scholarly journals Assessing the Appeal of Instagram Electronic Cigarette Refill Liquid Promotions and Warnings Among Young Adults: Mixed Methods Focus Group Study

10.2196/15441 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. e15441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnea I Laestadius ◽  
Kendall E Penndorf ◽  
Melissa Seidl ◽  
Young I Cho
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Nicotine Addiction ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
User Perceptions ◽  
Regulatory Strategies

Background While marketing for electronic cigarette refill liquids (e-liquids) is widespread on Instagram, little is known about the post elements that create appeal among young adult Instagram users. Further information is needed to help shape regulatory strategies appropriate for social media. Objective This study examined young adult Instagram user perceptions of actual e-liquid marketing posts and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–mandated nicotine addiction warning statements on Instagram. Methods A series of 12 focus groups (n=69) were held with non–tobacco users, vapers, smokers, and dual users in Wisconsin between September and December 2018. Participants discussed the elements of posts that they found appealing or unappealing, in addition to completing a survey about each post and e-liquid. Focus group transcripts were analyzed by smoking status using a framework analysis approach. Results Although willingness to try e-liquids was highest among nicotine users, focus group discussions indicated that Instagram posts promoting e-liquids held appeal for individuals across smoking statuses. The primary elements that created appeal were the perceived trustworthiness of the Instagram account, attractive design and flavor visuals, and promotion of flavors and nicotine levels that met personal preferences. Post appeal was reduced by references to vaping subcultures, indicators that the post creator did not take nicotine addiction seriously, and FDA-mandated nicotine warning statements. Non–tobacco users were particularly drawn to posts featuring nicotine-free e-liquids with attractive visual designs and flavors known from foods. Conclusions Young adults consider a broad range of elements in assessing the appeal of e-liquid marketing on Instagram, with minor but notable distinctions by smoking status. Non–tobacco users are uniquely drawn to nicotine-free e-liquids and are more deterred by the FDA’s mandated nicotine addiction warning statements than those from other smoking statuses. This suggests that it may be possible to tailor policy interventions in a manner that helps to reduce novel uptake of vaping without significantly diminishing its potential harm-reduction benefits.

scholarly journals Assessing the Appeal of Instagram Electronic Cigarette Refill Liquid Promotions and Warnings Among Young Adults: Mixed Methods Focus Group Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnea I Laestadius ◽  
Kendall E Penndorf ◽  
Melissa Seidl ◽  
Young I Cho
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Nicotine Addiction ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
User Perceptions ◽  
Regulatory Strategies

BACKGROUND While marketing for electronic cigarette refill liquids (e-liquids) is widespread on Instagram, little is known about the post elements that create appeal among young adult Instagram users. Further information is needed to help shape regulatory strategies appropriate for social media. OBJECTIVE This study examined young adult Instagram user perceptions of actual e-liquid marketing posts and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–mandated nicotine addiction warning statements on Instagram. METHODS A series of 12 focus groups (n=69) were held with non–tobacco users, vapers, smokers, and dual users in Wisconsin between September and December 2018. Participants discussed the elements of posts that they found appealing or unappealing, in addition to completing a survey about each post and e-liquid. Focus group transcripts were analyzed by smoking status using a framework analysis approach. RESULTS Although willingness to try e-liquids was highest among nicotine users, focus group discussions indicated that Instagram posts promoting e-liquids held appeal for individuals across smoking statuses. The primary elements that created appeal were the perceived trustworthiness of the Instagram account, attractive design and flavor visuals, and promotion of flavors and nicotine levels that met personal preferences. Post appeal was reduced by references to vaping subcultures, indicators that the post creator did not take nicotine addiction seriously, and FDA-mandated nicotine warning statements. Non–tobacco users were particularly drawn to posts featuring nicotine-free e-liquids with attractive visual designs and flavors known from foods. CONCLUSIONS Young adults consider a broad range of elements in assessing the appeal of e-liquid marketing on Instagram, with minor but notable distinctions by smoking status. Non–tobacco users are uniquely drawn to nicotine-free e-liquids and are more deterred by the FDA’s mandated nicotine addiction warning statements than those from other smoking statuses. This suggests that it may be possible to tailor policy interventions in a manner that helps to reduce novel uptake of vaping without significantly diminishing its potential harm-reduction benefits.

