scholarly journals Spatial Relation between Wind Stress and Storm Surge during Hurricanes Laura and Delta in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Shih-Ang Hsu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Surface Analysis ◽  
Wind Stress ◽  
Spatial Relation ◽  
High Water ◽  
Mesoscale Meteorology ◽  
First Approximation

Spatial relation between wind stress and storm surge during two hurricanes in 2020 is investigated. It is found that, during Laura’s landfall, the area inside of 65 knots (34 m s -1) isotach or line of equal wind speed can produce up to 18 ft (5.5 m) inundation and during Delta, the area inside of 50 knots (26 m s -1) up to 11 ft (3.3 m) high water level above the ground. The tropical cyclone (TC) surface analysis near landfall by the Regional and Mesoscale Meteorology Branch (RAMMB) is recommended as a first approximation for coastal environmental and engineering applications during a TC.

The Study of the Impact for Coastal Engineering on High Water Level Induced by Storm Surges in Bohai Bay

2011 ◽  
Vol 94-96 ◽  
pp. 810-814
Author(s):  
Jin Shan Zhang ◽  
Wei Sheng Zhang ◽  
Chen Cheng ◽  
Lin Yun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
High Water ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
Cold Wave ◽  
Bohai Bay ◽  
Ocean Engineering ◽  
The Impact

Bohai Bay is an semi-closed bay, the storm surge disaster is very serious in past. Now more and more large ocean engineering are built here, To study changes of storm surge induced by the construction of large-scale coastal engineering in Bohai Bay in present, 2D numerical storm surge model is established with large - medium - small model nested approach. The three most typical storms surges: 9216, 9711 and by cold wave in October 2003 are simulated in the condition of before and after implementation of planning projects in Bohai Bay. Changes of storm surge water level due to implementation of artificial projects are analysis in this paper.

Uncertainty in coastal flooding: modelling and visualisation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Maskell
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Return Period ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
High Water ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Flood Maps

<p>Two case studies are considered in the UK, where uncertainty and drivers of coastal flood risk are explored through modelling and visualisations. Visualising the impact of uncertainty is a useful way of explaining the potential range of predicted or simulated flood risk to both expert and non-expert stakeholders.</p><p>Significant flooding occurred in December 2013 and January 2017 at Hornsea on the UK East Coast, where storm surge levels and waves overtopped the town’s coastal defences. Uncertainty in the potential coastal flooding is visualised at Hornsea due to the range of uncertainty in the 100-year return period water level and in the calculated overtopping due to 3 m waves at the defences. The range of uncertainty in the simulated flooding is visualised through flood maps, where various combinations of the uncertainties decrease or increase the simulated inundated area by 58% and 82% respectively.</p><p>Located at the mouth of the Mersey Estuary and facing the Irish Sea, New Brighton is affected by a large tidal range with potential storm surge and large waves. Uncertainty in the coastal flooding at the 100-year return period due to the combination of water levels and waves is explored through Monte-Carlo analysis and hydrodynamic modelling. Visualisation through flood maps shows that the inundation extent at New Brighton varies significantly for combined wave and surge events with a joint probability of 100 years, where the total flooded area ranges from 0 m<sup>2</sup> to 10,300 m<sup>2</sup>. Waves are an important flood mechanism at New Brighton but are dependent on high water levels to impact the coastal defences and reduce the effective freeboard. The combination of waves and high-water levels at this return level not only determine the magnitude of the flood extent but also the spatial characteristics of the risk, whereby flooding of residential properties is dominated by overflow from high water levels, and commercial and leisure properties are affected by large waves that occur when the water level is relatively high at the defences.</p>

scholarly journals COASTAL ENGINEERING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A FETCH-LIMITED STORM-TRACKED LACUSTRINE MARINA

2020 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Andrei Raphael Dita ◽  
Eric Cruz ◽  
Jose Carlo Eric Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
High Water ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Project Area ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Operating Level

A marina for small crafts is being planned to be built within Caliraya Lake situated at an elevation of 290m above Mean Sea Level (maMSL). Unlike sea-connected water bodies, the water level of Caliraya Lake is largely influenced not by tidal fluctuations, but by the operational water level requirements of the hydroelectric power plant that it caters to. Due to the large difference in the Normal High Water Level (NHWL) and Minimum Operating Level (MOL) of the lake of 2.5m, a floating pontoon marina with guide piles was contemplated to be used. The marina analysis and design approaches implemented in this study considered waves generated by prevailing winds and ship-generated wakes to assess the wave climate and tranquility within the marina. Since the project area is also frequently tracked by typhoons, wind- and pressure-driven storm surges were also used for the vertical siting of the guide piles. Lastly, based on the geographic appearances of the lake shoreline and with the small size of the lake, the fetch limitations resulted to very small wind-generated waves and wind setup considered as wind-driven storm surge components. In comparison to open seas where wind-driven storm surge accounts for approximately 95percent of the total storm surge, the wind-driven storm surge components for the potentially critical historical typhoons which traversed within 200-km radius of the project area only generated 10-30percent of the total storm surge considered for the vertical siting.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/m-XEEw6r99g

scholarly journals Tropical cyclone wind speed constraints from resultant storm surge deposition: A 2500 year reconstruction of hurricane activity from St. Marks, FL

