scholarly journals Высокотемпературная сверхпроводниковая магнитная система для изучения нейронной активности

2022 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Д.Н. Диев ◽  
И.А. Ковалев ◽  
М.Н. Макаренко ◽  
А.В. Наумов ◽  
А.В. Поляков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic System ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Neuron Activity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pancake Coil ◽  
Experimental Stand ◽  
Thermally Conducting

The paper describes a high-temperature superconducting magnetic system (HTS SMS) to equip an experimental stand intended for neuron activity researches under constant and low-frequency magnetic fields up to 1 T. The design of the magnetic system together with its electromagnetic and cryogenic parameters is briefly discussed. The test results of the preliminary experiments conducted in liquid nitrogen at 77 K for two interchangeable magnets are given. The first magnet was manufactured in the form of a double pancake coil wound with 4 mm high HTS tape. The second magnet was made of pure copper wire with no frame and was impregnated with a thermally conducting epoxy resin. The advantages of the HTS pancake coil were demonstrated in comparison with the cryo-resistive solenoid. Low energy consumption of the HTS magnetic system will allow conducting continuous non-invasive monitoring of biological objects in a magnetic field.

Tests of an HTSC-2G Coil for Neuron Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Dmitry N. DIEV ◽  
◽  
Ivan A. Kovalev ◽  
Marina N. MAKARENKO ◽  
Andrey V. NUMOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Neuron Activity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Transition Resistance ◽  
Double Pancake

The article describes the development, fabrication, and test results of a double pancake сoil made using second-generation high-temperature superconductors (HTSC-2G). The HTSC-2G coil is the key element of the cryomagnetic system intended for use as part of an experimental research setup for remotely controlling the expression of neurons by means of constant and low-frequency (up to 100 Hz) magnetic field. This project is a continuation of works [1] carried out on the integrated topic “Electronic Components and Neuromorphic Ccontrol Systems”, which includes, as a constituent part, the development and fabrication of an HTSC-2G cryomagnetic system for studying neuron activity under the effect of external magnetic field. A distinctive feature of the project is the use of a cryomagnetic system with a low energy consumption achieved owing to the use of modern HTSC materials. This will open the possibility to continuously observe the object under study from the start of its exposure to magnetic field to the occurrence of reaction signs. The technology for winding a double pancake HTSC-2G coil is developed and described. For making the coil, an HTSC-2G wire in polyamide varnish insulation was used. The technology of making inner junctions in double pancake HTSC-2G coils with a transition resistance of less than 120 nΩ at 77 K has been developed and successfully tried out. The results from preliminary tests of the HTSC-2G coil in liquid nitrogen are presented.

Fish Attraction with Pulsed Low-Frequency Sound

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1441-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Stimulus ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Commercial Fisheries ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Predatory Fishes ◽  
Underwater Television

A series of tests were conducted to determine the effectiveness of pulsed low-frequency acoustic signals for attracting fishes. The acoustic signals were contrived to simulate the hydrodynamically generated disturbances normally associated with active predation. Underwater television was used to observe fish arrivals during both control and test periods. Demersal predatory fishes were successfully attracted although they habituated rapidly to the acoustic stimulus. Members of the families Serranidae, Lutjanidae, and Pomadasyidae were particularly well represented among the fishes attracted. Sharks were also attracted in considerable numbers. Herbivorous reef fishes, although common around the test site, were not attracted. Possible relationships between the test results and the hearing capabilities of fishes are discussed. It is concluded that acoustic attraction techniques have potential applications in certain existing commercial fisheries.

