Prognostic Assessment of the Inflammatory Process Activity in Sarcoidosis of Respiratory Organs: Potential Use of C-reactive Protein and TNF-α

This research work is devoted to the development of new additional criteria for the activity of inflammatory process in sarcoidosis of respiratory organs. The objective is to assess the effectiveness of performed treatment of sarcoidosis of respiratory organs by using low-cost highly-sensitive inflammatory markers.Materials and methods. The study involved 68 patients with lung sarcoidosis before and after the three-month treatment. In addition to general-clinical methods of examination, patients with sarcoidosis were also determined the levels of TNF-α and СRP.Results and their discussion. Patients with active lung sarcoidosis had 17.6 times (p<0.05) increased level of CRP in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and 9.0 times (p<0.05) increased levels in peripheral blood serum; the levels of TNF-α increased by 4.98 times (p<0.05) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and by 3.2 times (p<0.05) in peripheral blood serum as compared to the findings in the control group of patients. The study showed that in the group of patients, where the efficacy of the prescribed therapy was noted, the level of CRP decreased by 2.76 times (p<0.05) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and by 2.58 times (p<0.05) in peripheral blood serum, and the concentration of TNF-α decreased by 3.87 times (p<0.05) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and by 2.06 times in peripheral blood serum as compared to the initial indices.Conclusions. The decrease of TNF-α level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid on the background of three-months treatment correlated (r=0.89; p<0.05) to the changes in peripheral blood serum; at the same time the decrease of TNF-α level in peripheral blood serum correlated (r=0.82; p<0.05) to the decrease of CRP in peripheral blood serum of patients with sarcoidosis of respiratory organs.

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Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate inhibits airway inflammation in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BMC Pulmonary Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12890-021-01745-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ye Yang ◽

Lei Huang ◽

Chongchong Tian ◽

Bingjun Qian

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Normal Control Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Magnesium Isoglycyrrhizinate

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a kind of chronic lung diseases with the characteristics of airway remodeling and airflow obstruction. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) is an anti-inflammatory glycyrrhizic acid preparation for treating hepatitis. However, whether MgIG can treat other diseases and its action mechanism is still obscure. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of MgIG in rats with COPD and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Methods Rat model of COPD was constructed by endotracheal-atomized lipopolysaccharide exposure and cigarette smoke induction. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, COPD model group, salmeterol fluticasone comparator group, low dose of MgIG group, and high dose of MgIG group. Except for normal control group, the other four groups received sensitization treatment by cigarette smoking and endotracheal-atomization of endotoxin lipopolysaccharide to construct COPD rats model. After model established successfully, the COPD rats in each group received corresponding dose of endotracheal-atomized normal saline, salmeterol fluticasone, and MgIG every day prior to exposure of cigarette smoke from days 30 to 45. Normal control group were treated with normal saline. Finally, All rats were euthanatized. Pulmonary function was measured. Cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were classified, inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α were determined, histopathological analysis was performed by HE staining, and expression of NLRP3 and cleaved caspase-1 in the lung tissue was also determined by Western blotting. Results It showed that MgIG treatment (0.40 or 0.80 mg/kg/day) could recover the weight and the clinical symptoms of rats with COPD, accompanied with lung inflammation infiltration reduction, airway wall attenuation, bronchial mucus secretion reduction. Additionally, MgIG administration reduced inflammatory cells (white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and decreased IL-6 and TNF-α production in the serum of COPD rats. Furthermore, MgIG treatment also reduced the expression level of NLRP3 and cleaved caspase-1. Conclusion It indicate that MgIG might be an alternative for COPD treatment, and its mechanism of action might be related to the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome.

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Ginsenoside ameliorated ventilator-induced lung injury in rats

Journal of Intensive Care ◽

10.1186/s40560-020-00509-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Woo Hyun Cho ◽

Yun Hak Kim ◽

Hye Jin Heo ◽

Dohyung Kim ◽

Tae Won Kwak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Injury ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Lung Injury Score ◽

