scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence for Diabetes Management and Decision Support: Literature Review (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Contreras ◽  
Josep Vehi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Methods ◽  
Prediction And Prevention

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence methods in combination with the latest technologies, including medical devices, mobile computing, and sensor technologies, have the potential to enable the creation and delivery of better management services to deal with chronic diseases. One of the most lethal and prevalent chronic diseases is diabetes mellitus, which is characterized by dysfunction of glucose homeostasis. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to review recent efforts to use artificial intelligence techniques to assist in the management of diabetes, along with the associated challenges. METHODS A review of the literature was conducted using PubMed and related bibliographic resources. Analyses of the literature from 2010 to 2018 yielded 1849 pertinent articles, of which we selected 141 for detailed review. RESULTS We propose a functional taxonomy for diabetes management and artificial intelligence. Additionally, a detailed analysis of each subject category was performed using related key outcomes. This approach revealed that the experiments and studies reviewed yielded encouraging results. CONCLUSIONS We obtained evidence of an acceleration of research activity aimed at developing artificial intelligence-powered tools for prediction and prevention of complications associated with diabetes. Our results indicate that artificial intelligence methods are being progressively established as suitable for use in clinical daily practice, as well as for the self-management of diabetes. Consequently, these methods provide powerful tools for improving patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals Demand Modelling in Telecommunications

10.14311/1121 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chvalina
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Term Forecast ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Methods ◽  
Demand Modelling

This article analyses the existing possibilities for using Standard Statistical Methods and Artificial Intelligence Methods for a short-term forecast and simulation of demand in the field of telecommunications. The most widespread methods are based on Time Series Analysis. Nowadays, approaches based on Artificial Intelligence Methods, including Neural Networks, are booming. Separate approaches will be used in the study of Demand Modelling in Telecommunications, and the results of these models will be compared with actual guaranteed values. Then we will examine the quality of Neural Network models. 

Exploring Personal Healthcare with the Help of Two Large European Framework Programs for Healthcare

2010 ◽  
pp. 918-938
Author(s):  
Harald Reiter ◽  
Joerg Habetha
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
European Research ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Personal Healthcare

Personal healthcare enables prevention and early diagnosis in daily life and is centered on the patient. There is a need for a new personal healthcare paradigm in the treatment of chronic diseases. This will be achieved by new technologies that are currently explored (e.g., in European Research projects such as MyHeart and HeartCycle). These projects develop technologies and application concepts for the (self-)management of chronic diseases in patients’ homes with special emphasis on usability and ease-of-use (e.g., wearable sensors and processing units that can even be integrated into the patient’s clothes). These technologies allow empowering patients, fostering self-management and therefore reducing cost, and improving patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals Empowering Patients Living With Chronic Conditions Using Video as an Educational Tool: Scoping Review

10.2196/26427 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. e26427
Author(s):  
Olga Navarro ◽  
Marta Escrivá ◽  
Raquel Faubel ◽  
Vicente Traver
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Educational Videos ◽  
Educational Potential

Background Video is used daily for various purposes, such as leisure, culture, and even learning. Currently, video is a tool that is available to a large part of the population and is simple to use. This audio-visual format has many advantages such as its low cost, speed of dissemination, and possible interaction between users. For these reasons, it is a tool with high dissemination and educational potential, which could be used in the field of health for learning about and management of chronic diseases by adult patients. Objective The following review determines whether the use of health educational videos by adult patients with chronic diseases is effective for their self-management according to the literature. Methods An electronic literature search of the PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE (via the EBSCOhost platform) databases up to April 2020 was conducted. The systematic scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology. Results After reviewing 1427 articles, 12 were selected as the most consistent with the proposed inclusion criteria. After their review, it was found that the studies showed that video is effective as a tool for improving care related to chronic diseases. Conclusions Video is effective in improving the care and quality of life for patients with chronic diseases, whether the initiative for using video came from their health care professionals or themselves.

