Patients’ Perceptions and Attitudes Regarding the Pre-Anesthesia Clinic (PAC) at the National Guard Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: An Exploratory Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghdeer Tashkandi ◽  
Samina Abidi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Educational Information

BACKGROUND Preoperative services and education allow patients to take an active role in their recovery and reduce the risk of post-operative complications. Exploring patients’ perceptions and attitudes regarding pre-anesthesia services and education helps reveal gaps in patients’ uptake of them so that targeted educational interventions can be designed and implemented. OBJECTIVE This is an exploratory study aimed at increasing the understanding of patients’ perceptions and concerns about and the adequacy of the pre-anesthesia services and educational content provided to them at the pre-anesthesia clinic (PAC) of the National Guard Hospital (NGH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The information gathered will be used to design and develop an electronic patient education system that will allow patients to access personalized, evidence-based pre-anesthesia information relevant to their upcoming surgeries. METHODS Quantitative research methods are used to collect relevant information from patients using a closed-ended questionnaire. The questionnaire includes items on demographics, patients’ perceptions and concerns regarding anesthesia, and the assessment of pre-anesthesia information adequacy. RESULTS Our results showed that 94% of the participants consider the PAC very important, and more than half of the participants (56%) were interested in receiving additional educational information about anesthesia via mobile applications. While 100% of the participants were satisfied with the information and services provided at the clinic, the assessment of this information and service adequacy indicated that participants were not adequately informed about anesthesia. Among the most common anesthesia-related concerns were the inability to wake up after anesthesia, becoming paralyzed after spinal anesthesia, the possibility of staying in the ICU after the surgery and developing back pain. CONCLUSIONS This gathered information will be used to design and develop an educational intervention that will deliver evidence-based, personalized and easy to understand educational instructions to patients to better prepare them for their upcoming surgery. The proposed system will overcome the problems of (i) the spread of generalized unrelated educational information and instructions, (ii) patients forgetting or misunderstanding the given instructions, (iii) issues with the accessibility of information, and (iv) a lack of communication and interaction between patients and their anesthetist.

scholarly journals The Information Needs of Canadian Midwives and Their Evidence Informed Practices: A Canada-Wide Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
Lindsay Barnes ◽  
Luanne Freund ◽  
Dean Giustini
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Advanced Degrees ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Canadian Association

Abstract Objective – The study aim was to understand the extent to which Canadian registered midwives have access to and make use of clinically relevant information for evidence based midwifery practice. Methods – A survey instrument was created consisting of 17 multiple choice, matrix table, and short answer questions and distributed to 1,690 recipients on the Canadian Association of Midwives email list in fall 2018. In total, 193 responses were included in the analysis. Results – One third of midwives do not have library memberships. Midwives reported that limited access to clinically relevant information is a key challenge in applying information in practice. Midwives with library memberships reported more frequent use of high-quality information while midwives without memberships reported more frequent use of websites. Midwives with advanced degrees (graduate, PhDs) were more likely to be high-frequency information users and rank themselves higher on evidence based competency scales than their undergraduate-holding colleagues. Clinical practice guidelines were important information sources and used frequently by midwives. Conclusion – Midwives reported low levels of academic or hospital library memberships and yet used information frequently. Clinical practice guidelines support the work of midwives but are inaccessible to some due to paywalls. Midwives lacked confidence in evidence based practice and reported critical appraisal as an area for development. Solutions to these problems could be addressed at the hospital, health authority, provincial, or national association level, or within midwifery departments at Canadian universities. Hospital and academic libraries should prioritize the information needs of students and practicing midwives and identify ways to foster use of library resources through administrative or educational interventions.

scholarly journals When and why do people act on flawed science? Effects of anecdotes and prior beliefs on evidence-based decision-making

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey L. Michal ◽  
Yiwen Zhong ◽  
Priti Shah
Keyword(s):  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Prior Beliefs ◽  
Learning Experiment ◽  
Apply Research ◽  
Evidence Quality ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Learning Interventions