scholarly journals Expectations and Prospects of Young Adult Caregivers Regarding the Support of Professionals: A Qualitative Focus Group Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4299
Author(s):  
Hinke M. van der Werf ◽  
Wolter Paans ◽  
Geertjan Emmens ◽  
Anneke L. Francke ◽  
Petrie F. Roodbol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
Adult Caregivers

There is a lack of service provision for young adult caregivers (18–25 years of age). This study aims to describe the expectations and prospects of young adult caregivers regarding support from health and education professionals. A qualitative focus group design was used. Twenty-five young Dutch adults (aged 18–25 years) who were growing up with a chronically ill family member participated in one of seven focus groups. Qualitative inductive analysis was used to identify codes and main themes. Two overarching themes with five sub-themes emerged from the focus group discussions. The overarching themes are: the ‘process of approaching young adults’ and the ‘types of support these young adults require’. The process of approaching young adults contains the sub-themes: ‘recognition, attention, and listening’, ‘open-minded attitude’, ‘reliability’, and ‘respecting autonomy’. The types of support this group requires contains the sub-themes: ‘information and emotional support’. Health and education professionals should first and foremost be aware and listen to young adult caregivers, pay attention to them, have an open-minded attitude, respect their autonomy, and have the knowledge to provide them with information and emotional support. Further research could yield comprehensive insights into how professionals can meet these requirements and whether these results apply to male young adult caregivers and young adult caregivers not enrolled in a healthcare-related study program.

scholarly journals Health information, messaging and warnings on alcohol packaging: a focus group study with young adult drinkers in Scotland

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Daniel Jones ◽  
Crawford Moodie ◽  
Richard I. Purves ◽  
Niamh Fitzgerald ◽  
Rachel Crockett
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Focus Group Study

How e-wallets encourage excessive spending behavior among young adult consumers?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendy Mustiko Aji ◽  
Wiwiek Rabiatul Adawiyah
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spending Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose As it gains more popularity, e-wallets drive its users to spend more. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore how and why e-wallets may encourage excessive spending behavior among young adult consumers. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory sequential or QUAL-QUANT design, combining qualitative and quantitative, is used in this study. It is a type of mixed-method design consisting of both the core and supplementary methods. The qualitative method is conducted in Study 1 using online focus group discussion to answer “why” and “how” questions, whereas the quantitative method is used in Study 2 to test or examine the hypothetical model. The questionnaires are extracted from focus group discussion in Study 1, which is further tested for validity and reliability and model estimation in Study 2. The model is evaluated using structural equation modeling. Findings Study 1 extracted four keywords to affect young adults spending behavior, easiness, promotions, self-control and perception of having more money (the illusion of liquidity). In Study 2, it is found that those four variables significantly affect spending behavior. Interestingly, it is also found in Study 2 that the illusion of liquidity mediates the relationship between self-control and spending behavior. Research limitations/implications During the COVID-19 pandemic, where a physical meeting is not encouraged, focus group discussion is conducted online via Zoom. Perhaps, this condition can be one limitation this study faced. Originality/value This study offers a theoretical contribution to the literature by exploring how and why e-wallet payment is connected to excessive spending behavior among young adult consumers. This study also provides a model that further explains the relationship between young adults’ spending behavior by adding the illusion of liquidity as the mediating variable.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Focus Group Study to Illuminate the Lived Emotional and Social Impacts of Cancer and Its Treatment on Young Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Victorson ◽  
Sofia F. Garcia ◽  
Stacy Sanford ◽  
Mallory A. Snyder ◽  
Sara Lampert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Focus Group Study

scholarly journals Young Adult Identification and Perception of Hashtag-Based Vaping Claims on Instagram

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-618
Author(s):  
Linnea I. Laestadius ◽  
Kendall Penndorf ◽  
Melissa Seidl ◽  
Pallav Pokhrel ◽  
Ryan Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Practical Constraints