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2993-3008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Brandon ◽  
Jonathan D. Woodruff ◽  
D. Phil Lane ◽  
Jeffrey P. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Hurricane Activity

scholarly journals STORM SURGE FORECASTING METHODS IN ENCLOSED SEAS

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
P.F. Hamblin
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
High Water ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Forecasting Methods ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Storm Surge Forecasting

Storm surges in enclosed seas although generally not as large in amplitude as their oceanic counterparts are nonetheless of considerable importance when low lying shoreline profiles, shallow water depth, and favourable geographical orientation to storm winds occur together. High water may result in shoreline innundation and in enhanced shoreline erosion. Conversely low water levels are hazardous to navigation. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problem of storm surge forecasting in enclosed basins with emphasis on automated operational procedures. In general, operational forecasting methods must be based on standard forecast parameters, require a minimum of computational effort in the preparation of the forecast, must be applicable to lakes of different geometry and to any point on the shore, and to be able to resolve water level changes on an hourly basis to 10 cm in the case of high water level excursions associated with large lakes and less than that for smaller lakes. Particular physical effects arising in lakes which make these constraints difficult to fulfill are the reflections of resurgences of water levels arising from lateral boundaries, the stability of the atmospheric boundary layer and the presence of such subsynoptic disturbances as squall lines and travelling pressure jumps.

scholarly journals STUDY ON INTERACTION BETWEEN THE ESTUARY DYNAMIC AND STORM SURGE INDUCED BY TROPICAL CYCLONE WINNIE(1997) IN YANGTZE RIVER ESTUARY

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Jinshan Zhang ◽  
Jun Kong ◽  
Zhiyi Lei ◽  
Weisheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Yangtze River Estuary ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
Astronomical Tide ◽  
Level Increase

ABSTRACT This paper studied the interaction between the Estuary dynamic and storm surge induced by super tropical cyclone Winnie(1997) in Yangtze River Estuary with nested numerical model, which is driven by meso-scale meteorological model established. And the results indicate that, storm surges have significant influences on the Yangtze River Estuary. The maximum water level increase caused by storm surge can be monitored between Jiangyin and Xuliujing, whose exact position fluctuates owing to effects of the upstream runoff and estuarine tide. Furthermore the general laws about the relationships among astronomical tide, storm surge, and flood are revealed in this paper, and flood water level under storm surge events is predicted also.

Numerical Study on the Wind Drag Stress in Storm Surge

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Kong ◽  
Zhiyao Song
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Wind Stress ◽  
Yangtze Estuary ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Tidal Level ◽  
Typhoon Season ◽  
Relative Wind

In estuary and coastal areas the storm surge will usually occur in typhoon season. When simulating the storm surge by numerical model, the wind speed at the height of 10m above the mean sea level will be usually used. Determining the wind drag stress on free surface reasonably plays an important role to simulate the storm surge accurately. In the past numerical models, the wind drag stress on free surface was calculated only considering the relative wind speed. There are many formulas about wind stress can be used, whereas these formulas are usually got in laboratory, where the water surface fluctuates in a small range, and the water elevation itself has not been considered in formula. Actually in some place, the astronomical tidal range is large, such as Yangtze estuary and Hangzhou bay in China, and during typhoon season, the water fluctuation range is much larger than ever there. In conventional method the wind stress will be underestimate in flood tide and be over-valuated in ebb tide without considering the fluctuation of water, so it is obviously unsuitable to take no account of the influence of tidal level on wind stress. Therefore in the intensive tide coastal area, the relationship of the relative wind speed, tidal level should be considered together. A new kind of wind stress formula has been established in this paper and been adopted in simulating the storm surge of typhoon Winnie in Yangtze estuary, and the results are better and satisfying.

Application of a fast stochastic storm surge model on estimating the high water level frequency in the Lower Rhine Delta

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 743-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zhong ◽  
P. H. A. J. M. van Gelder ◽  
P. J. A. T. M. van Overloop ◽  
W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Level ◽  
Lower Rhine

scholarly journals A new tropical cyclone surge index incorporating the effects of coastal geometry, bathymetry and storm information

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rezuanul Islam ◽  
Chia-Ying Lee ◽  
Kyle T. Mandli ◽  
Hiroshi Takagi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Numerical Computation ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Translation Speed ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThis study presents a new storm surge hazard potential index (SSHPI) for estimating tropical cyclone (TC) induced peak surge levels at a coast. The SSHPI incorporates parameters that are often readily available at real-time: intensity in 10-min maximum wind speed, radius of 50-kt wind, translation speed, coastal geometry, and bathymetry information. The inclusion of translation speed and coastal geometry information lead to improvements of the SSHPI to other existing surge indices. A retrospective analysis of SSHPI using data from 1978–2019 in Japan suggests that this index captures historical events reasonably well. In particular, it explains ~ 66% of the observed variance and ~ 74% for those induced by TCs whose landfall intensity was larger than 79-kt. The performance of SSHPI is not sensitive to the type of coastal geometry (open coasts or semi-enclosed bays). Such a prediction methodology can decrease numerical computation requirements, improve public awareness of surge hazards, and may also be useful for communicating surge risk.

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