Multiscale microstructure engineering and the development of high performance, environmental friendly, low cost and thermally stable half-Heusler thermoelectric materials

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Yaw Wang Chai ◽  
Yoshisato Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Save Energy

A major challenge of the 21st century is the management of our planetary environment. It's a highly complex issue that permeates every level of our society and our ecosystem. There are multiple outstanding problems that need addressing. Continued use of fossil fuels and the release of global warming gases is leading to global warming and global shifts in weather patterns. Consumption of single use products is causing the twin issues of wasting resources whilst creating massive waste disposal problems. By products from all of these processes pollute the environment with toxic and persistent waste. If these problems are to be solved, a shift in how our global society operates is necessary. Reuse, recycling and achieving maximum efficiency in all processes is vital. Whilst this will necessarily include obvious sources of waste such as plastics, batteries and electrical equipment, it also necessitates the reuse of overlooked waste such as the heat produced in many mechanical and industrial processes. Heat is particularly neglected as a wasted source of energy. Millions of processes, such as chemical manufacture, car engines and electrical equipment, produce heat as part of their normal processing. Typically, this heat is allowed to dissipate into the environment and is often actively removed for the efficient and safe management of the process. However, if even a tiny portion of this heat could be captured and turned into a usable form of energy, we could power all sorts of processes. This would save energy and therefore resources that would otherwise be used for power. Professor Yoshisato Kimura and Associate Professor Yaw Wang Chai of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan are material engineers looking to harness thermoelectric (TE) materials to convert heat into electricity. Specifically, they are interested in TE materials that are capable of remaining stable and generating electricity at high temperatures.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Supercapacitor Electrodes: A Mini Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Sumedha Harike Nagarajarao ◽  
Apurva Nandagudi ◽  
Ramarao Viswanatha ◽  
Basavanakote Mahadevappa Basavaraja ◽  
Mysore Sridhar Santosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Lower Energy Density ◽  
Renewable Energy Storage

The use of nonrenewable fossil fuels for energy has increased in recent decades, posing a serious threat to human life. As a result, it is critical to build environmentally friendly and low-cost reliable and renewable energy storage solutions. The supercapacitor is a future energy device because of its higher power density and outstanding cyclic stability with a quick charge and discharge process. Supercapacitors, on the other hand, have a lower energy density than regular batteries. It is well known that the electrochemical characteristic of supercapacitors is strongly dependent on electrode materials. The current review highlights advance in the TMOs for supercapacitor electrodes. In addition, the newly discovered hybrid/pseudo-supercapacitors have been discussed. Metal oxides that are employed as electrode materials are the focus of this study. The discovery of nanostructured electrode materials continues to be a major focus of supercapacitor research. To create high-performance electrode materials from a morphological standpoint, various efforts have been attempted. Lastly, we analyze the supercapacitor’s evolving trend and our perspective for the future generations of supercapacitors.

scholarly journals Metal-Based Nanocomposite Materials for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenanthrene from Aqueous Solutions

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2374
Author(s):  
Husn Ara Chauhan ◽  
Mohd. Rafatullah ◽  
Khozema Ahmed Ali ◽  
Masoom Raza Siddiqui ◽  
Moonis Ali Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nanocomposite Materials ◽  
Phenanthrene Degradation ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Day By Day

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of naturally occurring chemicals resulting from the insufficient combustion of fossil fuels. Among the PAHs, phenanthrene is one of the most studied compounds in the marine ecosystems. The damaging effects of phenanthrene on the environment are increasing day by day globally. To lessen its effect on the environment, it is essential to remove phenanthrene from the water resources in particular and the environment in general through advanced treatment methods such as photocatalytic degradation with high-performance characteristics and low cost. Therefore, the combination of metals or amalgamation of bimetallic oxides as an efficient photocatalyst demonstrated its propitiousness for the degradation of phenanthrene from aqueous solutions. Here, we reviewed the different nanocomposite materials as a photocatalyst, the mechanism and reactions to the treatment of phenanthrene, as well as the influence of other variables on the rate of phenanthrene degradation.