Shock Test and Acceleration Analysis Methods of Marine Diesel Engines to Underwater Explosions

2013 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Zhao ◽  
Rui Bo Zhang ◽  
De Bin Zhu ◽  
Hong Bin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Shock Acceleration ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Shock Test ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Acceleration Analysis

Shock test of marine diesel engine is the important content for ship anti-shock research. Plentiful shock tests of equipments have been carried out abroad, but there is no detailed test methods of diesel engine. According to simulation results, 8-channel acceleration test points are determined. Because diesel engine is working, the measured shock acceleration is interfered by vibration signal. Orthogonal wavelet decomposition and wavelet noise reduction methods are used to separate shock component from test results. The seperated shock component consists of two parts. One is the low-frequency part caused by the shock from diesel foundation and then attenuation through the isolator, the other is the high-frequency part caused by the secondary shock of the retainer.

HEART RATE VARIABILITY RELATED TO N95 RESPIRATOR USE IN INTERNS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
Pakanati Sujana ◽  
Venkata Mahesh Gandhavalla ◽  
K. Prabhakara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
The Individual ◽  
N95 Respirators ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

Introduction: COVID19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 which is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets and contact routes. WHO recommended the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) for prevention and N95 respirators are critical components of PPE. Breathing through N95 respirator will impart stress in the individual and that can be assessed by heart rate variability (HRV). HRV measures the variation in time between each heartbeat controlled by autonomic nervous system (ANS), which is a non invasive reliable index to identify the ANS imbalances. Aims And Objectives: This study is aimed at assessing the HRV of Interns working in COVID19 wards using N95 respirators. Methodology: This study included 100 interns in whom short term HRV was recorded using the standard protocol. Lead II of ECG was recorded using AD instruments (ADI) 8channel polygraph and HRV was analysed using Labchart 8pro software. The recordings were taken before and 1hour after wearing N95 respirator. Results: Overall HRV (SDRR) was found to decrease signicantly after wearing N95 respirator for 1hr (p=0.000). Similarly, indices representing the parasympathetic component ( RMSSD and HF ) were also found to decrease signicantly with the use of N95 respirator. Low frequency (LF) power and LF/HF ratio increased signicantly with N95 respirator use (p=0.000). Conclusion: We conclude that using N95 respirator increased sympathetic activity reecting decreased HRV in our subjects Hence we recommend that it is better to change the duty pattern for interns.

scholarly journals Natural Sensations Evoked in Distal Extremities Using Surface Electrical Stimulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia P. Slopsema ◽  
John M. Boss ◽  
Lane A. Heyboer ◽  
Carson M. Tobias ◽  
Brooke P. Draggoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Neural Stimulation ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Neural Function ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
Better Than

Background: Electrical stimulation is increasingly relevant in a variety of medical treatments. In this study, surface electrical stimulation was evaluated as a method to non-invasively target a neural function, specifically natural sensation in the distal limbs. Method: Electrodes were placed over the median and ulnar nerves at the elbow and the common peroneal and lateral sural cutaneous nerves at the knee. Strength-duration curves for sensation were compared between nerves. The location, modality, and intensity of each sensation were also analyzed. In an effort to evoke natural sensations, several patterned waveforms were evaluated. Results: Distal sensation was obtained in all but one of the 48 nerves tested in able-bodied subjects and in the two nerves from subjects with an amputation. Increasing the pulse amplitude of the stimulus caused an increase in the area and magnitude of the sensation in a majority of subjects. A low frequency waveform evoked a tapping or tapping-like sensation in 29 out of the 31 able-bodied subjects and a sensation that could be considered natural in two subjects with an amputation. This waveform performed better than other patterned waveforms that had proven effective during implanted extra-neural stimulation. Conclusion: Surface electrical stimulation has the potential to be a powerful, non-invasive tool for activation of the nervous system. These results suggest that a tapping sensation in the distal extremity can be evoked in most able-bodied individuals and that targeting the nerve trunk from the surface is a valid method to evoke sensation in the phantom limb of individuals with an amputation for short term applications.

