The Effect of Verbal Instruction and Artistic Background on the Aesthetic Judgment of Rectangles

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hekkert ◽  
C. (Lieke) E. Peper ◽  
Piet C. W. Van Wieringen
Keyword(s):  
Golden Section ◽  
Individual Preference ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Objective Condition ◽  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
Preference Functions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Types Of Instruction

A review of studies on the judgment of rectangle proportions pointed out that individual differences in preference might be partly due to differences in verbal instructions given to the subjects. In the present experiment two types of instruction were used and their effects on both naive and experienced (art school) subjects were assessed. Following a subjective instruction, emphasizing personal preference, mean ratings of naive subjects revealed a preference peak around the Golden Section, whereas mean ratings of experienced viewers peaked at the square. In the objective condition, involving judgment of the goodness of proportion regardless of personal liking, the mean preferences of both groups clearly tended toward the square. Individual preference functions partly confirmed these mean patterns, but demonstrated large intersubject variability. Moreover, the naive viewers were significantly more consistent in their ratings than the experienced ones.

A Constraint on the Expressive Timing of a Melodic Gesture: Evidence from Performance and Aesthetic Judgment

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno H. Repp
Keyword(s):  
Music Performance ◽  
Individual Preference ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Digital Interface ◽  
Temporal Shape ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Timing Function ◽  
Artistic Freedom ◽  
The Aesthetic

Discussions of music performance often stress diversity and artistic freedom, yet there is general agreement that interpretation is not arbitrary and that there are standards that performances can be judged by. However, there have been few objective demonstrations of any extant constraints on music performance and judgment, particularly at the level of expressive microstructure. This study illustrates such a constraint in one specific case: the expressive timing of a melodic gesture that occurs repeatedly in Robert Schumann's famous piano piece, "Traumerei." Tone onset timing measurements in 28 recorded performances by famous pianists suggest that the most common " temporal shape" of this (nominally isochronous) musical gesture is parabolic and that individual variations can be described largely by varying a single degree of freedom of the parabolic timing function. The aesthetic validity of this apparent constraint on local performance timing was investigated in a perceptual experiment. Listeners judged a variety of timing patterns (original parabolic, shifted parabolic, and nonparabolic) imposed on the same melodic gesture, produced on an electronic piano under control of a Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI). The original parabolic patterns received the highest ratings from musically trained listeners. (Musically untrained listeners were unable to give consistent judgments.) The results support the hypothesis that there are classes of optimal temporal shapes for melodic gestures in music performance and that musically acculturated listeners know and expect these shapes. Being classes of shapes, they represent flexible constraints within which artistic freedom and individual preference can manifest themselves.

Self-Consistency, Value Strength and Aesthetic Judgments

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene L. Hartley ◽  
Shirley Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Test ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
The Self ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Rank Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Index 2 ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Self Consistency ◽  
Aesthetic Judgments

An empirical test was made of the relation of self-consistency to strength of the aesthetic value in determining aesthetic judgments. 25 undergraduate Ss responded to 24 paintings. From each respondent was collected: (1) using a self-anchoring scale adaptation, a self-rating of personality characteristics subjectively deemed the significant attributes characterizing those who liked and disliked each painting as the self-concept index, (2) rating of the degree of liking each painting on a six-point scale as the aesthetic behavior studied and (3) score on the Aesthetic Value of the Allport-Vernon-Lindzey Study of Values as the index of the strength or importance of the particular value involved. Tetrachoric correlations of the 24 sets of responses made by each individual in (1) and (2) were used as the indices of self-consistency. The mean rt = .50 ( p < .01). Rank difference correlations of these rts and the score on the Aesthetic Value from (3) indicated the importance of the value in determining the strength of the self-consistency ( rho = .39, p < 05), confirming the significance of this correlate of the self-consistency dynamic in aesthetic judgment.

Effect of Face-Masking on Aesthetic Judgment

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Paul Swartz
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Aesthetic Response ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Aesthetic Awareness

Masked and unmasked university students, 11 women and 9 men in each group, applied a 20-scale form of the semantic differential to each of 10 paintings. Subjects chose their masks from eight articulated faces. On balance the pattern of differences in mean scale values for the two groups suggests that masking enhanced aesthetic awareness. Masked subjects judged the paintings significantly softer, more complex, more luminous, and sweeter. In a supplementary study 60 students, 40 women and 20 men, applied the same set of scales to the masks themselves. Alpha factoring, based on the mean ratings for all subjects, and equamax rotation was performed for scales as variables. Four factors emerged, in order: Temperament, Visual Tension, Evaluation and Dynamism. The mask most often chosen in Exp. I was judged most benign and most meaningful. Such a mask seems especially helpful to the aesthetic response.

scholarly journals Desconfortos, complicações e satisfações de mulheres após mamoplastia redutora

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 913
Author(s):  
Ana Lucia De Faria ◽  
Teresa Celia de Mattos Moraes dos Santos ◽  
Maria Cecilia Pereira Nakamiti ◽  
Eliana Fátima Almeida Nascimento ◽  
Paula Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Mammaplasty ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Postoperative Results ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Lack Of Sleep ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The University

Objective: to identify the patients' discomforts, complications and satisfactions in the postoperative reduction mammaplasty. Methods: this is about a prospective, exploratory and descriptive study, from quantitative approach. The population was performed by 21 patients who underwent to a reduction mammaplasty in a plastic surgery clinic in Taubaté/SP city 2007. Data were collected from August to November 2007 and quantified, analyzed and presented in tables and figures. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Taubaté (0132/07). Results: the mean age was 41.3 years old; as for marital status, the married women were prevailing; among them, 66.67% had children and breastfed. The reason for the surgery that most stood out was the aesthetic. The test performed in the breast, preoperatively, was the USG and mammography. The most cited discomfort in the postoperative period was the lack of sleep position (38.09%). The abcense of any complications was predominant (71.44%), and the patient's satisfaction with the reduction mammaplasty outcomes was excellent (71.44%). Conclusion: the discomforts, complications, and satisfactions postoperative results went beyond the expectations. The patients felt in harmony with their own images, high self-steem, and high physical, psycological and social levels of satisfaction. Descriptors: trends; nursing; rehabilitation.