Development and Application Practice of a 550MPa Grade Steel Plate in Purpose to Reduce Weight for Heavy Machinery Manufacture

2013 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 518-524
Author(s):  
Shu E Hu ◽  
Wei Hua Sun ◽  
Xiao Dong Liu ◽  
Dong Hua Hou ◽  
Rui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Machinery ◽  
Machinery Plant ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Micro Alloyed Steel ◽  
Bainite Microstructure ◽  
Machinery Manufacturing ◽  
Grade Steel

To save energy, the heavy machinery industries are encountering the challenge of reducing the equipment weight. The paper introduced a 550 MPa grade steel plate to replace the traditional 345 MPa grade steel for heavy machinery manufacturing. The niobium and vanadium micro-alloyed steel plate is characterized as bainite microstructure with high toughness, improved welding performance, and good fatigue resistance. A comparison between the present 550 MPa grade steel plate and a Ni, Mo, Cu bainite steel was studied. The developed steel plate shows competitiveness for a high performance and low cost. The 15% of weight reduction is achieved in a 50 ton digger at a typical engineering machinery plant.

Study of effective factors in the design of zero energy buildings in arid climate (case of Isfahan City)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Negar Aminoroayaei ◽  
Bahram Shahedi
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Current Century ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

In the current century, a suitable strategy is concerned for optimal consumption of energy, due to limited natural resources and fossil fuels for moving towards sustainable development and environmental protection. Given the rising cost of energy, environmental pollution and the end of fossil fuels, zero-energy buildings became a popular option in today's world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the design of zero-energy buildings, in order to reduce energy consumption and increase productivity, including plan form, climatic characteristics, materials, coverage etc. The present study collects the features of zero-energy building in Isfahan, which is based on the Emberger Climate View in the arid climate, by examining the books and related writings, field observations and using a descriptive method, in the form of qualitative studies. The results of the research showed that some actions are needed to save energy and, in general, less consumption of renewable energy by considering the climate and the use of natural conditions.

Global Warming and Its Multiple Causes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romdhane Ben Slama
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Heat Released ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

The global warming which preoccupies humanity, is still considered to be linked to a single cause which is the emission of greenhouse gases, CO2 in particular. In this article, we try to show that, on the one hand, the greenhouse effect (the radiative imprisonment to use the scientific term) took place in conjunction with the infrared radiation emitted by the earth. The surplus of CO2 due to the combustion of fossil fuels, but also the surplus of infrared emissions from artificialized soils contribute together or each separately,  to the imbalance of the natural greenhouse effect and the trend of global warming. In addition, another actor acting directly and instantaneously on the warming of the ambient air is the heat released by fossil fuels estimated at 17415.1010 kWh / year inducing a rise in temperature of 0.122 ° C, or 12.2 ° C / century.

Comparison of UV- and Derivative-Spectrophotometric and HPTLC UVDensitometric Methods for the Determination of Amrinone and Milrinone in Bulk Drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-253
Author(s):  
Marcin Gackowski ◽  
Marcin Koba ◽  
Stefan Kruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Therapeutic Monitoring ◽  
Bulk Drug ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Standard Solutions

Background: Spectrophotometry and thin layer chromatography have been commonly applied in pharmaceutical analysis for many years due to low cost, simplicity and short time of execution. Moreover, the latest modifications including automation of those methods have made them very effective and easy to perform, therefore, the new UV- and derivative spectrophotometry as well as high performance thin layer chromatography UV-densitometric (HPTLC) methods for the routine estimation of amrinone and milrinone in pharmaceutical formulation have been developed and compared in this work since European Pharmacopoeia 9.0 has yet incorporated in an analytical monograph a method for quantification of those compounds. Methods: For the first method the best conditions for quantification were achieved by measuring the lengths between two extrema (peak-to-peak amplitudes) 252 and 277 nm in UV spectra of standard solutions of amrinone and a signal at 288 nm of the first derivative spectra of standard solutions of milrinone. The linearity between D252-277 signal and concentration of amironone and 1D288 signal of milrinone in the same range of 5.0-25.0 μg ml/ml in DMSO:methanol (1:3 v/v) solutions presents the square correlation coefficient (r2) of 0,9997 and 0.9991, respectively. The second method was founded on HPTLC on silica plates, 1,4-dioxane:hexane (100:1.5) as a mobile phase and densitometric scanning at 252 nm for amrinone and at 271 nm for milrinone. Results: The assays were linear over the concentration range of 0,25-5.0 μg per spot (r2=0,9959) and 0,25-10.0 μg per spot (r2=0,9970) for amrinone and milrinone, respectively. The mean recoveries percentage were 99.81 and 100,34 for amrinone as well as 99,58 and 99.46 for milrinone, obtained with spectrophotometry and HPTLC, respectively. Conclusion: The comparison between two elaborated methods leads to the conclusion that UV and derivative spectrophotometry is more precise and gives better recovery, and that is why it should be applied for routine estimation of amrinone and milrinone in bulk drug, pharmaceutical forms and for therapeutic monitoring of the drug.

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