportunities far from home. Urban plans and policy decisions have guided the city’s expansion over time, from the network of trains and trams in the 19th and early 20th centuries to the car-oriented grid of expressways from the 1940s to the present day. The bibliography on São Paulo is vast and has been produced by historians, geographers, architects, sociologists, and political scientists, among other disciplines, but is available mostly in Portuguese. In this selection, an effort was made to choose texts in English (when available), but also to cover essential readings from different disciplines, books or articles that have influenced generations of scholars, studies and authors that are considered classic works, being frequently cited, or, in a very few cases, are opening new paths and visions for the city today. The bibliography is organized by topics, starting with the city’s general and economic history, moving on to the political economy of its process of urbanization, and then covering specific themes.

scholarly journals Dengue control in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. S123-S128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afonso Dinis Costa Passos ◽  
Eugênia Maria Silveira Rodrigues ◽  
Amaury Lelis Dal-Fabbro
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Type I ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Preventive Work ◽  
Dengue Control ◽  
The City

Following an epidemic of type I dengue in late 1990, the municipality of Ribeirão Preto (State of São Paulo, Brazil) assumed direct responsibility for the control of Aedes aegypti larvae. Control activities are presented in this report and are based on popular participation and environmental management. Massive use of the communications media, participation by schoolchildren, constant contact with the population, and integration of various public agencies are the program's priorities. Although the drop in the number of susceptibles may have played a role in the reduction of cases after the initial epidemic, the intense preventive campaign certainly helped quell the disease in the city, since changes were observed in the behavior of the population towards potential breeding sites. The occurrence of new cases in recent years appears to be related to greater circulation of the virus in both the State of São Paulo and Brazil as a whole, indicating the need for control measures at the national and continental level, without which it will be difficult to maintain low transmission rates, even in areas submitted to intense preventive work.

scholarly journals Species composition of small non-volant mammals in the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo, Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cauê Monticelli ◽  
Thatiane Cristina Antunes ◽  
Kauê Souza de Moraes ◽  
Luan Henrique Morais ◽  
Amanda Alves de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Important Species ◽  
The City ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

Abstract: This study provides the first inventory of small non-volant mammals in the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), a protected area in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The data was collected from 2015 to 2017 in 16 research campaigns with a duration of five days each. Four areas with different phytophysiognomies were sampled throughout the dry and rainy seasons. We sampled small mammals using live-capture and pitfall traps. Eleven species were captured, composed of six rodents and five marsupials. The sampling effort involved 5,600 traps/night, there were 527 capture events, and we captured 302 distinct individuals: 174 marsupials and 128 rodents. Recaptures accounted for 42.7% of the total captures. No significant differences were observed in the richness and abundance of small non-volant mammals between the different phytophysiognomies. We also found no significant differences in the richness and abundance of small non-volant mammals between the dry and rainy seasons. The relative abundance (Ar) and constancy index (C) of the species showed that the three most abundant and common species in the PEFI are: Didelphis aurita, Akodon montensis and Oligoryzomys nigripes, which represented 93.7% of the captures. Tomahawk traps accounted for 69% of the total captures, and pitfall traps were responsible for detecting the greatest richness, capturing 81.8% of the species. Comparing the efficiency of the different sampling methods in capturing small mammals in the PEFI, we observed significant differences between both pitfall versus Tomahawk and pitfall versus Sherman in the understory. The results obtained in this study are consistent with the past and current situations of the forest fragment which are in recovery after significant altered by anthropic activity. In light of this scenario of degradation and isolation, a defaunation process affecting the mastofauna is very likely in the PEFI, which favors the establishment and dominance of generalist species. This study could be the basis for further monitoring programs of small non-volant mammals. The data obtained here will also increase knowledge about the diversity of small mammals in urban fragments of the Atlantic Forest and demonstrate the importance of the PEFI for the maintenance of ecologically important species within the largest metropolitan region in Brazil. These species play important biological roles for the maintenance of ecological interactions and for the provision of rare ecosystem services for the anthropic landscape, which is of great value to the city of São Paulo.

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