A Social-Ecological Approach to Determine Barriers of DMSM Practice For Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Andi Mayasari Usman ◽  
Rian Adi Pamungkas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Provider ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Provider ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Care Providers

Diabetes mellitus is one of the global problems the world. Since the complexity of the patient’s tasks is required in the diabetes care, the consistency to engage this various health behavior for addressing the glycemic control target is difficult to achieve. Failure management may reflect by patient, family, inadequate intervention strategies by health care provider as well as organization factor. Three databases used such as PubMed, MIDLINE, and CINAHL to address patient’s barriers, family’s barriers, and provider’s barriers as well as organization barriers for diabetes management. Patient’s attitudes and belief, knowledge, culture, and ethnicity, self-efficacy, financial resources and economic status, lack of Social Support Perceived, and lack of time may influence the diabetes self-management. Family factors lead to patients’ diabetes self-management such as lack of knowledge and skill to support patients in diabetes management and quality of the relationship between patients-family. Health care providers factors included beliefs, attitudes, knowledge and skill and patient–family-provider interaction and communication. Other factors lead to diabetes self-management and health care provider performance to provide the intervention from organization level such as integrated health system sufficiency health insurance to support resources. A deeper understanding of the barriers in diabetes management is necessary to improve the diabetes care and quality of health care services for patients with diabetes. Further research needs to consider these barriers before designing the effective, sensitive interventions and problem solving for diabetes care

scholarly journals Does self-management education for elderly people with chronic diseases improve their quality of life?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Mohajer ◽  
Ahmad Ghasemi ◽  
Hossein Karimi Moonaghi ◽  
Seyed Reza Mazlom
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Self Management

scholarly journals Users’ Experiences of a Mobile Health Self-Management Approach for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Floch ◽  
Thomas Vilarinho ◽  
Annabel Zettl ◽  
Gema Ibanez-Sanchez ◽  
Joaquim Calvo-Lerma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Approach

BACKGROUND Despite a large number of clinical trials aiming at evaluating the digital self-management of chronic diseases, there is little discussion about users’ experiences with digital approaches. However, a good user experience is a critical factor for technology adoption. Understanding users’ experiences can inform the design of approaches toward increased motivation for digital self-management. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the self-management of cystic fibrosis (CF) with a focus on gastrointestinal concerns and the care of young patients. Following a user-centered design approach, we developed a self-management app for patients and parents and a web tool for health care professionals (HCPs). To evaluate the proposed solutions, a 6-month clinical trial was conducted in 6 European CF competence centers. This paper analyzes the user acceptance of the technology and the benefits and disadvantages perceived by the trial participants. METHODS A mixed methods approach was applied. Data were collected through 41 semistructured qualitative interviews of patients, parents, and HCPs involved in the clinical trial. In addition, data were collected through questionnaires embedded in the self-management app. RESULTS Support for enzyme dose calculation and nutrition management was found to be particularly useful. Patients and parents rapidly strengthened their knowledge about the treatment and increased their self-efficacy. Reported benefits include reduced occurrence of symptoms and enhanced quality of life. Patients and parents had different skills, requiring follow-up by HCPs in an introductory phase. HCPs valued obtaining precise information about the patients, allowing for more personalized advice. However, the tight follow-up of several patients led to an increased workload. Over time, as patient self-efficacy increased, patient motivation for using the app decreased and the quality of the reported data was reduced. CONCLUSIONS Self-management enfolds a collaboration between patients and HCPs. To be successful, a self-management approach should be accepted by both parties. Through understanding behaviors and experiences, this study defines recommendations for a complex case—the demanding treatment of CF. We identify target patient groups and situations for which the app is most beneficial and suggest focusing on these rather than motivating for regular app usage over a long time. We also advise the personalized supervision of patients during the introduction of the approach. Finally, we propose to develop guidance for HCPs to facilitate changes in practice. As personalization and technology literacy are factors found to influence the acceptance of digital self-management of other chronic diseases, it is relevant to consider the proposed recommendations beyond the case of CF.