AbstractToday’s citizens are expected to use evidence, frequently presented in the media, to inform decisions about health, behavior, and public policy. However, science misinformation is ubiquitous in the media, making it difficult to apply research appropriately. Across two experiments, we addressed how anecdotes and prior beliefs impact readers’ ability to both identify flawed science and make appropriate decisions based on flawed science in media articles. Each article described the results of flawed research on one of four educational interventions to improve learning (Experiment 1 included articles about having a tidy classroom and exercising while learning; Experiment 2 included articles about using virtual/augmented reality and napping at school). Experiment 1 tested the impact of a single anecdote and found no significant effect on either participants’ evidence evaluations or decisions to implement the learning interventions. However, participants were more likely to adopt the more plausible intervention (tidy classroom) despite identifying that it was unsupported by the evidence, suggesting effects of prior beliefs. In Experiment 2, we tested whether this intervention effect was driven by differences in beliefs about intervention plausibility and included two additional interventions (virtual reality = high plausible, napping = low plausible). We again found that participants were more likely to implement high plausible than low plausible interventions, and that evidence quality was underweighed as a factor in these decisions. Together, these studies suggest that evidence-based decisions are more strongly determined by prior beliefs than beliefs about the quality of evidence itself.

CAN BAYESIAN METHODS MAKE DATA AND ANALYSES MORE RELEVANT TO DECISION MAKERS?

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Sheingold
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Bayesian Approaches ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
And Performance

Decision making in health care has become increasingly reliant on information technology, evidence-based processes, and performance measurement. It is therefore a time at which it is of critical importance to make data and analyses more relevant to decision makers. Those who support Bayesian approaches contend that their analyses provide more relevant information for decision making than do classical or “frequentist” methods, and that a paradigm shift to the former is long overdue. While formal Bayesian analyses may eventually play an important role in decision making, there are several obstacles to overcome if these methods are to gain acceptance in an environment dominated by frequentist approaches. Supporters of Bayesian statistics must find more accommodating approaches to making their case, especially in finding ways to make these methods more transparent and accessible. Moreover, they must better understand the decision-making environment they hope to influence. This paper discusses these issues and provides some suggestions for overcoming some of these barriers to greater acceptance.

scholarly journals Portrait of the ‘Absent’ Father: The Impact of Non-Residency on Developing and Maintaining a Fathering Role

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary P. Corcoran
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Absent Father ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
Institutional Economic ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Impact

This paper reports on an exploratory study conducted with non-resident fathers, to elucidate the key issues affecting the development and maintenance of a fathering role after a relationship has ended. In particular, the paper focuses on the contingent nature of fatherhood for young marginalised men in Dublin. The extent to which fathers identify with a fathering role is explored and comparisons are drawn between the experiences of estranged, committed and activist fathers. Key factors that militate against fathers maintaining an active role in their children's lives are identified. The paper concludes that while the experiences of fatherhood vary across different categories of fathers, the majority of them aspire toward and value their fathering role. However, their capacity to adopt a positive fathering role is affected by a range of institutional, economic and social barriers.

Dentist’s Knowledge of Evidence-based Dentistry and Digital Applications Resources in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Yousef Ahmed Alomi ◽  
Anwar Mouslim Alshammari ◽  
Hanin Sumaydan Saleam Aljohani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Dentistry

The human factor: assessing individuals’ perceptions related to cybersecurity

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Ramlo ◽  
John B. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Computer Security ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Q Methodology ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
College Majors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Security Breaches ◽  
Study Participants

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reveal and describe the divergent viewpoints about cybersecurity within a purposefully selected group of people with a range of expertise in relation to computer security. Design/methodology/approach Q methodology [Q] uses empirical evidence to differentiate subjective views and, therefore, behaviors in relation to any topic. Q uses the strengths of qualitative and quantitative research methods to reveal and describe the multiple, divergent viewpoints that exist within a group where individuals sort statements into a grid to represent their views. Analyses group similar views (sorts). In this study, participants were selected from a range of types related to cybersecurity (experts, authorities and uninformed). Findings Four unique viewpoints emerged such that one represents cybersecurity best practices and the remaining three viewpoints represent poor cybersecurity behaviors (Naïve Cybersecurity Practitioners, Worried but not Vigilant and How is Cybersecurity a Big Problem) that indicate a need for educational interventions within both the public and private sectors. Practical implications Understanding the divergent views about cybersecurity is important within smaller groups including classrooms, technology-based college majors, a company, a set of IT professionals or other targeted groups where understanding cybersecurity viewpoints can reveal the need for training, changes in behavior and/or the potential for security breaches which reflect the human factors of cybersecurity. Originality/value A review of the literature revealed that only large, nation-wide surveys have been used to investigate views of cybersecurity. Yet, surveys are not useful in small groups, whereas Q is designed to investigate behavior through revealing subjectivity within smaller groups.

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