Academically Successful Drug Users: An Oxymoron?

The present study examines substance use among academically successful students. The data were collected in two discrete anonymous surveys of 2,288 ninth-grade and 2,653 eleventh-grade California students, and 1,043 ninth-grade and 862 eleventh-grade students from a large suburban county. Over 70 percent of the academically successful students from both samples reported some type of drug use. These successful students were divided for comparison into three groups according to their involvement with drugs: abstainers, conventional users, and high-risk users. The analyses indicated that the negative association between drug use and academic achievement may be counterbalanced by mediating factors identified in the study. These factors included high “educational aspiration,” “parent educational level,” and “emotional stability.”

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Prevalence and Correlates of Criminal Behavior Among the Non-institutionalized Elderly: Results From the National Survey on Drug Use and Health

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology ◽

10.1177/0891988718787071 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 211-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elias Ghossoub ◽

Rita Khoury

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

National Survey ◽

Educational Level ◽

Criminal Behavior ◽

High Educational Level ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Driving While Intoxicated ◽

The Past ◽

The Law ◽

High Educational

Objectives: First to explore the prevalence of criminal behavior committed by the non-institutionalized geriatric American population. Second to determine the correlates of criminal behavior among this population. Methods: We used data of the non-institutionalized adults aged ≥65 years in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2008 through 2014. We compared socio-demographic and mental health profiles of arrestees to non-arrestees and lawbreakers to non-lawbreakers and then determined the correlates of being arrested and breaking the law through regression analyses. Results: Around 0.4% of the population reported being arrested, and 5% reported breaking the law in the past year. The most prevalent offense was driving while intoxicated. Arrestees were significantly more likely to be male and to have had an alcohol or a drug(s) use disorder in the past year. Lawbreakers had a significant likelihood of being male, having a high educational level, and having an alcohol or a drug(s) use disorder in the past year. Conclusions: Elderly lawbreakers seem to have distinct characteristics that not just separate them from non-offenders but also probably from younger lawbreakers.

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Increases in injection drug use putting drug users at risk for HIV and other blood-borne diseases

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e417382008-001 ◽

2004 ◽

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Drug Users ◽

Injection Drug

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Drug Use Patterns and Demographics of Employed Drug Users: Data from the 1988 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e496352006-002 ◽

1990 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrea Kopstein ◽

◽

Joseph Gfroerer

Keyword(s):

Drug Abuse ◽

Drug Use ◽

Drug Users ◽

Household Survey ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Drug Use Patterns ◽

National Household Survey

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The differences of caring by father and mother to their child based on parent educational level: Using an indigenous psychological approach

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e627722013-147 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Luthfi Noor Aini ◽

Adistiya Nanda ◽

Kartika Sari Dewi

Keyword(s):

Educational Level ◽

Psychological Approach ◽

Parent Educational Level

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Recreational Prescription Drug Use Among College Students

NASPA Journal ◽

10.2202/0027-6014.1569 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ethan A Kolek

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Prescription Drug ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Prescription Drugs ◽

Drug Users ◽

Research University ◽

Future Research ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Prescription Drug Use ◽

Other Substances

The purpose of this study was to explore recreational prescription drug use among undergraduate students. Although anecdotal accounts on this subject abound, empirical research is extremely limited. Data from a survey of a random sample of 734 students at a large public research university in the Northeast were examined. Results indicate that a substantial proportion of students reported having used prescription drugs for recreational purposes in the year prior to survey administration. Recreational prescription drug use was positively associated with the use of other substances including alcohol. Recreational prescription drug users were also more likely than other drug users to report negative consequences as a result of their drug use. Implications for future research and for student affairs are discussed.

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Illicit Drug Use in Canada and Implications for Suicidal Behaviors, and Household Food Insecurity: Findings from a Large, Nationally Representative Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126425 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6425

Author(s):

Nicola Luigi Bragazzi ◽

Dan Beamish ◽

Jude Dzevela Kong ◽

Jianhong Wu

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Drug Use ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Drug Users ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Household Food Insecurity ◽

Household Food ◽

Suicidal Attempts ◽

Nationally Representative

Background and Aims: Illicit drug use is an ongoing health and social issue in Canada. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of illicit drug use and its implications for suicidal behaviors, and household food insecurity in Canada. Design: Cross-sectional population survey. Setting: Canada, using the 2015–2016 Canadian Community Health Survey, a nationally representative sample selected by stratified multi-stage probability sampling. Participants: A total of 106,850 respondents aged ≥ 12 years who had completed information on illicit drug use. Measurements: Illicit drug use was assessed through a series of questions about illicit drug use methods. Respondents who reported lifetime illicit drug use but no past-year use were considered to have prior illicit drug use. In this survey, illicit drug use included cannabis use. Findings: Overall, the prevalence of lifetime, past-year, and prior illicit drug use was 33.2% (9.8 million), 10.4% (3.1 million), and 22.7% (6.7 million), respectively. In models adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, prior illicit drug use was significantly associated with increased odds of past-year suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.21, 95% CI 1.04–1.40), and plans (1.48, 1.15–1.91), and past-year household food insecurity (1.27, 1.14–1.41), and the odds were much higher among prior injecting drug users than prior non-injecting drug users. No significant correlation was found between prior illicit drug use and past-year suicidal attempts, but there was a strong association between past-year illicit drug use and past-year suicidal attempts. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that even after people have stopped taking illicit drugs, prior illicit drug use, especially for prior injecting drug use, continues to be associated with increased risks of subsequent suicidal ideation, and plans, and household food insecurity.

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The mediating effect of lifestyles on the association between social factors and DNA methylation

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.230 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

A Maugeri ◽

M Barchitta ◽

G Favara ◽

C La Mastra ◽

MC La Rosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Dna Methylation ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Educational Level ◽

Methylation Level ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

High Educational Level ◽

Age Related ◽

High Educational

Abstract Background Social disadvantage and unhealthy lifestyles may induce molecular changes associated with aging and age-related diseases. For instance, previous studies reported socioeconomic difference in DNA methylation, which in turn led to aberrant gene expression and genome instability. Socioeconomic status (SES) alone, however, does not completely explain this difference, and further studies are needed to unveil what factors contribute to it. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on 349 Italian women, aged 25-64 years, to assess SES differences in LINE-1 methylation level - a surrogate marker of global DNA methylation - and to examine the mediating effect of lifestyles (i.e. diet, smoking habits, physical activity, and weight status). Educational level was used as SES indicator. The adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) was assessed by the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). Leukocyte LINE-1 methylation was assessed by pyrosequencing. Mediation analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro for the SPSS software. Results We first observed that women with high educational level were more likely to be normal weight (p < 0.001) and to adhere to MD (p = 0.018), and less likely to perform physical activity (p = 0.012) than their less educated counterpart. Moreover, age-adjusted linear regression demonstrated that LINE-1 methylation level increased with increasing educational level (β = 0.016; SE = 0.003; p < 0.001). In line, mediation analysis demonstrated an indirect effect of high educational level on LINE-1 methylation through the adherence to MD (β = 0.003; 95%CI=0.001-0.006). Specifically, the mediator could account for 9.5% of the total effect. None of the other lifestyles, instead, exhibited a significant mediating effect. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the mediation of diet in the relationship between SES and DNA methylation. Thus, our findings add even more value to the promotion of healthy dietary habits among social disadvantaged people. Key messages Social disadvantage is associated with epigenetic changes related to aging and age-related diseases. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet might mediate the association between socioeconomic status and DNA methylation.

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