Hearing the Contradictions: Aesthetic Experience, Music and Digitization

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-302
Author(s):  
Nancy Weiss Hanrahan
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Thick Description ◽  
Cultural Form ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
Primary Object ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Environments ◽  
The Aesthetic

If, as Susan Buck-Morss (2003) suggests, aesthetic experience is an occasion for “making critical judgments about not only cultural forms but social forms of our being-in-the-world,” or if it is linked, in David Hesmondhalgh’s (2013) account, to the possibilities of collective flourishing, potential changes in the nature of that experience merit critical attention. This article reflects on the ways in which these social or ethical dimensions of the aesthetic experience of music are affected by digitization. It moves from a discussion of aesthetic experience as a form of encounter that refers to a common world, to consideration of recent work in music sociology that engages themes that emerge from that discussion: aesthetic judgment, and the question of difference and commonality. With illustrations from focus group interviews, I suggest that the quantization associated with digital environments is altering the cultural form of aesthetic judgment, just as personalization is changing the meaning of “difference” in this context. The essay is intended as a disclosive critique that takes as its primary object not the world observable through thick description or hermeneutic interpretation of actual cultural practice, but a world evoked through critical reflection on its actual and potential constellations of meaning.

Feminist Aesthetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Male Gaze ◽  
Canon Formation ◽  
Artistic Production ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Female Nude ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Feminist Aesthetics

This chapter summarizes central issues and themes in feminist philosophical aesthetics in the analytic tradition, although some continental figures are discussed. After introducing the interdisciplinary, intersectional and trans* inclusive approach that feminist aesthetics is starting to take, this essay discusses situatedness, artistic canon formation, humanism vs. gynocentrism, rewriting the philosophical canon, overcoming artworld biases, and the role of the aesthetic in systemic oppression. Specific topics to be discussed include the male gaze, the female nude, the concept of artistic genius, women’s artistic production, the purported universality of correct aesthetic judgment, the sex/gender distinction as it pertains to aesthetics and the arts, and body aesthetics.

scholarly journals MINILAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcio Américo Della COLETTA ◽  
Bruno Ziade GIL ◽  
Renato Morato ZANATTO
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Surgical Time ◽  
Aesthetic Result ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Aesthetic

Background: Minilaparoscopy is considered one of the minimally invasive options available for acute appendicitis treatment, although not always employed in less complexity public health services. Aim: Report surgical outcomes of minilaparoscopy use in acute appendicitis treatment. Method : The study included 21 patients undergoing minilaparoscopic appendectomy with instrumental of 3 mm. The following variables were analyzed: sex, age, body mass index, stage of appendicitis, surgical time, hospital stay, surgical complications, conversion rate to conventional laparoscopy or laparotomy, pain after surgery and aesthetic result. Results: Twelve men and nine women underwent minilaparoscopic appendectomy. The average age was 27,8 years, the mean BMI was 24,8 kg/m2. The operative time ranged from 33 to 160 min and the average of hospital stay was three days. Among the 21 patients, 20 reported mild pain or no pain in the first postoperative day. The aesthetic result was considered "satisfactory" and "very satisfactory" by 95% of the patients. Conclusions: The minilaparoscopy is viable technique for treating acute appendicitis with a satisfactory recovery. It combines the benefits of minimally invasive procedures with results similar to conventional techniques.

scholarly journals The neural mechanism of aesthetic judgments of dynamic landscapes: an fMRI study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueru Zhao ◽  
Junjing Wang ◽  
Jinhui Li ◽  
Guang Luo ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Dynamic Stimuli ◽  
Dynamic Landscapes ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Aesthetic Judgments

AbstractMost previous neuroaesthetics research has been limited to considering the aesthetic judgment of static stimuli, with few studies examining the aesthetic judgment of dynamic stimuli. The present study explored the neural mechanisms underlying aesthetic judgment of dynamic landscapes, and compared the neural mechanisms between the aesthetic judgments of dynamic landscapes and static ones. Participants were scanned while they performed aesthetic judgments on dynamic landscapes and matched static ones. The results revealed regions of occipital lobe, frontal lobe, supplementary motor area, cingulate cortex and insula were commonly activated both in the aesthetic judgments of dynamic and static landscapes. Furthermore, compared to static landscapes, stronger activations of middle temporal gyrus (MT/V5), and hippocampus were found in the aesthetic judgments of dynamic landscapes. This study provided neural evidence that visual processing related regions, emotion-related regions were more active when viewing dynamic landscapes than static ones, which also indicated that dynamic stimuli were more beautiful than static ones.

Preference for Proportions as a Function of Context

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Benjafield ◽  
Keith McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Golden Section ◽  
Current Controversy ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Order Of Presentation ◽  
Aesthetic Preferences

The debate over the aesthetic pleasingness of the golden section is still ongoing, over 100 years after Fechner's pioneering investigations. The present study attempts to advance the debate by investigating the role of context in determining which rectangular proportions are preferred. Participants were shown three different ranges of proportions in three different orders. The order of presentation of ranges influenced aesthetic preferences most when the first range presented contained relatively “thin” rectangles. However, when the first range presented contained relatively “thick” rectangles, or had the golden section as its mid-point, then the most preferred proportion was in the vicinity of the golden section. These results are discussed in relation to the current controversy concerning the aesthetic significance of the golden section.

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