Global Research on Coronaviruses: A Metadata-Based Analysis for Health 4.0 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Warin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Data Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Global Research

BACKGROUND Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, this article proposes a data science protocol to analyze the global research on coronaviruses beyond just SARS-CoV2. The use of reproducible research principles based on open science, dissemination of scientific information, and easy access to scientific production may aid public health in the race against the virus. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this article is to use the global research on coronaviruses to identify critical elements to better inform the decision process for public health policies. We devise a data science protocol to help health policymakers use the new and latest data science techniques in designing evidence-based public health policies. METHODS We use the EpiBibR package to access more than 120,000 references about the global research on coronaviruses and their metadata. To analyze these data, we first use a theoretical framework to organize the results around three dimensions: conceptual, intellectual, and social. Second, we use machine learning techniques (natural language processing) and graph theory to map the results from our analysis in these three dimensions. RESULTS Our results showcase the potential applications of the proposed data science protocol for public health policies. Our results also show that the United States and China are the leading contributors to the global research on coronaviruses. They also show that India and Europe are significant contributors, though finding themselves in a second tier. University collaborations are strong between the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom in this domain, confirming the results at the country level. CONCLUSIONS Our results make a case for a data-driven public health policy, mainly when efficient and relevant research is necessary. Text mining techniques can assist policymakers in calculating research-driven indices and informing their decision process to specific actions deemed necessary for impactful health responses.

scholarly journals 8.I. Workshop: Populist radical right and health: National policies and global trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
The United States ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
National Policies ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Populist Radical Right ◽  
The Welfare State

Abstract Populist radical right (PRR) parties have been steadily expanding, not only in the number of supporters they gain and the seats they win in governments, but more importantly they have been increasingly elected into governmental coalitions as well as presidential offices. With the prominence of these authoritarian, nationalistic and populist parties, it is often difficult to discern what kind of policies they actually stand for. Particularly with regards to the welfare state and public health, it is not always clear what these parties stand for. At times they call for a reduction of health-related welfare provision, despite the fact that this goes against the will of the “ordinary people”, their core supporters; they often promote radical reductions of welfare benefits among socially excluded groups - usually immigrants, whom are most in need of such services; and finally they often mobilize against evidence-based policies. The purpose of this workshop is to present the PRRs actual involvement in health care and health policies across various countries. As PRR parties increase and develop within but also outside of the European continent it is necessary to keep track of their impact, particularly with regards to health and social policies. Although research surrounding PRR parties has significantly expanded over the last years, their impact on the welfare state and more specifically health policies still remains sparse. This workshop will present findings from the first comprehensive book connecting populist radical right parties with actual health and social policy effects in Europe (Eastern and Western) as well as in the United States. This workshop presents five country cases (Austria, Poland, the Netherlands, the United States) from the book Populist Radical Right and Health: National Policies and Global Trends. All five presentations will address PRR parties or leaders and their influence on health, asking the questions “How influential are PRR parties or leaders when it comes to health policy?” “Do the PRR actually have an impact on policy outcomes?” and “What is the actual impact of the health policies implemented by PRR parties or leaders?” After these five presentations, the participants of the workshop will be engaged in an interactive discussion. Key messages As the number of PRR parties increase worldwide and their involvement in national governments become inevitable, new light must be shed on the impact these political parties have on public health. Politics needs to become better integrated into public health research. The rise of PRR parties in Europe might have serious consequences for public health and needs to be further explored.

scholarly journals A Review of Cases of Marijuana and Violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1578
Author(s):  
Norman S. Miller ◽  
Redon Ipeku ◽  
Thersilla Oberbarnscheidt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Loss Of Contact