Perspectives of Fear as a Barrier to Self-Management in Non-Hispanic Black Men With Type 2 Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ledric D. Sherman ◽  
Joni S. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Self Monitoring

Background. Self-managing type 2 diabetes (T2D) is critical but often challenging for non-Hispanic Black (NHB) men. Fears may contribute to poor self-management; however, the evidence is sparse. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between fear and diabetes self-management in NHB men from the southern United States. Methods. Nineteen NHB men with T2D were recruited from barbershops and churches. Interviews were conducted using a semistructured interview guide. Transcripts were analyzed using a phenomenological approach and focused on identifying common themes describing the perceptions of fear as a barrier to self-managing T2D in the study participants. Results. More than 68% of the sample was >55 years of age, where 42% reported an annual income of ≥$100,000, 74% were married, and 26% had a college degree. Fifty-three percent expressed fear with diabetes management, while 47% reported no fears with diabetes management. Direct fears associated with self-management included the use of needles and syringes for self-monitoring and medication adherence, respectively. Indirect fears were associated with the development of adverse complications resulting in poor mental and physical quality of life. No fears were reported secondary to diabetes knowledge, perceived control, and social support. Conclusions. In this sample of NHB men, fear was perceived by many as a direct barrier to self-management and an indirect barrier to optimal quality of life. These findings suggest the need to address the fears of NHB men when guiding treatment and developing research interventions to improve self-management skills.

scholarly journals Users’ Experiences of a Mobile Health Self-Management Approach for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis: Mixed Methods Study

10.2196/15896 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e15896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Floch ◽  
Thomas Vilarinho ◽  
Annabel Zettl ◽  
Gema Ibanez-Sanchez ◽  
Joaquim Calvo-Lerma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Approach

Background Despite a large number of clinical trials aiming at evaluating the digital self-management of chronic diseases, there is little discussion about users’ experiences with digital approaches. However, a good user experience is a critical factor for technology adoption. Understanding users’ experiences can inform the design of approaches toward increased motivation for digital self-management. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the self-management of cystic fibrosis (CF) with a focus on gastrointestinal concerns and the care of young patients. Following a user-centered design approach, we developed a self-management app for patients and parents and a web tool for health care professionals (HCPs). To evaluate the proposed solutions, a 6-month clinical trial was conducted in 6 European CF competence centers. This paper analyzes the user acceptance of the technology and the benefits and disadvantages perceived by the trial participants. Methods A mixed methods approach was applied. Data were collected through 41 semistructured qualitative interviews of patients, parents, and HCPs involved in the clinical trial. In addition, data were collected through questionnaires embedded in the self-management app. Results Support for enzyme dose calculation and nutrition management was found to be particularly useful. Patients and parents rapidly strengthened their knowledge about the treatment and increased their self-efficacy. Reported benefits include reduced occurrence of symptoms and enhanced quality of life. Patients and parents had different skills, requiring follow-up by HCPs in an introductory phase. HCPs valued obtaining precise information about the patients, allowing for more personalized advice. However, the tight follow-up of several patients led to an increased workload. Over time, as patient self-efficacy increased, patient motivation for using the app decreased and the quality of the reported data was reduced. Conclusions Self-management enfolds a collaboration between patients and HCPs. To be successful, a self-management approach should be accepted by both parties. Through understanding behaviors and experiences, this study defines recommendations for a complex case—the demanding treatment of CF. We identify target patient groups and situations for which the app is most beneficial and suggest focusing on these rather than motivating for regular app usage over a long time. We also advise the personalized supervision of patients during the introduction of the approach. Finally, we propose to develop guidance for HCPs to facilitate changes in practice. As personalization and technology literacy are factors found to influence the acceptance of digital self-management of other chronic diseases, it is relevant to consider the proposed recommendations beyond the case of CF.

scholarly journals Interventions to Support Behavioral Self-Management of Chronic Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Allegrante ◽  
Martin T. Wells ◽  
Janey C. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Wide Range

A majority of the US adult population has one or more chronic conditions that require medical intervention and long-term self-management. Such conditions are among the 10 leading causes of mortality; an estimated 86% of the nation's $2.7 trillion in annual health care expenditures goes toward their treatment and management. Patient self-management of chronic diseases is increasingly essential to improve health behaviors, health outcomes, and quality of life and, in some cases, has demonstrated effectiveness for reducing health care utilization and the societal cost burden of chronic conditions. This review synthesizes the current state of the science of chronic disease self-management interventions and the evidence for their effectiveness, especially when applied with a systematic application of theories or models that account for a wide range of influences on behavior. Our analysis of selected outcomes from randomized controlled trials of chronic disease self-management interventions contained in 10 Cochrane systematic reviews provides additional evidence to demonstrate that self-management can improve quality of life and reduce utilization across several conditions.

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