Control Group ◽

Ventilator Induced Lung Injury ◽

Tnf Α

Abstract Background Ginsenosides have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features. This study aimed to evaluate the biologic effects of ginsenoside Rb2 pretreatment on ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in rats. Methods Rats were divided into four groups with 12 rats per group: control; low tidal volume (TV), TV of 6 mL/kg, VILI, TV of 20 mL/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cm H2O, and respiratory rate of 60 breaths per minute for 3 h at an inspiratory oxygen fraction of 0.21; and ginsenosides, treated the same as the VILI group but with 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal ginsenoside pretreatment. Morphology was observed with a microscope to confirm the VILI model. Wet-to-dry weight ratios, protein concentrations, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured. RNA sequencing of the lung tissues was conducted to analyze gene expression. Results High TV histologically induced VILI with alveolar edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Ginsenosides pretreatment significantly reduced the histologic lung injury score compared to the VILI group. Wet-to-dry weight ratios, malondialdehyde, and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly higher in the VILI group and ginsenoside pretreatment mitigated these effects. In the immunohistochemistry assay, ginsenoside pretreatment attenuated the TNF-α upregulation induced by VILI. We identified 823 genes differentially presented in the VILI group compared to the control group. Of the 823 genes, only 13 genes (Arrdc2, Cygb, Exnef, Lcn2, Mroh7, Nsf, Rexo2, Srp9, Tead3, Ephb6, Mvd, Sytl4, and Ube2l6) recovered to control levels in the ginsenoside group. Conclusions Ginsenosides inhibited the inflammatory and oxidative stress response in VILI. Further studies are required on the 13 genes, including LCN2.

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Yupingfeng Pulvis Regulates the Balance of T Cell Subsets in Asthma Mice

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/6916353 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zhigang Wang ◽

Xueting Cai ◽

Zhonghua Pang ◽

Dawei Wang ◽

Juan Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Th17 Cells ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Treg Cells ◽

T Cell Subsets ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Model ◽

Therapy Effect ◽

Tract Infections

Background. Yupingfeng Pulvis (HFBP) had played an active role in many diseases, especially respiratory tract infections. Exploring the possible prevention mechanism of HFBP may provide new ideas in clinical applications for this well-known herbal formula.Purpose. To study the possible mechanisms of therapy effect of HFBP on asthma mice via regulating the balance of Tregs and Th17 cells.Method. The female BALB/c mice were divided into five groups: control group, model group, prednisone (5.5 mg/kg) group, and 22 g/kg HFBP and 44 g/kg HFBP groups. Ovalbumin was used to make the asthma model of mice; the drug was ig administered daily after atomization for consecutive 15 d. The mice were killed after the last administration. The paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the lungs were stained by H&E. Tregs and Th17 cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected by flow cytometry. IL-4, TGF-β, and TNF-αin the serum were detected by ELISA assay.Results. HFBP could alleviate the inflammation in the lung tissue of mice, decrease the proportion of Th17 cells, and increase the proportion of Treg cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. HFBP could decrease IL-4 and TNF-αlevel and increase TGF-βlevel in blood.Conclusion. HFBP could treat the asthma through impacting the balance of Th17 cells and Treg cells as well as the levels of related inflammatory cytokines in asthma mice.

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Detailed analysis of cell profiles in peripheral blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and transbronchial biopsy specimens during acute rejection and cmv infection in lung and heart–lung allograft recipients

Transplantation Proceedings ◽

10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01484-5 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 31 (1-2) ◽

pp. 163-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J Tikkanen ◽

K Lemström ◽

M Halme ◽

S Pakkala ◽

E Taskinen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Rejection ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Detailed Analysis ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Transbronchial Biopsy ◽

Cmv Infection ◽

Biopsy Specimens

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Galactomannan in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis with Nonneutropenic Patients

Canadian Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1155/2017/3685261 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Qidong Zhuang ◽

Hongying Ma ◽

Yun Zhang ◽

Lei Chen ◽

Li Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽

Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Analysis ◽

Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gm Detection

Background. We evaluated the utility of galactomannan (GM) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in nonneutropenic patients. Methods. A total of 183 patients were included in the final analysis. Bronchoscopies and the detection of GM in BALF were all performed on them. Results. Ten cases of IPA were diagnosed. ROC data demonstrated that, for diagnosing IPA, an optimal cutoff value for GM in BALF of 0.76 yielded a sensitivity of 100.0% and a specificity of 76.2%. Symptoms and radiological findings had no significant difference between proven or probable IPA group and non-IPA group. In our case-control analysis, although nine patients with false-positive results received treatment with Piperacillin/tazobactam, there was no significant difference between case and control group. Conclusions. BALF GM detection is a valuable adjunctive diagnostic tool. Our retrospective study suggests that the optimal value of GM detection in BALF is 0.76 in nonneutropenic patients.

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