Marijuana is the most consumed illicit drug in the world, with over 192 million users. Due to the current legalization push of marijuana in the United States, there has been a lack of oversight regarding its public health policies, as marijuana advocates downplay the drug’s negative effects. This paper’s approach is from a public health perspective, focusing specifically on the cases of violence amongst some marijuana users. Here, we present 14 cases of violence with chronic marijuana users that highlight reoccurring consequences of: marijuana induced paranoia (exaggerated, unfounded distrust) and marijuana induced psychosis (radical personality change, loss of contact with reality). When individuals suffering from pre-existing medical conditions use marijuana in an attempt to alleviate their symptoms, ultimately this worsens their conditions over time. Although marijuana effects depend on the individual’s endocannabinoid receptors (which control behavioral functions, like aggression) and the potency level of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the drug, scientifically documented links between certain marijuana users and violence do exist. Wider public awareness of the risks and side effects of marijuana, as well as a more prudent health policy, and government agency monitoring of the drug’s composition, creation, and distribution, are needed and recommended.

The COVID-19 Pandemic Exposes Fatal Health Inequities

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Meredeth Turshen ◽  
Annie Thébaud-Mony
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Past ◽  
The United Kingdom

As stated in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, health is a fundamental human right. However, we find ourselves in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic with a shortage of both human and material health resources, most of which must be sourced from the private sector. Some of the wealthiest countries—France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States—have proved unable to respond rapidly. The evolution of public health over the past four decades, during which government health policies have reduced health services to commodities and objects of speculative investment, has led to the current crisis.

scholarly journals Comparison between India, USA and China on the Basis of Rigidity of Public Health Measures with Case Count and Mortality Rate during COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Nagpal ◽  
Yifan He ◽  
Nitender Goyal ◽  
Hernisha Radia ◽  
Meera Kumanan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Poor Country ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Case Count ◽  
Resource Poor Country ◽  
Case Number

The COVID-19 Pandemic has been governed by various policies across the world, with corresponding public health measures varying in rigidity. Does this influence the course of the illness within each nation? This research presents an analysis of policy approaches adopted by the United States, China, and India, to describe the rigidity of public health measures and effects on case numbers and mortality rates. We show that in India, high rigidity is correlated with lower mortality. Rigidity in policy is also influenced by available resources in the country; for a resource-poor country like India, strict lockdown measures are vital to prevent overwhelming the healthcare systems and its resources. However, for a nation like the United States, a greater availability of resources may result in less stringent measures, putting greater emphasis on the workforce that prevents total lockdown. Similarly, we observe that citizen trust also influences public health policies. Chinese citizens had greater trust in their government and followed the less strict measures, and were successful in decreasing the case number and mortality rates.

Environmental and Occupational Pollutants are Avoidable Causes of Breast Cancer

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel S. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

For over three decades, evidence has accumulated relating avoidable exposures to environmental and occupational carcinogens to the escalating incidence of breast cancer in the United States and other major industrialized nations. This evidence has until very recently been totally ignored by the cancer establishment, the National Cancer Institute, and the American Cancer Society, despite expenditures of over $1 billion on breast cancer research. Recognition of these environmental and occupational risk factors should lead to the belated development of public health policies directed to the primary prevention of breast cancer. Their recognition should also lend urgency to the need for radical reforms in the priorities and leadership of the cancer establishment.

Mother or Wife?

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phia S. Salter ◽  
Glenn Adams
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Relationship ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Church Membership ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Psychology Perspective ◽  
Cultural Ecological

Inspired by “Mother or Wife” African dilemma tales, the present research utilizes a cultural psychology perspective to explore the dynamic, mutual constitution of personal relationship tendencies and cultural-ecological affordances for neoliberal subjectivity and abstracted independence. We administered a resource allocation task in Ghana and the United States to assess the prioritization of conjugal/nuclear relationships over consanguine/kin relationships along three dimensions of sociocultural variation: nation (American and Ghanaian), residence (urban and rural), and church membership (Pentecostal Charismatic and Traditional Western Mission). Results show that tendencies to prioritize nuclear over kin relationships – especially spouses over parents – were greater among participants in the first compared to the second of each pair. Discussion considers issues for a cultural psychology of cultural dynamics.

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