Social media platforms are home to large volumes of ambiguous hashtag-based claims about the health, modified-risk, and cessation benefits of electronic cigarette products (e.g., #Vapingsavedmylife). The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore how young adults interpret these hashtags on the popular platform Instagram. Specifically, we sought to identify if they view these hashtags as making health-related claims, and if they find these claims to be credible and valid. We conducted 12 focus groups in 2018 with non–tobacco users, smokers, dual users, and vapers between the ages of 18 and 24 ( n = 69). Using real Instagram posts to guide discussion, participants reflected on the meaning of potentially claims-making hashtags. Participants interpreted the majority of the hashtags as making health-related claims. However, many participants felt that the claims were too exaggerated to be entirely valid. Some participants, including dual users and vapers, argued that smoking and vaping were largely equivalent. Smokers were particularly skeptical of claims. Findings suggest that the U. S. Food and Drug Administration should consider hashtag-based claims in their regulatory efforts. However, further research is needed on how to pragmatically address claims taking the form of hashtags given legal and practical constraints.

scholarly journals “Isn't there a bunch of side effects?”: A focus group study on the beliefs about cessation treatments of non-college educated young adult smokers

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Danielle A. Duarte ◽  
Julia Cen Chen-Sankey ◽  
Kathleen Dang ◽  
Leah Orozco ◽  
Bambi Jewett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
College Educated

Why do young adults choose different transport modes? A focus group study

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorien Simons ◽  
Peter Clarys ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Bas de Geus ◽  
Corneel Vandelanotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Transport Modes

scholarly journals Young Adults, Technology, and Weight Loss: A Focus Group Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna Stephens ◽  
Gyasi Moscou-Jackson ◽  
Jerilyn K. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Need Support ◽  
Smartphone Technology ◽  
Group Sessions ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

Overweight and obesity are a major concern in young adults. Technology has been integrated into many weight loss interventions; however little is known about the use of this technology in young adults. The purpose of this study was to explore through focus group sessions the opinions of young adults on the use of technology for weight loss. A total of 17 young adults, between 18 and 25 years of age, participated in three focus group sessions. Major results indicated that young adults have very little knowledge on the use of Smartphone technology for weight loss but would like to use this type of technology to help them lose weight. Results also indicated that young adults struggle to make healthy food choices and have priorities that outweigh exercise and they need support and guidance to make better decisions. In conclusion, young adults would be open to using Smartphone technology for weight loss but also need feedback and guidance to help make healthy decisions.

scholarly journals Aesthetically Designing Video-Call Technology With Care Home Residents: A Focus Group Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonam Zamir ◽  
Felicity Allman ◽  
Catherine Hagan Hennessy ◽  
Adrian Haffner Taylor ◽  
Ray Brian Jones
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Older People ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Technological Intervention

BackgroundVideo-calls have proven to be useful for older care home residents in improving socialization and reducing loneliness. Nonetheless, to facilitate the acceptability and usability of a new technological intervention, especially among people with dementia, there is a need for user-led design improvements. The current study conducted focus groups with an embedded activity with older people to allow for a person-centered design of a video-call intervention.MethodsTwenty-eight residents across four care homes in the South West of England participated in focus groups to aesthetically personalize and ‘dress-up’ the equipment used in a video-call intervention. Each care home was provided with a ‘Skype on Wheels’ (SoW) device, a wheelable ‘chassis’ comprising an iPad or tablet for access to Skype, and a telephone handset. During the focus group, residents were encouraged to participate in an activity using colorful materials to ‘dress-up’ SoW. Comments before, during and after the ‘dress up’ activity were audio recorded. Framework analysis was used to analyze the focus group data.ResultsOlder people, including seven with dementia were able to interact with and implement design changes to SoW through aesthetic personalization. Themes arising from the data included estrangement, anthropomorphism, reminiscence, personalization, need for socialization versus fear of socialization and attitudes toward technology. After this brief exposure to SoW, residents expressed the likelihood of using video-calls for socialization in the future.ConclusionCare home residents enjoy engaging with new technologies when given the opportunity to interact with it, to personalize it and to understand its purpose. Low cost aesthetic personalization of technologies can improve their acceptability, usability, and implementation within complex care environments.

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