Advances in the Application of the Dual Fluoroscopic Imaging System in Sports Medicine: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2067-2076
Author(s):  
Cui Zhang ◽  
Xiaole Sun ◽  
Yunqi Tang ◽  
Shaobai Wang ◽  
Dongqiang Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ligament Strain ◽  
Fluoroscopic Imaging ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom

The dual fluoroscopic imaging system (DFIS) is a new non-invasive motion analysis system that does not interfere with movement, has high precision and repeatability and is not affected by the errors caused by the relative movement of skin and soft tissues. DFIS has been recently used in the field of sports medicine. This narrative review focuses on relevant literature on the origin, development and mechanism of action of DFIS and summarises the application of DFIS in injury and rehabilitation treatment, such as the reliability of test results; the position relationships of bony structures in the shoulder, lumbar spine, knee joint and ankle joint during exercise and its six degree-of-freedom (6DOF) movement to calculate cartilage deformation, contact area/trajectory and ligament strain. This article puts forward the problems encountered in practice that need to be solved and looks forward to the future applications of DFIS in the field of sports, especially in injury prevention and treatment.

Direct Palladium-Gold on copper as a Surface Finish for next generation Packages.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (DPC) ◽  
pp. 001145-001184
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ozkok ◽  
Sven Lamprecht ◽  
Gustavo Ramos ◽  
Arnd Kilian
Keyword(s):  
Surface Finish ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Wire Bonding ◽  
Gold Layer ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fine Line ◽  
Surface Finishes ◽  
Copper Wire Bonding ◽  
Bond Tests

A new surface finish is entering the market. The need for this finish comes from needs for new assembly technologies like copper wire bonding or chip assembly by thermo compression bond. Furthermore Nickel an element, which is the base of many surface finishes like ENIG or ENEPIG, is more and more regarded as an unpleasant element as of several disadvantages, such as for high frequency applications, for environmental issues or for fine line applications were a 5 μm Ni Layer is just simply too thick. All these concerns supporting the introduction of a new surface finish, a direct EP and direct EPAG finish. In particular, its suitability for copper wire bonding and its fine line capability makes it very attractive from a cost standpoint of view. In addition, the mentioned technological handicaps of nickel based finishes could be solved by applying a revolutionary surface finish – A Direct Palladium with an optional gold layer. The direct deposition of palladium on copper with an optional gold layer does have further technological, environmental and economical advantages. The suggested paper will describe and discuss the advantages and chances using this new surface finish, as well as demonstrate soldering on various wire bond tests on the Direct EP and EPAG finishes as well as soldering test results.

Reversal of Renal Insufficiency in an Aging Cat: A 5-year Multi-Crossover Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Dennis ◽  
John Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Electro Magnetic

Renal failure is a leading cause of suffering and death in domestic cats, with approximately 1 in 3 cats affected.  Current standard-of-care treatment usually involves palliative care, diets restricted in protein and phosphorus, plenty of fluids, and sometimes vitamin D and Omega-3.  But even with early detection, which is difficult, treatment options are limited and often are not very effective.  Dietary restrictions and palliative care are often the best that can be offered, but the creatinine levels tend to inexorably creep upward toward eventual kidney failure and death.  We report the effectiveness of the use of a low-frequency, low-intensity, non-invasive treatment using Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields, specifically tuned to inductively generate micro-electric currents in deep tissues (ICES®-PEMF).  This report chronicles the return to normal and then reversion to renal insufficiency in a single cat, when ICES®-PEMF was applied, then withheld, then applied again, over three cycles of application and non-application, over a 5-year period. A return to normal creatinine levels, with a subsequent return to renal insufficiency as indicated by loss of control of creatinine, correlated precisely with the application and non-application of ICES®-PEMF.  The pattern observed during each cycle was as follows:  when applied 2 to 3 times weekly for 20-60 minutes each treatment, creatinine levels declined to normal range within 2-3 months.  During periods when treatment was discontinued, creatinine levels began to climb to high levels again.  We suggest the further study and potential use of ICES®-PEMF as an effective, inexpensive, safe, non-invasive treatment for feline kidney disease.

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