Identifying Potential Gamification Elements for A New Chatbot for Families with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A User-Centred Design Approach (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truong An Bui ◽  
Megan Pohl ◽  
Cory Rosenfelt ◽  
Tatiana Ogourtsova ◽  
Mahdieh Yousef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
User Centred Design ◽  
Current Implementation ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Medical Fact ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Game Elements ◽  
Ongoing Support

BACKGROUND Chatbots have been increasingly considered for applications in the health and social care fields. Currently, it remains unclear how a chatbot could engage users coping with complex health needs, such as parents of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), who often need frequent and ongoing support. One approach to enhancing user engagement is the use of game elements in non-game contexts, known as gamification. To be effective, gamification needs to be tailored to users. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify which gamification elements would be the most useful in a chatbot that focuses on supporting families of children and youths with NDDs. METHODS We performed a narrative literature review of gamification elements and their current implementation. We then used a qualitative approach, which included a series of focus groups and interviews with caregivers of individuals with NDDs (N = 21) to identify potential gamification elements that could be well-suited for a chatbot focused on NDDs. Transcripts were analyzed for emerging themes. RESULTS From our 21 participants, we identified 3 main themes: 1) parents of individuals with NDDs were familiar and had positive experiences with gamification; 2) specific gamification element (goal setting) was considered an important feature for a chatbot for NDDs, whereas others (customization, rewards, and unlockable content) received more mixed opinions; and 3) although social networking was viewed positively, it is a complex feature to implement due to the pertaining issue of medical fact-checking. CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that prospective users (parents of individuals with NDDs) support the use of gamification in a chatbot for NDDs. Our study illustrates the importance of adopting a user-centred design when deciding which gamification elements to include, as some commonly used elements were perceived negatively by this specific group of users.

Giving and receiving written feedback on research reports: a narrative review and guidance for supervisors and students

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerith Duncanson ◽  
David Schmidt ◽  
Emma Webster
Keyword(s):  
Research Report ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Supervisory Relationship ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Researcher Development ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Educational Component

PurposeWritten feedback on research-related writing is an important educational component of novice researcher development. Limited evidence exists to inform effective written feedback, particularly in relation to research reports by novice researchers. The aim of this narrative literature review was to explore supervisor and novice researcher perspectives on the provision of written feedback, particularly in the context of their evolving supervisory relationship. MethodsA systematic search of peer-reviewed journals in educational and health databases was undertaken for the terms ‘written feedback’ and ‘research report’, from January 2001 to August 2020. Identified literature was critiqued for methodological quality. Findings were coded, grouped and described as themes. Next, the themes and their parts were applied to the development of a two-part written feedback checklist that includes separate but related recommendations for supervisors and novice researchers.FindingsFrom 35 included papers, the four main themes that related to written feedback on research reports by novice researchers were: the emotional impact of receiving or giving written feedback; written feedback in the supervisory power dynamic; communicating written feedback; and the content and structure of written feedback. The changing nature and complexity of factors associated with written feedback from research supervisors reflected the transition from a supervisory relationship to a peer relationship. The checklist developed from the synthesised data is intended to provide guidance for supervisors and students about their respective and shared responsibilities within a supervisory relationship.  ImplicationsIncreased awareness of the characteristics, roles and impact of written feedback will assist supervisors of novice researchers to provide effective written feedback, and for students to effectively utilise written feedback. Progression of written feedback throughout the supervisory period is proposed as a means of transitioning from a teacher-student to a peer researcher relationship. 

Reproductive health issues in female patients with beta-thalassaemia major: a narrative literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 902-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malihe Nourollahpour Shiadeh ◽  
Elena Cassinerio ◽  
Maryam Modarres ◽  
Armin Zareiyan ◽  
Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Thalassaemia Major ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Beta Thalassaemia ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

scholarly journals Participatory Research Approaches in Times of Covid-19: A Narrative Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692110100
Author(s):  
Johanna Hall ◽  
Mark Gaved ◽  
Julia Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Research ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Research Issue ◽  
Participatory Approaches ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Geographically Distributed ◽  
Literature Base ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Participatory Research Methods

This review aims to collate and organize the current literature base on the use of participatory research methods within Covid-19 and pandemic contexts. Participatory approaches rely on establishing trust and rapport between researchers and participants and advocate actively involving participants in the planning, implementation and evaluation of a research issue. However, by transitioning such approaches to an online and geographically distributed context, the openness and equitability of participatory approaches may be reduced or lost. By providing an overview of current empirical and guidance literature on the use of participatory approaches within the context of Covid-19, this review not only offers a basis for how a variety of methods may be used and adapted to distanced contexts, but also explicates the challenges associated with the use of these methods and the wider methodological implications posed by the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, this review outlines the issues associated with conducting this type of research more generally, providing implications for how distance-based participatory methods may be used in wider contexts where face-to-face interaction may not be appropriate, or fieldwork may be disrupted due to logistical reasons.

Facial Surface Anthropometric Features and Measurements With an Emphasis on Rhinoplasty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mazhar Celikoyar ◽  
Michael F Perez ◽  
M Ilhan Akbas ◽  
Oguzhan Topsakal
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Anthropometric Features ◽  
The Face ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Objective Outcomes ◽  
A Current

Abstract Background Facial features and measurements are utilized to analyze patients’ faces for various reasons, including surgical planning, scientific communications, patient-surgeon communications, and post-surgery evaluations. Objectives There are numerous descriptions regarding these features and measurements scattered throughout the literature and we did not encounter a current compilation of these parameters in the medical literature. Methods A narrative literature review of the published medical literature for facial measurements used for facial analysis in rhinoplasty was done through the electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar, along with a citation search. Results A total of 61 facial features were identified. 45 points (25 bilateral, 20 unilateral), five lines (three bilateral, two unilateral), eight planes, and three areas. A total of 122 measurements were identified: 48 distances (6 bilateral, 42 unilateral), 57 angles (13 bilateral, 44 unilateral), and 17 ratios. Supplemental Figures were created to depict all features and measurements using either a frontal, lateral or basal view of the face. Conclusions This paper provides the most comprehensive and current compilation of facial measurements to date. We believe this compilation will guide further developments (methodologies and software tools) for analyzing nasal structures and assessing the objective outcomes of facial surgeries, in particular rhinoplasty. Moreover, it will improve the communication as a reference for facial measurements of facial surface anthropometry, in particular rhinoplasty.

scholarly journals The Use of Interpreters in Medical Education: A Narrative Literature Review

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Costas S. Constantinou ◽  
Andrew Timothy Ng ◽  
Chase Beverley Becker ◽  
Parmida Enayati Zadeh ◽  
Alexia Papageorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Interpretive Approach ◽  
Assessment Skills ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

This paper presents the results of a narrative literature review on the use of interpreters in medical education. A careful search strategy was based on keywords and inclusion and exclusion criteria, and used the databases PubMed, Medline Ovid, Google Scholar, Scopus, CINAHL, and EBSCO. The search strategy resulted in 20 articles, which reflected the research aim and were reviewed on the basis of an interpretive approach. They were then critically appraised in accordance with the “critical assessment skills programme” guidelines. Results showed that the use of interpreters in medical education as part of the curriculum is scarce, but students have been trained in how to work with interpreters when interviewing patients to fully develop their skills. The study highlights the importance of integrating the use of interpreters in medical curricula, proposes a framework for achieving this, and suggests pertinent research questions for enriching cultural competence.

Identifying Key Components of Paper-Based and Technology-Based Home Assessment Tools Using a Narrative Literature Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Sahar Mihandoust ◽  
Rutali Joshi ◽  
Anjali Joseph ◽  
Kapil Chalil Madathil ◽  
Cheryl J. Dye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

scholarly journals The Effect of the Educational Environment on the rate of Burnout among Postgraduate Medical Trainees – A Narrative Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 238212052110187
Author(s):  
Marco Grech
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Postgraduate Medical Education ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Clinical Learning Environment ◽  
Medical Trainees ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Stress At Work

Background: Burnout among postgraduate medical trainees is common. It is a syndrome characterised by emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduced personal accomplishment. Burnout is seen as an organisational problem rather than the result of an individual’s ability to cope with the stress at work. The educational environment can play a pivotal role in the prevention of burnout among postgraduate medical trainees. This narrative literature review is aimed at assessing the effect of the educational environment on burnout in postgraduate doctors-in-training. Methods: A search of the databases Medline and PscyInfo for articles published between 2015 and 2020 was performed with the key words ‘burnout’ and ‘educational environment’ or ‘clinical learning environment’ or ‘postgraduate medical education’ or ‘learning environment’. Results: A total of 27 studies were identified and reviewed by the author. The prevalence of burnout reported varied widely between studies, ranging from 10% to 62%. Many of the factors that contribute to burnout form part of the educational environment, for example, hours worked, mistreatment, harassment and perceptions of injustice. Residency itself is a stressful period wherein trainees have to balance their responsibilities towards their patients with their responsibilities at home, all while furthering their studies and taking on new responsibilities. Interventions to prevent burnout and tackle existing burnout are multiple but very little solid evidence exists to attest to their efficacy. More research is needed to identify the most effective ways to deal with burnout in postgraduate medical trainees.

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